前置条件
- 电脑上装有nvidia显卡
- 已安装显卡驱动
- 安装过驱动支持的cuda和cudnn版本
- 安装gpu版本的tensorflow
以上条件如果不满足，请先参考此篇，安装好显卡驱动，cuda和cudnn。然后pip安装tensorflow_gpu==2.x.x，当导入tensorflow时
>>> import tensorflow as tf D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\numpy\_distributor_init.py:32: UserWarning: loaded more than 1 DLL from .libs: D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\numpy\.libs\libopenblas.PYQHXLVVQ7VESDPUVUADXEVJOBGHJPAY.gfortran-win_amd64.dll D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\numpy\.libs\libopenblas.WCDJNK7YVMPZQ2ME2ZZHJJRJ3JIKNDB7.gfortran-win_amd64.dll stacklevel=1) Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\platform\self_check.py", line 47, in preload_check ctypes.WinDLL(build_info.msvcp_dll_name) File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 348, in __init__ self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode) OSError: [WinError 126] 找不到指定的模块。 During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 98, in <module> from tensorflow_core import * File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\__init__.py", line 40, in <module> from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 50, in __getattr__ module = self._load() File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 44, in _load module = _importlib.import_module(self.__name__) File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\__init__.py", line 49, in <module> from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 30, in <module> self_check.preload_check() File "D:\python36_win_tf\Python36\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\platform\self_check.py", line 55, in preload_check % build_info.msvcp_dll_name) ImportError: Could not find 'msvcp140.dll'. TensorFlow requires that this DLL be installed in a directory that is named in your %PATH% environment variable. You may install this DLL by downloading Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable Update 3 from this URL: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=53587
根据报错信息，缺少c++编译工具的动态库，需安装Visual c++ 2015。因此找官网下载一份，这里提供一个链接
下载下来的镜像里面包含有VisualCppBuildTools_Full.exe
双击安装，只需安装8.1即可。
安装完成后，重新导入，出现新的报错
>>> import tensorflow as tf 2022-10-11 11:12:12.428210: W tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:55] Could not load dynamic library 'cudart64_100.dll'; dlerror: cudart64_100.dll not found >>>
提示找不到cudart64_100.dll这个cuda运行时的库文件，推测是cuda11相对tensorflow2.0版本来说高了。一个讨巧的版本是找到cudart64_110.dll文件，将其复制，并改名，可以去掉错误，但这种方法后续使用时存在隐患。
改名后，再次导入，没有错误，可以正常打印出版本信息
至此，初步完成安装。
