android如何获取蓝牙设备了？
我们一步一步来分析，首先蓝牙属于一种短距离的无线通信技术，那作为我们android系统是否对此有过封装了？答案那肯定是有了！
BluetoothAdapter
android提供的蓝牙适配器，既然有了适配器，接下来我们获取蓝牙列表就有了一个切口。首先我们获取蓝牙列表之前，先需要获取蓝牙相关的权限，我们在AndroidManifest.xml里加入权限以下权限：
<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
接下来我们在检查设备是否有蓝牙功能
bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if (bluetoothAdapter == null) { //通知用户当前设备不具有蓝牙功能 return; }
如果bluetoothAdapter != null， 我们再来检查用户是否开启了蓝牙功能
if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){ //检查是否开启蓝牙功能 Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivity(intent); //跳转到系统Activity，让用户选择开启蓝牙功能 bluetoothAdapter.enable(); return; }
通过BluetoothAdapter源码我们可以看到该类下面定义了很多常量值
public static final String ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED"; public static final String ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.DISCOVERY_FINISHED"; public static final String ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.DISCOVERY_STARTED"; public static final String ACTION_LOCAL_NAME_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.LOCAL_NAME_CHANGED"; public static final String ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE"; public static final String ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.REQUEST_ENABLE"; public static final String ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.SCAN_MODE_CHANGED";
不难看出这些应该是适配器给我们配置的广播标签，那我们就根据这些状态值来创建一个
BroadcastReceiver.class用来接收蓝牙适配器给我们发送的消息
public class BlueToothBroadcast extends BroadcastReceiver { private List<String> blueToothList; private BlueToothListAdapter blueToothListAdapter; private List<String> stringList = new ArrayList<>; public BlueToothBroadcast(List<String> blueToothList， BlueToothListAdapter blueToothListAdapter) { this.blueToothList = blueToothList; this.blueToothListAdapter= blueToothListAdapter; } @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); switch (action){ case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND: //收集蓝牙信息 BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); String mac = (device.getAddress().replace(":", "")); StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); stringBuilder.append("设备名称:" + device.getName() + "\n"); stringBuilder.append("mac地址:" + toLowerCase(mac, 0, mac.length()) + "\n"); //用一个新的string集合去对比设备名称和mac地址，不能拼接rssi和uuid后再去对比 if (stringList.indexOf(stringBuilder.toString()) == -1) { // 防止重复添加 stringList.add(stringBuilder.toString()); if (device.getName() != null) { stringBuilder.append("rssi:" + intent.getExtras().getShort(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_RSSI) + "\n"); stringBuilder.append("Uuid:" + device.getUuids()); blueToothList.add(stringBuilder.toString()); // 获取设备名称和mac地址 } } Log.d("searchDevices", "onReceive str: " + blueToothList.toString()); break; case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED: //正在扫描 break; case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED: blueToothListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); Toast.makeText(context, "扫描完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } } //格式化mac地址 public static String toLowerCase(String str, int beginIndex, int endIndex) { return str.replaceFirst(str.substring(beginIndex, endIndex), str.substring(beginIndex, endIndex) .toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault())); } }
接下来在activity中去注册我们的广播（记得在ondestroy中注销广播啊）
// 注册Receiver来获取蓝牙设备相关的结果 broadcastReceiver = new BlueToothBroadcast(blueToothList,blueToothListAdapterr); IntentFilter intent = new IntentFilter(); intent.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); // 用BroadcastReceiver来取得搜索结果 intent.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED); intent.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, intent);
最后一步，开启蓝牙发送广播，然后在自己写的适配器上把收集到的list加载上去，完事儿！
这套下来我们的蓝牙设备列表就获取完成了！快去试试
if (!bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { blueToothList.clear(); addPairedDevice();//添加蓝牙配对设备 bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); } private void addPairedDevice() { Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices(); if (pairedDevices != null && pairedDevices.size() > 0) { for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) { String mac = (device.getAddress().replace(":", "")); StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); stringBuilder.append(getString(R.string.device_name)).append(device.getName()).append("\n"); stringBuilder.append(getString(R.string.mac_ip)).append(toLowerCase(mac, 0, mac.length())).append("\n"); stringBuilder.append(getString(R.string.uuid)).append(Arrays.toString(device.getUuids())); blueToothList.add(stringBuilder.toString()); } } }
