前言
Clonable 接口
克隆方法代码的实现
//1.当类要调用克隆方法时,这个类要实现一个Cloneable接口 class Student implements Cloneable{ public String name; public int age; public Student(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + '}'; } //2.类要重写克隆方法时,调用克隆方法 @Override protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { return super.clone(); } } public class Test { //3.当类要调用克隆方法时,要在main方法后面添加throws CloneNotSupportedException(声明异常) public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException{ Student student = new Student("zhangsan",10); System.out.println(student); //克隆一个跟Student一样的对象 Student student1 = (Student) student.clone();//4.返回值是Object,父类给子类会报错,要强转成子类,向下转型 System.out.println(student1); } }
总结:
1.当类要调用克隆方法时,这个类要implements Cloneable接口
2.在类里面要重写克隆方法
3.要在main方法后面添加 throws CloneNotSupportedException(声明异常)
4.实例化克隆对象时,因为重写方法的返回值是Object,父类给子类会报错,所以要强转成子类
浅拷贝
被克隆对象和克隆对象引用变量的内容是一样的,存储的地址也一样,当变量的值改变了,克隆对象和被克隆对象的引用指向的还是同一个。
所以浅拷贝就是,被克隆对象引用谁,克隆对象就引用谁。
类似于小时候大家基本都经历过的两个孩子看电视抢一个遥控器,孩子1要看哪个台,孩子2就必须看哪个台。
class Money{ public double m = 19.9; } class Student implements Cloneable{ public String name; public int age; //在Student类中实例化money,以便Student调用 Money money = new Money(); public Student(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + '}'; } @Override protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { return super.clone(); } } public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException{ Student student = new Student("张三",10); Student student1 = (Student) student.clone(); System.out.println("student "+student.money.m); System.out.println("student1 "+student1.money.m); System.out.println("=============="); student.money.m=99.9; System.out.println("student "+student.money.m); System.out.println("student1 "+student1.money.m); } }
解析图:
深拷贝
把被克隆对象引用的对象再克隆一份出来,让克隆的对象引用。
当被克隆对象引用的对象改变了,克隆的对象引用的对象还是原来的值。
就是两个孩子看电视一人一个遥控器,孩子1转台不会影响孩子2
class Money implements Cloneable{ public double m = 19.9; @Override protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { return super.clone(); } } class Student implements Cloneable{ public String name; public int age; //在Student类中实例化money,以便Student调用 Money money = new Money(); public Student(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + '}'; } @Override protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { Student tmp = (Student)super.clone(); tmp.money = (Money) this.money.clone(); return tmp; } } public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException{ Student student = new Student("张三",10); Student student1 = (Student) student.clone(); System.out.println("student "+student.money.m); System.out.println("student1 "+student1.money.m); System.out.println("=============="); student.money.m=99.9; System.out.println("student "+student.money.m); System.out.println("student1 "+student1.money.m); }
解析图:
总结
再次学了浅拷贝和深拷贝,比上一次思路清晰多了,浅拷贝的原理和代码较容易理解,深拷贝的原理和代码较复杂,理解得还不够深入,需多看几遍巩固。
今晚脑子有点乱,希望我也能轻舟已过万重山。