OpenStreetMap的下载地址：Geofabrik Download Server。
OSMCTools的GitHub地址：https://github.com/ramunasd/osmctools
Windows操作系统，可以从 http://m.m.i24.cc/osmconvert_latest.zip 下载osmconvert最新版本的zip文件；也可以从官方网站 http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/osmconvert 下载一个适用于Windows的安装程序进行安装。这两个地址都无法访问，原因不明。本次安装的是 Linux 系统的。
1.Tools
- osmassignpoly
- osmchange - updates an .osm file using one or more .osc files
- osmconvert - reads and converts OSM data to the selected output file format
- osmfilter - filters OSM data
- osmgeobase
- osmposition
- osmrelpoly
- osmupdate - cares about updating an .osm, .o5m or .pbf file
- pbftoosm - converts .pbf file into .osm XML format
2.官网安装步骤
git clone https://github.com/ramunasd/osmctools.git cd osmctools autoreconf --install ./configure make install
3.实际安装步骤
3.1 环境
[root@tcloud ~]# cat /etc/centos-release CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
3.2 步骤
# 1.安装autoconf yum install -y autoconf # 否则会报错 -bash: autoreconf: command not found # 2.安装 automake libtool yum install -y automake libtool # 否则报错 Can't exec "aclocal": No such file or directory at /usr/share/autoconf/Autom4te/FileUtils.pm line 326. autoreconf: failed to run aclocal: No such file or directory
- 从GIT上下载源码
# 1.从GIT上下载源码 git clone https://github.com/ramunasd/osmctools.git
2. 生成 configure 脚本等文件
# 2.生成 configure 脚本等文件 [root@tcloud osmctools-master]# autoreconf --install configure.ac:3: installing './install-sh' configure.ac:3: installing './missing' src/Makefile.am: installing './depcomp'
- 构建环境并生成 Makefile 以及设置编译选项的脚本
# 3.构建环境并生成 Makefile 以及设置编译选项的脚本 [root@tcloud osmctools-master]# ./configure checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p checking for gawk... gawk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes checking whether make supports nested variables... yes checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for style of include used by make... GNU checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3 checking for gzopen in -lz... yes checking that generated files are newer than configure... done configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating src/Makefile config.status: creating include/config.h config.status: executing depfiles commands
# 4.安装 make install [root@tcloud osmctools-master]# make install Making install in src make[1]: Entering directory `/opt/osmctools-master/src' gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmconvert.o -MD -MP -M F .deps/osmconvert.Tpo -c -o osmconvert.o osmconvert.c mv -f .deps/osmconvert.Tpo .deps/osmconvert.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmconvert osmconvert.o -lz gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmfilter.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/osmfilter.Tpo -c -o osmfilter.o osmfilter.c mv -f .deps/osmfilter.Tpo .deps/osmfilter.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmfilter osmfilter.o gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmupdate.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/osmupdate.Tpo -c -o osmupdate.o osmupdate.c mv -f .deps/osmupdate.Tpo .deps/osmupdate.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmupdate osmupdate.o gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmchange.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/osmchange.Tpo -c -o osmchange.o osmchange.c mv -f .deps/osmchange.Tpo .deps/osmchange.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmchange osmchange.o gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT pbftoosm.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/pbftoosm.Tpo -c -o pbftoosm.o pbftoosm.c mv -f .deps/pbftoosm.Tpo .deps/pbftoosm.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o pbftoosm pbftoosm.o -lz gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmrelpoly.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/osmrelpoly.Tpo -c -o osmrelpoly.o osmrelpoly.c mv -f .deps/osmrelpoly.Tpo .deps/osmrelpoly.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmrelpoly osmrelpoly.o gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmassignpoly.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/osmassignpoly.Tpo -c -o osmassignpoly.o osmassignpoly.c mv -f .deps/osmassignpoly.Tpo .deps/osmassignpoly.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmassignpoly osmassignpoly.o gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmgeobase.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/osmgeobase.Tpo -c -o osmgeobase.o osmgeobase.c mv -f .deps/osmgeobase.Tpo .deps/osmgeobase.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmgeobase osmgeobase.o gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../include -march=native -O3 -MT osmposition.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/osmposition.Tpo -c -o osmposition.o osmposition.c mv -f .deps/osmposition.Tpo .deps/osmposition.Po gcc -march=native -O3 -o osmposition osmposition.o make[2]: Entering directory `/opt/osmctools-master/src' /usr/bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/bin' /usr/bin/install -c osmconvert osmfilter osmupdate osmchange pbftoosm osmrelpoly osmassignpoly osmgeobase osmposition '/usr/local/bin' make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-data-am'. make[2]: Leaving directory `/opt/osmctools-master/src' make[1]: Leaving directory `/opt/osmctools-master/src' make[1]: Entering directory `/opt/osmctools-master' make[2]: Entering directory `/opt/osmctools-master' make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-exec-am'. make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-data-am'. make[2]: Leaving directory `/opt/osmctools-master' make[1]: Leaving directory `/opt/osmctools-master'
安装成功后增加的bin文件跟介绍里的一样：
4.工具使用实例
4.1 osmconvert
它是一个用于处理OSM（OpenStreetMap）地图数据的命令行工具。可以将OSM地图文件从一种格式转换成另一种格式，比如OSM XML文件转换成PBF（Protocolbuffer Binary Format）、CSV（Comma Separated Values）等格式，并且可以对地图数据进行筛选、剪切、合并等操作。
# 可以直接输入 osmconvert 根据指引进行文件处理 [root@tcloud ~]# osmconvert osmconvert 0.8.11 Converts .osm, .o5m, .pbf, .osc, .osh files, applies changes of .osc, .o5c, .osh files and sets limiting borders. Use command line option -h to get a parameter overview, or --help to get detailed help. If you are familiar with the command line, press <Return>. If you do not know how to operate the command line, please enter "a" (press key E and hit <Return>).
不同版本的 osmconvert 用法可能不同，常见的用法：
- 查看PBF文件的统计信息
osmconvert china-latest.osm.pbf --out-statistics ----------------------------------------------------------------- timestamp min: 2007-02-27T00:40:13Z timestamp max: 2023-05-16T19:28:11Z lon min: 52.8472761 lon max: 135.6776013 lat min: 4.9997288 lat max: 54.0115689 nodes: 152714910 ways: 11459000 relations: 148001 node id min: 274901 node id max: 10903266309 way id min: 4181592 way id max: 1173486456 relation id min: 2664 relation id max: 15863565 keyval pairs max: 605 keyval pairs max object: relation 270056 noderefs max: 2000 noderefs max object: way 28779814 relrefs max: 8899 relrefs max object: relation 911618 ----------------------------------------------------------------- Finished! Calculation time: 31s.
- 将OSM XML文件转换成PBF格式：
osmconvert input.osm -o=output.pbf
- 将PBF格式的地图文件转换成OSM XML格式：
# pbf格式的文件无法直接查看转换后可直接看数据 osmconvert input.pbf -o=output.osm
- 将PBF格式的地图文件转换成CSV格式：
# 转换成csv文件可以直接导入数据库 osmconvert input.pbf --csv="@id @lon @lat name place" -o=output.csv
- 筛选地图数据中的节点、路线或关系：
osmconvert input.pbf --all-to-nodes -o=output_nodes.osm osmconvert input.pbf --all-to-ways -o=output_ways.osm osmconvert input.pbf --all-to-relations -o=output_relations.osm
- 对地图数据进行剪切或合并：
osmconvert input1.osm input2.osm -o=output_combined.osm
# -b=经度最小值,纬度最小值,经度最大值,纬度最大值 osmconvert input.pbf -b=-122.6,45.4,-122.3,45.6 --complete-ways -o=output_bbox.osm
如何获取边界数据呢？这里提供一种方式，使用GIS工具QGIS【其他工具应该也是可以的】查看：
使用要素导出获取画布范围的座标信息：
# 较大的pbf文件使用参数--hash-memory="XXXM"来增加哈希表的大小 # 否则报错 "Hash size had to be reduced." # 测试剪切郑州市的数据【西南东北】 osmconvert china-latest.osm.pbf -b=112.621514332,34.241174295,114.294626906,34.994721475 --hash-memory="2048M" --complete-ways --out-pbf -o=zhengzhou-latest.osm.pbf
文件大小从980.58MB->5.23MB统计一下剪切后的文件：
[root@node178 /opt/omsctools]$ osmconvert zhengzhou-latest.osm.pbf --out-statistics timestamp min: 2009-01-04T08:29:32Z timestamp max: 2023-05-16T18:42:30Z lon min: 98.4340096 lon max: 121.3549585 lat min: 31.1094074 lat max: 39.6300194 nodes: 846199 ways: 86574 relations: 1638 node id min: 244078483 node id max: 10903000445 way id min: 30896261 way id max: 1173456169 relation id min: 170266 relation id max: 15863565 keyval pairs max: 605 keyval pairs max object: relation 270056 noderefs max: 1987 noderefs max object: way 643962897 relrefs max: 6360 relrefs max object: relation 170266
更多命令和参数可通过 help 查询：
# 使用 help 查看可执行的命令 [root@tcloud ~]# osmconvert --help Examples ./osmconvert europe.pbf --drop-author >europe.osm ./osmconvert europe.pbf |gzip >europe.osm.gz bzcat europe.osm.bz2 |./osmconvert --out-pbf >europe.pbf ./osmconvert europe.pbf -B=ch.poly >switzerland.osm ./osmconvert switzerland.osm --out-o5m >switzerland.o5m ./osmconvert june_july.osc --out-o5c >june_july.o5c ./osmconvert june.o5m june_july.o5c.gz --out-o5m >july.o5m ./osmconvert sep.osm sep_oct.osc oct_nov.osc >nov.osm ./osmconvert northamerica.osm southamerica.osm >americas.osm
4.2 osmfilter
osmfilter是一个用于处理OpenStreetMap (OSM)数据文件的命令行工具。它可以帮助您从大型OSM数据文件中提取特定的地理数据，进行过滤和转换操作。
以下是一些常见的用法示例：
- 过滤数据：
osmfilter input.osm --keep="highway=motorway" -o=output.osm
上述命令将从input.osm文件中保留所有highway=motorway标签的元素，并将结果保存到output.osm文件中。
- 组合多个条件：
osmfilter input.osm --keep="highway=motorway =trunk" -o=output.osm
上述命令将保留所有同时满足highway=motorway和highway=trunk条件的元素。
- 使用地理边界进行过滤：
osmfilter input.osm --bounding-box=left,bottom,right,top -o=output.osm
上述命令将根据指定的地理边界框过滤数据。您需要将left、bottom、right和top替换为实际的经度和纬度坐标。
- 过滤指定的节点、路径和区域：
osmfilter input.osm --keep-nodes="amenity=restaurant" --keep-ways="highway=primary" --keep-relations="type=boundary" -o=output.osm
上述命令将保留具有amenity=restaurant标签的节点，highway=primary标签的路径，以及type=boundary标签的区域。
这些只是osmfilter的一些基本用法示例，它还提供了其他功能和选项，例如属性过滤、标签转换、地理位置计算等。您可以查阅osmfilter的官方文档以获取更详细的信息和更多用法示例。
