一.安装portainer
1.1 查看portainer版本信息
可在此查看到每个版本的详细信息
1.2 下载文件
下载并将二进制文件
[root@localhost opt]# wget https://github.com/portainer/portainer/releases/download/1.20.1/portainer-1.20.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
--2019-03-05 13:21:00-- https://github.com/portainer/portainer/releases/download/1.20.1/portainer-1.20.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
正在解析主机 github.com (github.com)... 13.229.188.59, 52.74.223.119, 13.250.177.223
正在连接 github.com (github.com)|13.229.188.59|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置：https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/59239347/7e700400-255c-11e9-9e54-5044865ea28f?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20190305%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20190305T052100Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=d728457eff5f21815f5ca5c64d3bcace5f8b850ecb66d80785f01de9ce4bf383&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dportainer-1.20.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [跟随至新的 URL]
--2019-03-05 13:21:01-- https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/59239347/7e700400-255c-11e9-9e54-5044865ea28f?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20190305%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20190305T052100Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=d728457eff5f21815f5ca5c64d3bcace5f8b850ecb66d80785f01de9ce4bf383&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dportainer-1.20.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
正在解析主机 github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)... 52.216.132.163
正在连接 github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)|52.216.132.163|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：21945155 (21M) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “portainer-1.20.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz”
100%[==========================================================================================>] 21,945,155 570KB/s 用时 2m 1s
2019-03-05 13:23:04 (177 KB/s) - 已保存 “portainer-1.20.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz” [21945155/21945155])
1.3 解压文件
解压缩到磁盘上的某个位置
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf portainer-1.20.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# ls
portainer
1.4 新建portainer数据存储目录
Portainer默认会尝试将其数据写入/ data文件夹，但我们可以更改它的数据存储目录
[root@localhost opt]# mkdir /opt/portainer-data
1.5 启动portainer
[root@localhost opt]# cd portainer
[root@localhost portainer]# ls
docker portainer public templates.json
启动portainer
[root@localhost portainer]# ./portainer --data /opt/portainer-data --template-file "${PWD}/templates.json" &
[1] 7824
[root@localhost portainer]# 2019/03/05 13:49:51 Starting Portainer 1.20.1 on :9000
[root@localhost portainer]# cd /opt/portainer-data/
[root@localhost portainer-data]# ls
bin compose config.json portainer.db portainer.key portainer.pub tls
==注意：==
如果portainer的默认端口9000在你的服务器已经被占用或者不方便使用，也使用该-p标志在另一个端口上为Portainer提供服务：
如下例：
[root@localhost portainer]# ./portainer --data /opt/portainer-data -p :8080 --template-file "${PWD}/templates.json" &
[1] 7949
[root@localhost portainer]# 2019/03/05 13:57:37 Templates already registered inside the database. Skipping template import.
2019/03/05 13:57:37 Starting Portainer 1.20.1 on :8080
[root@localhost portainer]#
[root@localhost portainer]# netstat -lnptu
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 7949/./portainer
==注意：==
可以在启动容器的时候直接在命令内设置参数，来修改portainer的默认行为，可使用的参数使用./portainer --help命令查看：
[root@localhost portainer]# ./portainer --help
usage: portainer [<flags>]
Flags:
--help Show context-sensitive help (also try --help-long and --help-man).
--version Show application version.
-p, --bind=":9000" Address and port to serve Portainer
-a, --assets="./" Path to the assets
-d, --data="/data" Path to the folder where the data is stored
-H, --host=HOST Endpoint URL
--external-endpoints=EXTERNAL-ENDPOINTS
Path to a file defining available endpoints
--no-auth Disable authentication
--no-analytics Disable Analytics in app
--tlsverify TLS support
--tlsskipverify Disable TLS server verification
--tlscacert="/certs/ca.pem"
Path to the CA
--tlscert="/certs/cert.pem"
Path to the TLS certificate file
--tlskey="/certs/key.pem" Path to the TLS key
--ssl Secure Portainer instance using SSL
--sslcert="/certs/portainer.crt"
Path to the SSL certificate used to secure the Portainer instance
--sslkey="/certs/portainer.key"
Path to the SSL key used to secure the Portainer instance
--sync-interval="60s" Duration between each synchronization via the external endpoints source
--snapshot Start a background job to create endpoint snapshots
--snapshot-interval="5m" Duration between each endpoint snapshot job
--admin-password=ADMIN-PASSWORD
Hashed admin password
--admin-password-file=ADMIN-PASSWORD-FILE
Path to the file containing the password for the admin user
-l, --hide-label=HIDE-LABEL ...
Hide containers with a specific label in the UI
--logo=LOGO URL for the logo displayed in the UI
-t, --templates=TEMPLATES URL to the templates definitions.
--template-file="/templates.json"
Path to the templates (app) definitions on the filesystem
二、portminer模板
portainer中可以自定义一些模板，然后在portainer中创建容器的时候使用这些模块快速的创建，模板是json格式的，包含一些必选项和可选项。
可看见在启动portminer时，添加的一个参数：--template-file "${PWD}/templates.json"
portminer模板便存储在templates.json文件中
摘取一段templates.json文件中的内容为大家解释一下
2.1 portminer模板样例
[root@localhost portainer]# ls
docker portainer public templates.json
[root@localhost portainer]# cat templates.json
[
{
"type": 1,
"title": "Registry",
"description": "Docker image registry",
"categories": ["docker"],
"platform": "linux",
"logo": "https://portainer-io-assets.sfo2.digitaloceanspaces.com/logos/registry.png",
"image": "registry:latest",
"ports": [
"5000/tcp"
],
"volumes": [{ "container": "/var/lib/registry"}]
},
{
"type": 1,
"title": "Nginx",
"description": "High performance web server",
"categories": ["webserver"],
"platform": "linux",
"logo": "https://portainer-io-assets.sfo2.digitaloceanspaces.com/logos/nginx.png",
"image": "nginx:latest",
"ports": [
"80/tcp",
"443/tcp"
],
"volumes": [{"container": "/etc/nginx"}, {"container": "/usr/share/nginx/html"}]
},
2.2 portminer模板解释
type 必选项，1表示container，2表示swarm stack，3表示compose stack
title 必选项
description 必选项，该镜像描述
image 必选项，该应用使用的docker镜像
administrator_only 可选项，是否只有管理员可用模板
name 可选项，该模板在管理界面中显示的名称
logo 可选项，自定义的logo
registry 可选项，docker镜像的仓库，默认是Dockerhub
command 可选项，容器里面运行的命令，如果没有指定，则默认运行dockerfile的command
network 可选项，模板使用的网络
volumes 可选项，模板使用的volume
ports 可选项，模板exposed的端口
labels 可选项，模板上定义的labels
privileged 可选项，容器是否能在超级权限启动
interactive 可选项，容器启动时是否是交互模式，即添加-i -t
restart_policy 可选项，容器的重启策略
hostname 可选项，容器的主机名
note 可选项，关于模板的信息
platform 可选项，支持的平台，一般是linux或者windows
categories 可选项，模板的类别，可以在UI上通过category来过滤
