BackTrader 中文文档(九)(3)https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1505291
扩展佣金
原文:
www.backtrader.com/docu/extending-commissions/commission-schemes-extended/
佣金和相关功能由一个名为CommissionInfo
的单个类管理,该类大部分通过调用broker.setcommission
实例化。
该概念仅限于具有保证金和按合同固定佣金的期货,以及具有基于价格/数量百分比的股票。即使已实现其目的,也不是最灵活的方案。
GitHub 上的增强请求#29导致一些重写,以便:
- 保持
CommissionInfo
和broker.setcommission
与原始行为兼容。 - 对代码进行一些清理
- 使佣金方案灵活以支持增强请求和进一步的可能性
在进入示例之前的实际工作
class CommInfoBase(with_metaclass(MetaParams)): COMM_PERC, COMM_FIXED = range(2) params = ( ('commission', 0.0), ('mult', 1.0), ('margin', None), ('commtype', None), ('stocklike', False), ('percabs', False), )
引入了CommissionInfo
的基类,它将新参数添加到混合中:
commtype
(默认:None
)这是兼容性的关键。如果值为None
,则CommissionInfo
对象和broker.setcommission
的行为将与以前相同。即:
- 如果设置了
margin
,则佣金方案适用于具有按合同固定佣金的期货 - 如果未设置
margin
,则佣金方案适用于采用百分比方法的股票。
- 如果值为
COMM_PERC
或COMM_FIXED
(或从派生类中的任何其他值),这显然决定了佣金是否是固定的还是基于百分比的。 stocklike
(默认:False
)
如上所述,旧的CommissionInfo
对象中的实际行为由参数margin
确定
如果commtype
设置为None
之外的其他内容,则此值指示资产是否为类似期货的资产(将使用保证金并进行基于条形的现金调整),否则这是类似股票的资产。percabs
(默认:False
)
如果为False
,则百分比必须以相对形式传递(xx%)。
如果为True
,则百分比必须作为绝对值传递(0.xx)CommissionInfo
是从CommInfoBase
继承的,将此参数的默认值更改为True
以保持兼容的行为。
所有这些参数也可以在broker.setcommission
中使用,现在看起来像这样:
def setcommission(self, commission=0.0, margin=None, mult=1.0, commtype=None, percabs=True, stocklike=False, name=None):
请注意以下内容:
percabs
为True
,以保持与旧调用的兼容行为,如上所述对于CommissionInfo
对象
用于测试commissions-schemes
的旧示例已重写以支持命令行参数和新行为。用法帮助:
$ ./commission-schemes.py --help usage: commission-schemes.py [-h] [--data DATA] [--fromdate FROMDATE] [--todate TODATE] [--stake STAKE] [--period PERIOD] [--cash CASH] [--comm COMM] [--mult MULT] [--margin MARGIN] [--commtype {none,perc,fixed}] [--stocklike] [--percrel] [--plot] [--numfigs NUMFIGS] Commission schemes optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit --data DATA, -d DATA data to add to the system (default: ../../datas/2006-day-001.txt) --fromdate FROMDATE, -f FROMDATE Starting date in YYYY-MM-DD format (default: 2006-01-01) --todate TODATE, -t TODATE Starting date in YYYY-MM-DD format (default: 2006-12-31) --stake STAKE Stake to apply in each operation (default: 1) --period PERIOD Period to apply to the Simple Moving Average (default: 30) --cash CASH Starting Cash (default: 10000.0) --comm COMM Commission factor for operation, either apercentage or a per stake unit absolute value (default: 2.0) --mult MULT Multiplier for operations calculation (default: 10) --margin MARGIN Margin for futures-like operations (default: 2000.0) --commtype {none,perc,fixed} Commission - choose none for the old CommissionInfo behavior (default: none) --stocklike If the operation is for stock-like assets orfuture- like assets (default: False) --percrel If perc is expressed in relative xx{'const': True, 'help': u'If perc is expressed in relative xx% ratherthan absolute value 0.xx', 'option_strings': [u' --percrel'], 'dest': u'percrel', 'required': False, 'nargs': 0, 'choices': None, 'default': False, 'prog': 'commission-schemes.py', 'container': <argparse._ArgumentGroup object at 0x0000000007EC9828>, 'type': None, 'metavar': None}atherthan absolute value 0.xx (default: False) --plot, -p Plot the read data (default: False) --numfigs NUMFIGS, -n NUMFIGS Plot using numfigs figures (default: 1)
让我们进行一些运行以重现原始佣金方案贴文的原始行为。
期货佣金(固定和有保证金)
执行和图表:
$ ./commission-schemes.py --comm 2.0 --margin 2000.0 --mult 10 --plot
并且输出显示固定佣金为 2.0 货币单位(默认的投注是 1):
2006-03-09, BUY CREATE, 3757.59 2006-03-10, BUY EXECUTED, Price: 3754.13, Cost: 2000.00, Comm 2.00 2006-04-11, SELL CREATE, 3788.81 2006-04-12, SELL EXECUTED, Price: 3786.93, Cost: 2000.00, Comm 2.00 2006-04-12, TRADE PROFIT, GROSS 328.00, NET 324.00 ...
股票佣金(带和不带保证金的百分比)
执行和图表:
$ ./commission-schemes.py --comm 0.005 --margin 0 --mult 1 --plot
为了提高可读性,可以使用相对百分比值:
$ ./commission-schemes.py --percrel --comm 0.5 --margin 0 --mult 1 --plot
现在0.5
直接意味着0.5%
在两种情况下输出为:
2006-03-09, BUY CREATE, 3757.59 2006-03-10, BUY EXECUTED, Price: 3754.13, Cost: 3754.13, Comm 18.77 2006-04-11, SELL CREATE, 3788.81 2006-04-12, SELL EXECUTED, Price: 3786.93, Cost: 3754.13, Comm 18.93 2006-04-12, TRADE PROFIT, GROSS 32.80, NET -4.91 ...
期货的佣金(百分比和有保证金)
使用新参数,期货的基于百分比的方案:
$ ./commission-schemes.py --commtype perc --percrel --comm 0.5 --margin 2000 --mult 10 --plot
改变佣金……最终结果改变也就不足为奇了。
输出显示佣金现在是可变的:
2006-03-09, BUY CREATE, 3757.59 2006-03-10, BUY EXECUTED, Price: 3754.13, Cost: 2000.00, Comm 18.77 2006-04-11, SELL CREATE, 3788.81 2006-04-12, SELL EXECUTED, Price: 3786.93, Cost: 2000.00, Comm 18.93 2006-04-12, TRADE PROFIT, GROSS 328.00, NET 290.29 ...
在先前的运行中设置了 2.0 货币单位(默认投注为 1)
另一篇文章将详细介绍新类别和一种自制佣金方案的实现。
示例的代码
from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals) import argparse import datetime import backtrader as bt import backtrader.feeds as btfeeds import backtrader.indicators as btind class SMACrossOver(bt.Strategy): params = ( ('stake', 1), ('period', 30), ) def log(self, txt, dt=None): ''' Logging function fot this strategy''' dt = dt or self.datas[0].datetime.date(0) print('%s, %s' % (dt.isoformat(), txt)) def notify_order(self, order): if order.status in [order.Submitted, order.Accepted]: # Buy/Sell order submitted/accepted to/by broker - Nothing to do return # Check if an order has been completed # Attention: broker could reject order if not enougth cash if order.status in [order.Completed, order.Canceled, order.Margin]: if order.isbuy(): self.log( 'BUY EXECUTED, Price: %.2f, Cost: %.2f, Comm %.2f' % (order.executed.price, order.executed.value, order.executed.comm)) else: # Sell self.log('SELL EXECUTED, Price: %.2f, Cost: %.2f, Comm %.2f' % (order.executed.price, order.executed.value, order.executed.comm)) def notify_trade(self, trade): if trade.isclosed: self.log('TRADE PROFIT, GROSS %.2f, NET %.2f' % (trade.pnl, trade.pnlcomm)) def __init__(self): sma = btind.SMA(self.data, period=self.p.period) # > 0 crossing up / < 0 crossing down self.buysell_sig = btind.CrossOver(self.data, sma) def next(self): if self.buysell_sig > 0: self.log('BUY CREATE, %.2f' % self.data.close[0]) self.buy(size=self.p.stake) # keep order ref to avoid 2nd orders elif self.position and self.buysell_sig < 0: self.log('SELL CREATE, %.2f' % self.data.close[0]) self.sell(size=self.p.stake) def runstrategy(): args = parse_args() # Create a cerebro cerebro = bt.Cerebro() # Get the dates from the args fromdate = datetime.datetime.strptime(args.fromdate, '%Y-%m-%d') todate = datetime.datetime.strptime(args.todate, '%Y-%m-%d') # Create the 1st data data = btfeeds.BacktraderCSVData( dataname=args.data, fromdate=fromdate, todate=todate) # Add the 1st data to cerebro cerebro.adddata(data) # Add a strategy cerebro.addstrategy(SMACrossOver, period=args.period, stake=args.stake) # Add the commission - only stocks like a for each operation cerebro.broker.setcash(args.cash) commtypes = dict( none=None, perc=bt.CommInfoBase.COMM_PERC, fixed=bt.CommInfoBase.COMM_FIXED) # Add the commission - only stocks like a for each operation cerebro.broker.setcommission(commission=args.comm, mult=args.mult, margin=args.margin, percabs=not args.percrel, commtype=commtypes[args.commtype], stocklike=args.stocklike) # And run it cerebro.run() # Plot if requested if args.plot: cerebro.plot(numfigs=args.numfigs, volume=False) def parse_args(): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser( description='Commission schemes', formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter,) parser.add_argument('--data', '-d', default='../../datas/2006-day-001.txt', help='data to add to the system') parser.add_argument('--fromdate', '-f', default='2006-01-01', help='Starting date in YYYY-MM-DD format') parser.add_argument('--todate', '-t', default='2006-12-31', help='Starting date in YYYY-MM-DD format') parser.add_argument('--stake', default=1, type=int, help='Stake to apply in each operation') parser.add_argument('--period', default=30, type=int, help='Period to apply to the Simple Moving Average') parser.add_argument('--cash', default=10000.0, type=float, help='Starting Cash') parser.add_argument('--comm', default=2.0, type=float, help=('Commission factor for operation, either a' 'percentage or a per stake unit absolute value')) parser.add_argument('--mult', default=10, type=int, help='Multiplier for operations calculation') parser.add_argument('--margin', default=2000.0, type=float, help='Margin for futures-like operations') parser.add_argument('--commtype', required=False, default='none', choices=['none', 'perc', 'fixed'], help=('Commission - choose none for the old' ' CommissionInfo behavior')) parser.add_argument('--stocklike', required=False, action='store_true', help=('If the operation is for stock-like assets or' 'future-like assets')) parser.add_argument('--percrel', required=False, action='store_true', help=('If perc is expressed in relative xx% rather' 'than absolute value 0.xx')) parser.add_argument('--plot', '-p', action='store_true', help='Plot the read data') parser.add_argument('--numfigs', '-n', default=1, help='Plot using numfigs figures') return parser.parse_args() if __name__ == '__main__': runstrategy()