Netty中,通讯的双方建立连接后,会把数据按照ByteBuf的方式进行传输。
例如http协议中,就是通过HttpRequestDecoder
对ByteBuf
数据流进行处理,转换成http的对象。基于这个思路,我自定义一种通讯协议:Server和客户端直接传输java对象。
实现的原理是通过Encoder
把java对象转换成ByteBuf流
进行传输,通过Decoder
把ByteBuf
转换成java对象
进行处理,处理逻辑如下图所示:
定义发送:EchoOutHandler
public class EchoOutHandler extends ChannelOutboundHandlerAdapter { @Override public void write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) throws Exception { super.write(ctx, msg, promise); } }
定义接收:EchoInHandler
public class EchoInHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { System.out.println("in1"); ctx.fireChannelRead(msg); } @Override public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { ctx.flush();//刷新后才将数据发出到SocketChannel } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close(); } }
调用:
public class EchoServer { private final int port; public EchoServer(int port) { this.port = port; } public void start() throws Exception { EventLoopGroup eventLoopGroup = null; try { //server端引导类 ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); //连接池处理数据 eventLoopGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); serverBootstrap.group(eventLoopGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)//指定通道类型为NioServerSocketChannel,一种异步模式,OIO阻塞模式为OioServerSocketChannel .localAddress("localhost",port)//设置InetSocketAddress让服务器监听某个端口已等待客户端连接。 .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<Channel>() {//设置childHandler执行所有的连接请求 @Override protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoInHandler()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoOutHandler()); } }); // 最后绑定服务器等待直到绑定完成,调用sync()方法会阻塞直到服务器完成绑定,然后服务器等待通道关闭,因为使用sync(),所以关闭操作也会被阻塞。 ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind().sync(); System.out.println("开始监听,端口为:" + channelFuture.channel().localAddress()); channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { eventLoopGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { new EchoServer(20000).start(); } }