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JDBC模板是Spring对数据库的操作再JDBC基础上做了封装，建立了一个JDBC存取框架，在Spring Boot应用中，如果使用JdbcTemplate操作数据库，那么只需要在pom.xml文件中添加spring-boot-starter-jdbc模块，即可通过@Autowired注解依赖注入JdbcTemplate对象，然后调用JdbcTemplate提供的方法操作数据库
下面通过实例讲解如何在Spring Boot应用中使用JdbcTemplate操作数据库
1：创建Spring Boot Web应用
此处不再赘述 详情可参考我这篇博客快速构建Spring Boot应用
2：修改pom.xml文件
在文件中添加MYSQL连接器和spring-boot-starter-jdbc模块 具体代码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> -<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.ch</groupId> <artifactId>ch6_5</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>ch6_5</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> -<properties> <java.version>11</java.version> </properties> -<dependencies> -<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 添加MySQL依赖 --> -<dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.45</version> <!-- MySQL8.x时，请使用8.x的连接器 --> </dependency> <!-- 添加jdbc依赖 --> -<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> -<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> -<build> -<plugins> -<plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3：设置Web应用的上下文路径以及数据源配置信息
在application.properties文件中配置如下内容
server.servlet.context-path=/ch6_5 ### ##数据源信息配置 ### #数据库地址 spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springbootjpa?characterEncoding=utf8 #数据库MySQL为8.x时，url为jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springbootjpa?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Beijing&characterEncoding=utf-8 #数据库用户名 spring.datasource.username=root #数据库密码 spring.datasource.password=root #数据库驱动 spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #数据库MySQL为8.x时，驱动类为com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.jackson.serialization.indent-output=true #让控制器输出的JSON字符串格式更美观
4：创建实体类
创建名为com.ch.ch6_5.entity的包 并在该包中出啊关键MyUser实体类 代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_5.entity; public class MyUser { private Integer id; private String username; private String password; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }
5：创建数据访问层
创建名为com.ch.ch6_5.repository的包 并创建接口和其实现类
接口代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_5.repository; import java.util.List; import com.ch.ch6_5.entity.MyUser; public interface MyUserRepository { public int saveUser(MyUser myUser); public int deleteUser(Integer id); public int updateUser(MyUser myUser); public List<MyUser> findAll(); public MyUser findUserById(Integer id); }
实现类代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_5.repository; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.ch.ch6_5.entity.MyUser; @Repository public class MyUserRepositoryImpl implements MyUserRepository{ @Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Override public int saveUser(MyUser myUser) { String sql = "insert into user (username, password) values (?,?)"; Object args[] = { myUser.getUsername(), myUser.getPassword() }; return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args); } @Override public int deleteUser(Integer id) { String sql = "delete from user where id = ? "; Object args[] = { id }; return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args); } @Override public int updateUser(MyUser myUser) { String sql = "update user set username = ?, password = ? where id = ? "; Object args[] = { myUser.getUsername(), myUser.getPassword(), myUser.getId() }; return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args);
6：创建业务层
创建名为com.ch.ch6_5.service的包 并创建接口和实现类
接口代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_5.service; import java.util.List; import com.ch.ch6_5.entity.MyUser; public interface MyUserService { public int saveUser(MyUser myUser); public int deleteUser(Integer id); public int updateUser(MyUser myUser); public List<MyUser> findAll(); public MyUser findUserById(Integer id); }
实现类代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_5.service; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.ch.ch6_5.entity.MyUser; import com.ch.ch6_5.repository.MyUserRepository; @Service public class MyUserServiceImpl implements MyUserService{ @Autowired private MyUserRepository myUserRepository; @Override public int saveUser(MyUser myUser) { public List<MyUser> findAll() { return myUserRepository.findAll(); } @Override public MyUser findUserById(Integer id) { return myUserRepository.findUserById(id); } }
7：创建控制器类
创建名为com.ch.ch6_5.controller的包 并创建MyUserController控制器类
代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_5.controller; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; im public int updateUser(MyUser myUser) { return myUserService.updateUser(myUser); } @RequestMapping("/findAll") public List<MyUser> findAll(){ return myUserService.findAll(); } @RequestMapping("/findUserById") public MyUser findUserById(Integer id) { return myUserService.findUserById(id); } }
接下来运行Ch65Application主类然后访问http://localhost:8080/ch6_5即可
