RabbitMQ服务端使用并发式语言erlang编写
- 创建
ERLANG_HOME环境变量
- 验证erlang安装
输入
erl出现erlang的版本信息表示erlang语言环境安装成功
默认安装目录：
C:/Program Files/....，这个目录中是存在空格符的RabbitMQ安装目录最好不要有空格，可以改变安装目录
- 启动RabbitMQ
- 进入RabbitMQ的安装目录: cd rabbitmq_server-3.5.2
- 启动服务：sbin\rabbitmq-service start
验证RabbitMQ安装：sbin\rabbitmqctl status , 如果出现以下日志，说明安装成功，并且RabbitMQ Server已经启动运行正常。
C:\Program Files\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.6.5\sbin>rabbitmqctl status Status of node 'rabbit@Lifeix-pc' ... [{pid,9788}, {running_applications,[{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.6.5"}, {mnesia,"MNESIA CXC 138 12","4.12.1"}, {os_mon,"CPO CXC 138 46","2.2.15"}, {rabbit_common,[],"3.6.5"}, {xmerl,"XML parser","1.3.7"}, {ranch,"Socket acceptor pool for TCP protocols.", "1.2.1"}, {sasl,"SASL CXC 138 11","2.4"}, {stdlib,"ERTS CXC 138 10","2.1"}, {kernel,"ERTS CXC 138 10","3.0.1"}]}, {os,{win32,nt}}, {erlang_version,"Erlang/OTP 17 [erts-6.1] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [async-threads:64]\n"}, {memory,[{total,48083008}, {connection_readers,0}, {connection_writers,0}, {connection_channels,0}, {connection_other,0}, {queue_procs,2704}, {queue_slave_procs,0}, {plugins,0}, {other_proc,22122752}, {mnesia,61640}, {mgmt_db,0}, {msg_index,51952}, {other_ets,979696}, {binary,23264}, {code,19851942}, {atom,711569}, {other_system,4277489}]}, {alarms,[]}, {listeners, [{clustering,25672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"0.0.0.0"}]}, {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4}, {vm_memory_limit,6851372646}, {disk_free_limit,50000000}, {disk_free,1131212800}, {file_descriptors,[{total_limit,8092}, {total_used,2}, {sockets_limit,7280}, {sockets_used,0}]}
- 安装 RabbitMQ-Plugins
相当于管理界面，方便在浏览器界面查看RabbitMQ各个消息队列以及exchange的工作情况
- 进入rabbitmq的sbin目录
- 输入：rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management 命令，稍等会出现plugins安装成功的提示，默认是安装6个插件
- 如果出现了下面的错误：
解决方法：
1. 命令行输入：
sbin\rabbitmq-service stop停止服务2. 输入
sbin\rabbitmq-service remove3. 输入
sbin\rabbitmq-service install安装服务4. 输入
sbin\rabbitmq-service start启动服务5. 重新输入
sbin\rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
- 验证
插件安装完后，在浏览器输入
http://localhost:15672验证
用户名：guest，密码：guest
RabbitMQ中涉及到的几个概念
- producer：消息生产者
- consumer：消息消费者
- virtual host：虚拟主机
在RabbitMQ中，用户只能在虚拟主机的层面上进行一些权限设置，比如我可以访问哪些队列，我可以处理哪些请求等等；
- broker：消息转发者
- 转发规则
- exchange：交换机
和producer直接进行打交道的，类似于路由器的功能，主要就是进行转发操作，producer到底用哪个exchange进行路由？取决于routing key(路由键)，每个消息都有这个键（可以设定）其实就是一字符串
- queue：消息队列
用于存放消息，接收exchange路由过来的消息，可以对队列内容进行持久化操作，queue接收哪个exchange路由的消息？需要用到binding key(绑定键)，绑定键会将队列和exchange进行绑定，RabbitMQ提供了多种绑定方式
- 这些概念间的关系
RabbitMQ简单使用
producer(生产者)端步骤：
- 创建ConnectionFactory，设置一些参数，如hostname,portNumber等
- 利用ConnectionFactory创建一个Connection连接
- 利用Connection创建一个Channel通道
- 创建queue和Channel进行绑定
- 创建消息，发送到队列中
注意，当前没有用到exchange交换机，我们没有创建exchange时，RabbitMQ会创建一个默认的空字符串（exchange）并使用这个exchange
public class Sender { private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "MyQueue"; public static void main(String[] args) { send(); } public static void send() { ConnectionFactory factory = null; Connection connection = null; Channel channel = null; try { factory = new ConnectionFactory(); factory.setHost("localhost"); connection = factory.newConnection(); channel = connection.createChannel(); channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); String message = "my first message ....."; channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes("UTF-8")); System.out.println("已经发送消息....."+message); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (TimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { //关闭资源 channel.close(); connection.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (TimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
consumer(消费者)端步骤：
- 创建ConnectionFactory，设置参数，如hostname,portNumber等
- 利用ConnectionFactory创建一个Connection连接
- 利用Connection创建一个Channel通道
- 将queue和Channel进行绑定
注意这里的queue名字要和前面producer创建的queue一致
- 创建消费者Consumer来接收消息，同时将消费者和queue进行绑定
public class Receiver { private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "MyQueue"; public static void main(String[] args) { receive(); } public static void receive() { ConnectionFactory factory = null; Connection connection = null; Channel channel = null; try { factory = new ConnectionFactory(); factory.setHost("localhost"); connection = factory.newConnection(); channel = connection.createChannel(); channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){ @Override public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException { System.out.println("11111111111"); String message = new String(body, "UTF-8"); System.out.println("收到消息....."+message); }}; channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true,consumer); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (TimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { //关闭资源 channel.close(); connection.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (TimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
