一、背景
MQ组件是系统架构里必不可少的一门利器,设计层面可以降低系统耦合度,高并发场景又可以起到削峰填谷的作用,从单体应用到集群部署方案,再到现在的微服务架构,MQ凭借其优秀的性能和高可靠性,得到了广泛的认可。 随着数据量增多,系统压力变大,开始出现这种现象: 数据库已经更新了,但消息没发出来,或者消息先发了,但后来数据库更新失败了,结果研发童鞋各种数据修复,这种生产问题出现的概率不大,但让人很郁闷。这个其实就是数据库事务与MQ消息的一致性问题,简单来讲,数据库的事务跟普通MQ消息发送无法直接绑定与数据库事务绑定在一起,例如上面提及的两种问题场景:
- 数据库事务提交后发送MQ消息;
- MQ消息先发,然后再提交数据库事务。
场景1的问题是数据库事务可能刚刚提交,服务器就宕机了,MQ消息没发出去,场景2的问题就是MQ消息发送出去了,但数据库事务提交失败,又没办法追加已经发出去的MQ消息,结果导致数据没更新,下游已经收到消息,最终事务出现不一致的情况。
二、事务消息的引出
我们以微服务架构的购物场景为例,参照一下RocketMQ官方的例子,用户A发起订单,支付100块钱操作完成后,能得到100积分,账户服务和会员服务是两个独立的微服务模块,有各自的数据库,按照上文提及的问题可能性,将会出现这些情况:
- 如果先扣款,再发消息,可能钱刚扣完,宕机了,消息没发出去,结果积分没增加。
- 如果先发消息,再扣款,可能积分增加了,但钱没扣掉,白送了100积分给人家。
- 钱正常扣了,消息也发送成功了,但会员服务实例消费消息出现问题,结果积分没增加。
由此引出的是数据库事务与MQ消息的事务一致性问题,rocketmq事务消息解决的问题:解决本地事务执行与消息发送的原子性问题。这里界限一定要明白,是确保MQ生产端正确无误地将消息发送出来,没有多发,也不会漏发。但至于发送后消费端有没有正常的消费掉(如上面提及的第三种情况,钱正常扣了,消息也发了,但下游消费出问题导致积分不对),这种异常场景将由MQ消息消费失败重试机制来保证,不在此次的讨论范围内。
常用的MQ组件针对此场景都有自己的实现方案,如ActiveMQ使用AMQP协议(二阶提交方式)保证消息正确发送,这里我们以RocketMQ为重点进行学习。
三、RocketMQ事务消息设计思路
根据CAP理论,RocketMQ事务消息通过异步确保方式,保证事务的最终一致性。设计流程上借鉴两阶段提交理论,流程图如下:
- 应用模块遇到要发送事务消息的场景时,先发送prepare消息给MQ。
- prepare消息发送成功后,应用模块执行数据库事务(本地事务)。
- 根据数据库事务执行的结果,再返回Commit或Rollback给MQ。
- 如果是Commit,MQ把消息下发给Consumer端,如果是Rollback,直接删掉prepare消息。
- 第3步的执行结果如果没响应,或是超时的,启动定时任务回查事务状态(最多重试15次,超过了默认丢弃此消息),处理结果同第4步。
- MQ消费的成功机制由MQ自己保证。
四、RocketMQ事务消息实现流程
以RocketMQ 4.5.2版本为例,事务消息有专门的一个队列RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC,所有的prepare消息都先往这里放,当消息收到Commit请求后,就把消息再塞到真实的Topic队列里,供Consumer消费,同时向RMQ_SYS_TRANS_OP_HALF_TOPIC塞一条消息。简易流程图如下:
上述流程中,请允许我这样划分模块职责:
- RocketMQ Client即我们工程中导入的依赖jar包,RocketMQ Broker端即部署的服务端,NameServer暂未体现。
- 应用模块成对出现,上游为事务消息生产端,下游为事务消息消费端(事务消息对消费端是透明的,与普通消息一致)。
应用模块的事务因为中断,或是其他的网络原因,导致无法立即响应的,RocketMQ当做UNKNOW处理,RocketMQ事务消息还提供了一个补救方案:定时查询事务消息的数据库事务状态
简易流程图如下:
五、源码剖析
讲解的思路基本上按照如下流程图,根据模块职责和流程逐一分析。
- 环境准备
阅读源码前需要在IDE上获取和调试RocketMQ的源码,这部分请自行查阅方法。 - 应用模块(事务消息生产端)核心源码
创建一个监听类,实现TransactionListener接口,在实现的数据库事务提交方法和回查事务状态方法模拟结果。
/** * @program: rocket * @description: 调试事务消息示例代码 * @author: Huang * @create: 2019-10-16 **/ public class SelfTransactionListener implements TransactionListener { private AtomicInteger transactionIndex = new AtomicInteger(0); private AtomicInteger checkTimes = new AtomicInteger(0); private ConcurrentHashMap<String, Integer> localTrans = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); /** * 执行本地事务 * * @param message * @param o * @return */ @Override public LocalTransactionState executeLocalTransaction(Message message, Object o) { String msgKey = message.getKeys(); System.out.println("start execute local transaction " + msgKey); LocalTransactionState state; if (msgKey.contains("1")) { // 第一条消息让他通过 state = LocalTransactionState.COMMIT_MESSAGE; } else if (msgKey.contains("2")) { // 第二条消息模拟异常,明确回复回滚操作 state = LocalTransactionState.ROLLBACK_MESSAGE; } else { // 第三条消息无响应,让它调用回查事务方法 state = LocalTransactionState.UNKNOW; // 给剩下3条消息,放1,2,3三种状态 localTrans.put(msgKey, transactionIndex.incrementAndGet()); } System.out.println("executeLocalTransaction:" + message.getKeys() + ",execute state:" + state + ",current time:" + System.currentTimeMillis()); return state; } /** * 回查本地事务结果 * * @param messageExt * @return */ @Override public LocalTransactionState checkLocalTransaction(MessageExt messageExt) { String msgKey = messageExt.getKeys(); System.out.println("start check local transaction " + msgKey); Integer state = localTrans.get(msgKey); switch (state) { case 1: System.out.println("check result unknown 回查次数" + checkTimes.incrementAndGet()); return LocalTransactionState.UNKNOW; case 2: System.out.println("check result commit message, 回查次数" + checkTimes.incrementAndGet()); return LocalTransactionState.COMMIT_MESSAGE; case 3: System.out.println("check result rollback message, 回查次数" + checkTimes.incrementAndGet()); return LocalTransactionState.ROLLBACK_MESSAGE; default: return LocalTransactionState.COMMIT_MESSAGE; } } }
事务消息生产者代码示例,共发送5条消息,基本上包含全部的场景,休眠时间设置足够的时间,保证回查事务时实例还在运行中,代码如下:
/** * @program: rocket * @description: Rocketmq事务消息 * @author: Huang * @create: 2019-10-16 **/ public class TransactionProducer { public static void main(String[] args) { try { TransactionMQProducer producer = new TransactionMQProducer("transactionMQProducer"); producer.setNamesrvAddr("10.0.133.29:9876"); producer.setTransactionListener(new SelfTransactionListener()); producer.start(); for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) { Message message = new Message("TransactionTopic", "transactionTest","msg-" + i, ("Hello" + ":" + i).getBytes()); try { SendResult result = producer.sendMessageInTransaction(message, "Hello" + ":" + i); System.out.printf("Topic:%s send success, misId is:%s%n", message.getTopic(), result.getMsgId()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE); producer.shutdown(); } catch (MQClientException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
- RocketMQ Client端代码,代码主要逻辑可以分成三段:第一段为设置消息为prepare消息,并发送给RocketMQ服务端
SendResult sendResult = null; MessageAccessor.putProperty(msg, MessageConst.PROPERTY_TRANSACTION_PREPARED, "true"); MessageAccessor.putProperty(msg, MessageConst.PROPERTY_PRODUCER_GROUP, this.defaultMQProducer.getProducerGroup()); try { sendResult = this.send(msg); } catch (Exception e) { throw new MQClientException("send message Exception", e); }
第二段:消息发送成功后,调用应用模块数据库事务方法,获取事务结果(为节省篇幅,代码有删节)
switch (sendResult.getSendStatus()) { case SEND_OK: { try { if (null != localTransactionExecuter) { localTransactionState = localTransactionExecuter.executeLocalTransactionBranch(msg, arg); } else if (transactionListener != null) { log.debug("Used new transaction API"); localTransactionState = transactionListener.executeLocalTransaction(msg, arg); } if (null == localTransactionState) { localTransactionState = LocalTransactionState.UNKNOW; } } catch (Throwable e) { log.info("executeLocalTransactionBranch exception", e); log.info(msg.toString()); localException = e; } } break; case FLUSH_DISK_TIMEOUT: case FLUSH_SLAVE_TIMEOUT: case SLAVE_NOT_AVAILABLE: localTransactionState = LocalTransactionState.ROLLBACK_MESSAGE; break; default: break; }
第三段:发送事务结果到RocketMQ端,结束事务,并响应结果给应用模块
try { this.endTransaction(sendResult, localTransactionState, localException); } catch (Exception e) { log.warn("local transaction execute " + localTransactionState + ", but end broker transaction failed", e); }
- RocketMQ Broker端事务提交/回滚操作(这里取endTransaction部分)
代码入口:org.apache.rocketmq.broker.processor.EndTransactionProcessor
OperationResult result = new OperationResult(); if (MessageSysFlag.TRANSACTION_COMMIT_TYPE == requestHeader.getCommitOrRollback()) { result = this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageService().commitMessage(requestHeader); if (result.getResponseCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { RemotingCommand res = checkPrepareMessage(result.getPrepareMessage(), requestHeader); if (res.getCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { // 修改消息的Topic为由RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC改为真实Topic MessageExtBrokerInner msgInner = endMessageTransaction(result.getPrepareMessage()); msgInner.setSysFlag(MessageSysFlag.resetTransactionValue(msgInner.getSysFlag(), requestHeader.getCommitOrRollback())); msgInner.setQueueOffset(requestHeader.getTranStateTableOffset()); msgInner.setPreparedTransactionOffset(requestHeader.getCommitLogOffset()); msgInner.setStoreTimestamp(result.getPrepareMessage().getStoreTimestamp()); // 将消息存储到真实Topic中,供Consumer消费 RemotingCommand sendResult = sendFinalMessage(msgInner); if (sendResult.getCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { // 将消息存储到RMQ_SYS_TRANS_OP_HALF_TOPIC,标记为删除状态,事务消息回查的定时任务中会做处理 this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageService().deletePrepareMessage(result.getPrepareMessage()); } return sendResult; } return res; } } else if (MessageSysFlag.TRANSACTION_ROLLBACK_TYPE == requestHeader.getCommitOrRollback()) { result = this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageService().rollbackMessage(requestHeader); if (result.getResponseCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { RemotingCommand res = checkPrepareMessage(result.getPrepareMessage(), requestHeader); if (res.getCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageService().deletePrepareMessage(result.getPrepareMessage()); } return res; } }
- RocketMQ Broker端定时任务回查数据库事务部分
方法入口:org.apache.rocketmq.broker.transaction.TransactionalMessageCheckService
@Override protected void onWaitEnd() { long timeout = brokerController.getBrokerConfig().getTransactionTimeOut(); // 超过15次的回查事务状态失败后,默认是丢弃此消息 int checkMax = brokerController.getBrokerConfig().getTransactionCheckMax(); long begin = System.currentTimeMillis(); log.info("Begin to check prepare message, begin time:{}", begin); this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageService().check(timeout, checkMax, this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageCheckListener()); log.info("End to check prepare message, consumed time:{}", System.currentTimeMillis() - begin); }
回查事务调用入口:
// 此段代码为TransactionalMessageServiceImpl类中的check方法 List<MessageExt> opMsg = pullResult.getMsgFoundList(); boolean isNeedCheck = (opMsg == null && valueOfCurrentMinusBorn > checkImmunityTime) || (opMsg != null && (opMsg.get(opMsg.size() - 1).getBornTimestamp() - startTime > transactionTimeout)) || (valueOfCurrentMinusBorn <= -1 ); if (isNeedCheck) { if (!putBackHalfMsgQueue(msgExt, i)) { continue; } // 调用AbstractTransactionalMessageCheckListener的 listener.resolveHalfMsg(msgExt); } else { pullResult = fillOpRemoveMap(removeMap, opQueue, pullResult.getNextBeginOffset(), halfOffset, doneOpOffset); log.info("The miss offset:{} in messageQueue:{} need to get more opMsg, result is:{}", i, messageQueue, pullResult); continue; } // 此方法在AbstractTransactionalMessageCheckListener类中 public void resolveHalfMsg(final MessageExt msgExt) { executorService.execute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { sendCheckMessage(msgExt); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error("Send check message error!", e); } } }); } // 此方法在AbstractTransactionalMessageCheckListener类中 public void sendCheckMessage(MessageExt msgExt) throws Exception { CheckTransactionStateRequestHeader checkTransactionStateRequestHeader = new CheckTransactionStateRequestHeader(); checkTransactionStateRequestHeader.setCommitLogOffset(msgExt.getCommitLogOffset()); checkTransactionStateRequestHeader.setOffsetMsgId(msgExt.getMsgId()); checkTransactionStateRequestHeader.setMsgId(msgExt.getUserProperty(MessageConst.PROPERTY_UNIQ_CLIENT_MESSAGE_ID_KEYIDX)); checkTransactionStateRequestHeader.setTransactionId(checkTransactionStateRequestHeader.getMsgId()); checkTransactionStateRequestHeader.setTranStateTableOffset(msgExt.getQueueOffset()); msgExt.setTopic(msgExt.getUserProperty(MessageConst.PROPERTY_REAL_TOPIC)); msgExt.setQueueId(Integer.parseInt(msgExt.getUserProperty(MessageConst.PROPERTY_REAL_QUEUE_ID))); msgExt.setStoreSize(0); String groupId = msgExt.getProperty(MessageConst.PROPERTY_PRODUCER_GROUP); Channel channel = brokerController.getProducerManager().getAvaliableChannel(groupId); if (channel != null) { // 通过Netty发送请求到RocketMQ Client端,执行checkTransactionState方法 brokerController.getBroker2Client().checkProducerTransactionState(groupId, channel, checkTransactionStateRequestHeader, msgExt); } else { LOGGER.warn("Check transaction failed, channel is null. groupId={}", groupId); } }
RocketMQ Client接收到服务端的请求后,重新调用回查数据库事务方法,并将事务结果再次提交到RocketMQ Broker端
方法入口:org.apache.rocketmq.client.impl.producer.DefaultMQProducerImpl类的方法
try { if (transactionCheckListener != null) { localTransactionState = transactionCheckListener.checkLocalTransactionState(message); } else if (transactionListener != null) { log.debug("Used new check API in transaction message"); localTransactionState = transactionListener.checkLocalTransaction(message); } else { log.warn("CheckTransactionState, pick transactionListener by group[{}] failed", group); } } catch (Throwable e) { log.error("Broker call checkTransactionState, but checkLocalTransactionState exception", e); exception = e; } this.processTransactionState( localTransactionState, group, exception);
六、补充一个问题
官网有提及,事务消息是不支持延迟消息和批量消息,我手贱试了一下延迟消息,事务消息设置一个DelayTimeLevel,结果这条消息就一直无法从RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC移除掉了,应用模块的日志发现在反复地尝试回查事务,Console界面上RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC的消息查询列表很快就超过2000条记录了,为什么?
我们回到代码层面进行分析,过程如下:
1.设置了DelayTimeLevel后,数据事务提交后(或是回查数据库事务完成后),将消息写入目标Topic时,由于DelayTimeLevel的干扰,目标Topic将变成SCHEDULE_TOPIC_XXXX,同时REAL_TOPIC变成RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC,真实的Topic在这个环节已经丢失。
// RocketMQ Broker端接受事务提交后的处理 org.apache.rocketmq.broker.processor.EndTransactionProcessor类 OperationResult result = new OperationResult(); if (MessageSysFlag.TRANSACTION_COMMIT_TYPE == requestHeader.getCommitOrRollback()) { // 这里调用CommitLog的putMessage方法 result = this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageService().commitMessage(requestHeader); if (result.getResponseCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { RemotingCommand res = checkPrepareMessage(result.getPrepareMessage(), requestHeader); if (res.getCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { // 修改消息的Topic为由RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC改为真实Topic MessageExtBrokerInner msgInner = endMessageTransaction(result.getPrepareMessage()); msgInner.setSysFlag(MessageSysFlag.resetTransactionValue(msgInner.getSysFlag(), requestHeader.getCommitOrRollback())); msgInner.setQueueOffset(requestHeader.getTranStateTableOffset()); msgInner.setPreparedTransactionOffset(requestHeader.getCommitLogOffset()); msgInner.setStoreTimestamp(result.getPrepareMessage().getStoreTimestamp()); // 将消息存储到真实Topic中,此时Topic已经变成SCHEDULE_TOPIC_XXXX RemotingCommand sendResult = sendFinalMessage(msgInner); if (sendResult.getCode() == ResponseCode.SUCCESS) { // 将消息存储到RMQ_SYS_TRANS_OP_HALF_TOPIC,标记为删除状态,事务消息回查的定时任务中会做处理 this.brokerController.getTransactionalMessageService().deletePrepareMessage(result.getPrepareMessage()); } return sendResult; } return res; } } // 此段代码在org.apache.rocketmq.store.CommitLog类的putMessage方法中 // 由于DelayTimeLevel的干扰,目标Topic将变成SCHEDULE_TOPIC_XXXX final int tranType = MessageSysFlag.getTransactionValue(msg.getSysFlag()); if (tranType == MessageSysFlag.TRANSACTION_NOT_TYPE || tranType == MessageSysFlag.TRANSACTION_COMMIT_TYPE) { // Delay Delivery if (msg.getDelayTimeLevel() > 0) { if (msg.getDelayTimeLevel() > this.defaultMessageStore.getScheduleMessageService().getMaxDelayLevel()) { msg.setDelayTimeLevel(this.defaultMessageStore.getScheduleMessageService().getMaxDelayLevel()); } topic = ScheduleMessageService.SCHEDULE_TOPIC; queueId = ScheduleMessageService.delayLevel2QueueId(msg.getDelayTimeLevel()); // Backup real topic, queueId MessageAccessor.putProperty(msg, MessageConst.PROPERTY_REAL_TOPIC, msg.getTopic()); MessageAccessor.putProperty(msg, MessageConst.PROPERTY_REAL_QUEUE_ID, String.valueOf(msg.getQueueId())); msg.setPropertiesString(MessageDecoder.messageProperties2String(msg.getProperties())); msg.setTopic(topic); msg.setQueueId(queueId); } }
打印的日志示例如下:
2019-10-17 14\:41\:05 INFO EndTransactionThread_4 - Transaction op message write successfully. messageId=0A00851D00002A9F0000000000000E09, queueId=0 msgExt:MessageExt [queueId=0, storeSize=335, queueOffset=5, sysFlag=8, bornTimestamp=1571293959305, bornHost=/10.0.133.29:54634, storeTimestamp=1571294460555, storeHost=/10.0.133.29:10911, msgId=0A00851D00002A9F0000000000000E09, commitLogOffset=3593, bodyCRC=1849408413, reconsumeTimes=0, preparedTransactionOffset=0, toString()=Message{topic='SCHEDULE_TOPIC_XXXX', flag=0, properties={REAL_TOPIC=RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC, TRANSACTION_CHECK_TIMES=3, KEYS=msg-test-3, TRAN_MSG=true, UNIQ_KEY=0A00851D422C18B4AAC25584B0880000, WAIT=false, DELAY=1, PGROUP=transactionMQProducer, TAGS=transactionTest, REAL_QID=0}, body=[72, 101, 108, 108, 111, 84, 105, 109, 101, 58, 51], transactionId='null'}]
2.延迟消息是定时任务触发的,我刚刚设置的延迟是1秒,定时任务又把消息重新放回RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC中,注意此时只有RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC有消息,RMQ_SYS_TRANS_OP_HALF_TOPIC队列是没有这条消息的,如下代码:
// 此段代码在org.apache.rocketmq.store.schedule.ScheduleMessageService类executeOnTimeup方法内 try { // 消息重新回到RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC队列中 MessageExtBrokerInner msgInner = this.messageTimeup(msgExt); PutMessageResult putMessageResult = ScheduleMessageService.this.writeMessageStore .putMessage(msgInner); if (putMessageResult != null && putMessageResult.getPutMessageStatus() == PutMessageStatus.PUT_OK) { continue; } else { log.error( "ScheduleMessageService, a message time up, but reput it failed, topic: {} msgId {}", msgExt.getTopic(), msgExt.getMsgId()); ScheduleMessageService.this.timer.schedule( new DeliverDelayedMessageTimerTask(this.delayLevel, nextOffset), DELAY_FOR_A_PERIOD); ScheduleMessageService.this.updateOffset(this.delayLevel, nextOffset); return; } } catch (Exception e) { log.error( "ScheduleMessageService, messageTimeup execute error, drop it. msgExt=" + msgExt + ", nextOffset=" + nextOffset + ",offsetPy=" + offsetPy + ",sizePy=" + sizePy, e); }
3.事务消息定时任务启动,查RMQ_SYS_TRANS_HALF_TOPIC有消息,但RMQ_SYS_TRANS_OP_HALF_TOPIC没有消息,为了保证消息顺序写入,又将此消息重新填入RMQ_SYS_TRANS_OP_HALF_TOPIC中,并且触发一次回查事务操作。示例代码如上文回查事务调用入口相同:
// 此段代码为TransactionalMessageServiceImpl类中的check方法 List<MessageExt> opMsg = pullResult.getMsgFoundList(); boolean isNeedCheck = (opMsg == null && valueOfCurrentMinusBorn > checkImmunityTime) || (opMsg != null && (opMsg.get(opMsg.size() - 1).getBornTimestamp() - startTime > transactionTimeout)) || (valueOfCurrentMinusBorn <= -1 ); if (isNeedCheck) { if (!putBackHalfMsgQueue(msgExt, i)) { continue; } listener.resolveHalfMsg(msgExt); } else { pullResult = fillOpRemoveMap(removeMap, opQueue, pullResult.getNextBeginOffset(), halfOffset, doneOpOffset); log.info("The miss offset:{} in messageQueue:{} need to get more opMsg, result is:{}", i, messageQueue, pullResult); continue; }
这样构成了一个死循环,直到尝试到15次才丢弃此消息(默认最大尝试次数是15次),这个代价有点大。针对此问题的优化,已经提交PR到RocketMQ社区,新版本发布后,事务消息将屏蔽DelayTimeLevel,这个问题就不会再出现了。
在新版本发布之前,我们的解决办法:
- 明确研发过程中事务消息禁止设置DelayTimeLevel。
感觉有风险,毕竟新来的童鞋,不是特别了解此部分功能的可能会手抖加上(像我最早那样)。 - 对RocketMQ Client做一次简单的封装,比如提供一个rocketmq-spring-boot-starter,在提供发送事务消息的方法里不提供设置的入口,如下示例:
/** * 事务消息发送 * 不支持延迟发送和批量发送 */ public void sendMessageInTransaction(String topic, String tag, Object message, String requestId) throws Exception { TransactionMQProducer producer = annotationScan.getProducer(topic + "_" + tag); producer.sendMessageInTransaction(MessageBuilder.of(topic, tag, message, requestId).build(), message); }
应该靠谱一些,毕竟从源头杜绝了DelayTimeLevel参数的设置。
七、结束语
本篇简单介绍了事务消息的解决的场景和职责的界限,基本的设计思路和流程,在此借鉴学习了RocketMQ作者的图稿,然后挑了部分代码作简要的讲解,还是自己的刨坑过程,文章内有任何不正确或不详尽之处请留言指导,谢谢。