Docker教程
1. 查看系统中是否已经安装好了 docker , 输入 docker -v , 如果没有安装先进行 docker 安装，下面为 docker 17.06 版本
gyw@gyw:~$ docker -v Docker version 17.06.0-ce, build 02c1d87
2. 进入项目根目录，运行 docker run -ti --rm --name TestProject -p 8081:8081 -p 5000:5000 -v $(pwd):/workspace sgdockerfilebox/project_cpu bash 命令，进入容器，效果如下
gyw@gyw:~/Desktop/code/project/TestProject$ docker run -ti --rm --name TestProject -p 8081:8081 -p 5000:5000 -v $(pwd):/workspace sgdockerfilebox/project_cpu bash gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/$ ls bin dev home lib64 mnt proc root sbin srv tmp var boot etc lib media opt project run src sys usr workspace
3. 进入前端项目根目录，执行 npm run dev 运行前端程序，效果如下
gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/$ cd workspace/ gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/workspace$ ls Dockerfile Dockerfile_cpu Makefile.sh README.TestProject src gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/workspace$ cd src gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/workspace/src$ ls backend frontend gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/workspace/src$ cd frontend/ gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/workspace/src/frontend$ npm run dev > TestProject@1.0.0 dev /workspace/src/frontend > node build/dev-server.js Dev server listening at http://localhost:8081 ... webpack: Compiled successfully.
4. 重新打开一个命令窗口，执行 docker exec -ti TestProject bash 进入已经启动的容器环境，进入后端根目录，执行 python3 TestProject_server.py 运行后端程序
gyw@gyw:~$ docker exec -ti TestProject bash gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/$ ls bin dev home lib64 mnt proc root sbin srv tmp var boot etc lib media opt project run src sys usr workspace gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/$ cd workspace/src/backend/ gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/workspace/src/backend$ python3 TestProject_server.py Using TensorFlow backend. * Running on http://0.0.0.0:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
5. 停止程序，使用快捷键 Ctrl + c ，退出容器，使用 exit ，例如前端退出效果
... webpack: Compiled successfully. ^C gg-ai@448a6dc3f155:/workspace/src/frontend$ exit exit gyw@gyw:~/Desktop/code/project/TestProject$
查看运行的容器列表
docker ps
查看所有容器，包括已经停止的容器
docker ps -a
移除一个或多个容器
docker rm
删除镜像
docker rmi id
默认构建当前文件夹下的Dockerfile
docker build -t e2e:v1 .
搜索镜像
docker search image
启动一个或多个停止的容器
docker start [option] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
停止一个或多个运行的容器
docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
在正在运行的容器中执行命令
docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]
以交互形式进入一个运行的容器
docker exec -it container bash
运行一个容器，并进入交互模式
docker run -ti --name wewo -v $(pwd):/workspace sgdockerfilebox/wewo_cpu:v1 bash
进入运行状态的 docker 交互界面
docker attach dockerName
退出交互界面快捷键，但不停止
ctrl + shift + p + qctrl + p + q
退出交互界面，但不停止
exit
将容器的文件系统导出为tar存档
docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER eg. docker export node-env > node-env-1.tar docker export --output="node-env-1.tar" node-env
导入 tar 文件创建新镜像
docker import [OPTIONS] file|URL|- [REPOSITORY[:TAG]] eg. docker import node-env-1.tar node-1
运行容器，指定 ip 形式
docker run -it --name frontend -p 23006:23006 -p 8081:8081 -p 23002:23002 -p 3000:3000 -p 23007:23007 -p 23005:23005 -v $(pwd):/workspace 172.16.10.10:5000/sg-ai/node:v9.2.1 bash
docker 修改 repository 名称 docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG] (这里是 tag 复制)
$ docker tag --help Usage: docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG] Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
获取容器日志
docker logs CONTAINER
查看 Docker 容器信息,返回 json 格式信息
docker inspect CONTAINER
上传容器到私有仓库 (注意一个协议问题，如果服务器限制http协议上传，那么本次上传到服务器会出现)
docker push
$ docker tag node:latest 172.16.10.10:5000/node-10.12.0:v1 $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 172.16.10.10:5000/node-10.12.0 v1 a2b9536415c2 3 weeks ago 674MB $ docker tag node:latest 172.16.10.10:5000/node-10.12.0:v1 $ docker push 172.16.10.10:5000/node-10.12.0:v1 The push refers to repository [172.16.10.10:5000/node-10.12.0] 0d2922b53ccb: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 c6af84086075: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 fae583f1d4e5: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 9d22e51f0c6d: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 58b8d417193d: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 704a8634956f: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 05f0b6bcfa5c: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 0972cc82b682: Mounted from node-yarn-1.10.1 v1: digest: sha256:65b285a4a7a5eae3de7b7fbf935e6b6c2aa529b601a0e96671bd65f4b43a8d72 size: 2007
在服务器部署前端工程出现的问题
在前端工程目录下执行 docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/root/projects_123/frontend node-10.12.0 yarn install 命令后没出现 node_modules 文件夹
[frontend]$ ls babel.config.js package.json package-lock.json postcss.config.js public README.md src yarn.lock [frontend]$ docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/root/projects_123/frontend node-10.12.0 yarn install yarn install v1.10.1 info No lockfile found. [1/4] Resolving packages... [2/4] Fetching packages... [3/4] Linking dependencies... [4/4] Building fresh packages... success Saved lockfile. Done in 0.08s. [frontend]$ ls babel.config.js package.json package-lock.json postcss.config.js public README.md src yarn.lock
解决方式
使用 -w 参数，指定 yarn install 命名在容器内容的工作目录
[frontend]$ docker run --help Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...] Run a command in a new container Options: -w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container ... [frontend]$ docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/root/projects_123/frontend -w /root/projects_123/frontend node-10.12.0:v1 yarn install yarn install v1.10.1 warning package-lock.json found. Your project contains lock files generated by tools other than Yarn. It is advised not to mix package managers in order to avoid resolution inconsistencies caused by unsynchronized lock files. To clear this warning, remove package-lock.json. [1/4] Resolving packages... [2/4] Fetching packages... info fsevents@1.2.4: The platform "linux" is incompatible with this module. info "fsevents@1.2.4" is an optional dependency and failed compatibility check. Excluding it from installation. [3/4] Linking dependencies... warning "@vue/cli-plugin-babel > babel-loader@8.0.4" has incorrect peer dependency "@babel/core@^7.0.0". warning "@vue/cli-plugin-babel > babel-loader@8.0.4" has unmet peer dependency "webpack@>=2". warning "@vue/cli-plugin-eslint > eslint-loader@2.1.1" has unmet peer dependency "webpack@>=2.0.0 <5.0.0". warning "@vue/cli-plugin-pwa > workbox-webpack-plugin@3.6.3" has unmet peer dependency "webpack@^2.0.0 || ^3.0.0 || ^4.0.0". warning "@vue/eslint-config-standard > eslint-config-standard@12.0.0" has unmet peer dependency "eslint@>=5.0.0". warning "@vue/eslint-config-standard > eslint-config-standard@12.0.0" has incorrect peer dependency "eslint-plugin-node@>=7.0.0". warning "@vue/eslint-config-standard > eslint-config-standard@12.0.0" has incorrect peer dependency "eslint-plugin-promise@>=4.0.0". warning "@vue/eslint-config-standard > eslint-config-standard@12.0.0" has incorrect peer dependency "eslint-plugin-standard@>=4.0.0". warning "@vue/eslint-config-standard > eslint-plugin-import@2.14.0" has unmet peer dependency "eslint@2.x - 5.x". warning "@vue/eslint-config-standard > eslint-plugin-node@6.0.1" has unmet peer dependency "eslint@>=3.1.0". warning "@vue/eslint-config-standard > eslint-plugin-standard@3.1.0" has unmet peer dependency "eslint@>=3.19.0". [4/4] Building fresh packages... Done in 42.71s. [frontend]$ ls babel.config.js node_modules package.json package-lock.json postcss.config.js public README.md src yarn.lock
