【NLP】Datawhale-AI夏令营Day3打卡：Bert模型

outputs = self.bert(**src).last_hidden_state[:, 0, :]
self.predictor(outputs)
self.predictor = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(768, 256),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(256, 1),
            nn.Sigmoid()
        )

#import 相关库
#导入前置依赖
import os
import pandas as pd
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader
# 用于加载bert模型的分词器
from transformers import AutoTokenizer
# 用于加载bert模型
from transformers import BertModel
from pathlib import Path
batch_size = 1
# 文本的最大长度
text_max_length = 128
# 总训练的epochs数
epochs = 10
# 学习率
lr = 3e-5
# 取多少训练集的数据作为验证集
validation_ratio = 0.1
device = torch.device('cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')
# 每多少步，打印一次loss
log_per_step = 50
# 数据集所在位置
dataset_dir = Path("./Dataset")
os.makedirs(dataset_dir) if not os.path.exists(dataset_dir) else ''
# 模型存储路径
model_dir = Path("./model/bert_checkpoints")
# 如果模型目录不存在，则创建一个
os.makedirs(model_dir) if not os.path.exists(model_dir) else ''
print("Device:", device)
# 读取数据集，进行数据处理
pd_train_data = pd.read_csv('./Dataset/train.csv')
pd_train_data['title'] = pd_train_data['title'].fillna('')
pd_train_data['abstract'] = pd_train_data['abstract'].fillna('')
test_data = pd.read_csv('./Dataset/testB.csv')
test_data['title'] = test_data['title'].fillna('')
test_data['abstract'] = test_data['abstract'].fillna('')
pd_train_data['text'] = pd_train_data['title'].fillna('') + ' ' +  pd_train_data['author'].fillna('') + ' ' + pd_train_data['abstract'].fillna('')+ ' ' + pd_train_data['Keywords'].fillna('')
test_data['text'] = test_data['title'].fillna('') + ' ' +  test_data['author'].fillna('') + ' ' + test_data['abstract'].fillna('')+ ' ' + pd_train_data['Keywords'].fillna('')
# 从训练集中随机采样测试集
validation_data = pd_train_data.sample(frac=validation_ratio)
train_data = pd_train_data[~pd_train_data.index.isin(validation_data.index)]
# 构建Dataset
class MyDataset(Dataset):
    def __init__(self, mode='train'):
        super(MyDataset, self).__init__()
        self.mode = mode
        # 拿到对应的数据
        if mode == 'train':
            self.dataset = train_data
        elif mode == 'validation':
            self.dataset = validation_data
        elif mode == 'test':
            # 如果是测试模式，则返回内容和uuid。拿uuid做target主要是方便后面写入结果。
            self.dataset = test_data
        else:
            raise Exception("Unknown mode {}".format(mode))
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        # 取第index条
        data = self.dataset.iloc[index]
        # 取其内容
        text = data['text']
        # 根据状态返回内容
        if self.mode == 'test':
            # 如果是test，将uuid做为target
            label = data['uuid']
        else:
            label = data['label']
        # 返回内容和label
        return text, label
    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.dataset)
train_dataset = MyDataset('train')
validation_dataset = MyDataset('validation')
train_dataset.__getitem__(0)
#获取Bert预训练模型
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
#接着构造我们的Dataloader。
#我们需要定义一下collate_fn，在其中完成对句子进行编码、填充、组装batch等动作：
def collate_fn(batch):
    """
    将一个batch的文本句子转成tensor，并组成batch。
    :param batch: 一个batch的句子，例如: [('推文', target), ('推文', target), ...]
    :return: 处理后的结果，例如：
             src: {'input_ids': tensor([[ 101, ..., 102, 0, 0, ...], ...]), 'attention_mask': tensor([[1, ..., 1, 0, ...], ...])}
             target：[1, 1, 0, ...]
    """
    text, label = zip(*batch)
    text, label = list(text), list(label)
    # src是要送给bert的，所以不需要特殊处理，直接用tokenizer的结果即可
    # padding='max_length' 不够长度的进行填充
    # truncation=True 长度过长的进行裁剪
    src = tokenizer(text, padding='max_length', max_length=text_max_length, return_tensors='pt', truncation=True)
    return src, torch.LongTensor(label)
train_loader = DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True, collate_fn=collate_fn)
validation_loader = DataLoader(validation_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, collate_fn=collate_fn)
inputs, targets = next(iter(train_loader))
print("inputs:", inputs)
print("targets:", targets)
#定义预测模型，该模型由bert模型加上最后的预测层组成
class MyModel(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyModel, self).__init__()
        # 加载bert模型
        self.bert = BertModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased', mirror='tuna')
        # 最后的预测层
        self.predictor = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(768, 256),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(256, 1),
            nn.Sigmoid()
        )
    def forward(self, src):
        """
        :param src: 分词后的推文数据
        """
        # 将src直接序列解包传入bert，因为bert和tokenizer是一套的，所以可以这么做。
        # 得到encoder的输出，用最前面[CLS]的输出作为最终线性层的输入
        outputs = self.bert(**src).last_hidden_state[:, 0, :]
        # 使用线性层来做最终的预测
        return self.predictor(outputs)
model = MyModel()
model = model.to(device)
#定义出损失函数和优化器。这里使用Binary Cross Entropy：
criteria = nn.BCELoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=lr)
# 由于inputs是字典类型的，定义一个辅助函数帮助to(device)
def to_device(dict_tensors):
    result_tensors = {}
    for key, value in dict_tensors.items():
        result_tensors[key] = value.to(device)
    return result_tensors
#定义一个验证方法，获取到验证集的精准率和loss
def validate():
    model.eval()
    total_loss = 0.
    total_correct = 0
    for inputs, targets in validation_loader:
        inputs, targets = to_device(inputs), targets.to(device)
        outputs = model(inputs)
        loss = criteria(outputs.view(-1), targets.float())
        total_loss += float(loss)
        correct_num = (((outputs >= 0.5).float() * 1).flatten() == targets).sum()
        total_correct += correct_num
    return total_correct / len(validation_dataset), total_loss / len(validation_dataset)
if hasattr(torch.cuda, 'empty_cache'):
  torch.cuda.empty_cache()
# 首先将模型调成训练模式
model.train()
# 清空一下cuda缓存
if torch.cuda.is_available():
    torch.cuda.empty_cache()
# 定义几个变量，帮助打印loss
total_loss = 0.
# 记录步数
step = 0
# 记录在验证集上最好的准确率
best_accuracy = 0
# 开始训练
for epoch in range(epochs):
    model.train()
    for i, (inputs, targets) in enumerate(train_loader):
        # 从batch中拿到训练数据
        inputs, targets = to_device(inputs), targets.to(device)
        # 传入模型进行前向传递
        outputs = model(inputs)
        # 计算损失
        loss = criteria(outputs.view(-1), targets.float())
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        total_loss += float(loss)
        step += 1
        if step % log_per_step == 0:
            print("Epoch {}/{}, Step: {}/{}, total loss:{:.4f}".format(epoch+1, epochs, i, len(train_loader), total_loss))
            total_loss = 0
        del inputs, targets
    # 一个epoch后，使用过验证集进行验证
    accuracy, validation_loss = validate()
    print("Epoch {}, accuracy: {:.4f}, validation loss: {:.4f}".format(epoch+1, accuracy, validation_loss))
    torch.save(model, model_dir / f"model_{epoch}.pt")
    # 保存最好的模型
    if accuracy > best_accuracy:
        torch.save(model, model_dir / f"model_best.pt")
        best_accuracy = accuracy
#加载最好的模型，然后进行测试集的预测
model = torch.load(model_dir / f"model_best.pt")
model = model.eval()
test_dataset = MyDataset('test')
test_loader = DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, collate_fn=collate_fn)
results = []
for inputs, ids in test_loader:
    outputs = model(inputs.to(device))
    outputs = (outputs >= 0.5).int().flatten().tolist()
    ids = ids.tolist()
    results = results + [(id, result) for result, id in zip(outputs, ids)]
test_label = [pair[1] for pair in results]
test_data['label'] = test_label
test_data['Keywords'] = test_data['title'].fillna('')
test_data[['uuid', 'Keywords', 'label']].to_csv('submit_task_bert.csv', index=None)