Maven之多模块打包成一个jar包及assembly

一、多模块打包

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"  
3.          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
5.     <parent>  
6.         <artifactId>whatsmars-parent</artifactId>  
7.         <groupId>com.itlong</groupId>  
8.         <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>  
9.     </parent>  
10.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
11.   
12.     <artifactId>earth</artifactId>  
13.     <packaging>jar</packaging>  
14.     <name>${project.artifactId}</name>  
15.     <description>The all in one project of whatsmars-earth</description>  
16.     <properties>  
17.         <skip_maven_deploy>false</skip_maven_deploy>  
18.     </properties>  
19.   
20.     <dependencies>  
21.         <dependency>  
22.             <groupId>com.itlong</groupId>  
23.             <artifactId>whatsmars-common</artifactId>  
24.             <version>${project.parent.version}</version>  
25.         </dependency>  
26.         <dependency>  
27.             <groupId>com.itlong</groupId>  
28.             <artifactId>whatsmars-earth-domain</artifactId>  
29.             <version>${project.parent.version}</version>  
30.         </dependency>  
31.         <dependency>  
32.             <groupId>com.itlong</groupId>  
33.             <artifactId>whatsmars-earth-dao</artifactId>  
34.             <version>${project.parent.version}</version>  
35.         </dependency>  
36.         <dependency>  
37.             <groupId>com.itlong</groupId>  
38.             <artifactId>whatsmars-earth-service</artifactId>  
39.             <version>${project.parent.version}</version>  
40.         </dependency>  
41.     </dependencies>  
42.   
43.     <build>  
44.         <plugins>  
45.             <plugin>  
46.                 <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>  
47.                 <executions>  
48.                     <execution>  
49.                         <id>attach-sources</id>  
50.                         <phase>none</phase>  
51.                     </execution>  
52.                 </executions>  
53.             </plugin>  
54.             <plugin>  
55.                 <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>  
56.                 <executions>  
57.                     <execution>  
58.                         <id>attach-javadoc</id>  
59.                         <phase>deploy</phase>  
60.                         <goals>  
61.                             <goal>jar</goal>  
62.                         </goals>  
63.                     </execution>  
64.                 </executions>  
65.                 <configuration>  
66.                     <show>public</show>  
67.                     <charset>UTF-8</charset>  
68.                     <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  
69.                     <docencoding>UTF-8</docencoding>  
70.                     <excludePackageNames>com.itlong.com.*</excludePackageNames>  
71.                     <links>  
72.                         <link>http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api</link>  
73.                     </links>  
74.                 </configuration>  
75.             </plugin>  
76.             <plugin>  
77.                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
78.                 <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>  
79.                 <version>1.4</version>  
80.                 <executions>  
81.                     <execution>  
82.                         <phase>package</phase>  
83.                         <goals>  
84.                             <goal>shade</goal>  
85.                         </goals>  
86.                         <configuration>  
87.                             <createSourcesJar>false</createSourcesJar>  
88.                             <promoteTransitiveDependencies>true</promoteTransitiveDependencies>  
89.                             <artifactSet>  
90.                                 <includes>  
91. <!-- 这里只是随便拿了几个模块来作为例子，实际上如下模块是不应该打包在一起的 -->  
92.                                     <include>com.itlong:whatsmars-common</include>  
93.                                     <include>com.itlong:whatsmars-earth-domain</include>  
94.                                     <include>com.itlong:whatsmars-earth-dao</include>  
95.                                     <include>com.itlong:whatsmars-earth-service</include>  
96.                                 </includes>  
97.                             </artifactSet>  
98.                             <transformers>  
99.   
100.                             </transformers>  
101.                         </configuration>  
102.                     </execution>  
103.                 </executions>  
104.             </plugin>  
105.         </plugins>  
106.     </build>  
107.   
108. </project>  

 二、assembly

你是否想要创建一个包含脚本、配置文件以及所有运行时所依赖的元素（jar）Assembly插件能帮你构建一个完整的发布包。

Assembly插件会生成 “assemblies”， 此特性等同于的Maven 1 distribution plug-in.。该插件不仅支持创建二进制归档文件，也支持创建源码归档文件。这些assemblies定义在一个assembly描述符文件里。你可以选择自定义assembly描述符或者直接使用插件自带的三个预定义描述符中的任何一个.

目前Assembly插件支持如下格式的归档文件:

• zip
• tar.gz
• tar.bz2
• jar
• dir
• war
• and any other format that the ArchiveManager has been configured for

Maven 2上使用assembly的简单步骤:

• 从预定义描述符里选择一个或者自己编写一个assembly描述符号。
• 工程的pom.xml里配置Assembly插件。
• 在工程根目录下运行”mvn assembly:assembly”命令 。

如何自定义assembly描述符，详见Assembly Descriptor Format.

什么是Assembly?

“assembly”是把一组文件、目录、依赖元素组装成一个归档文件. 比如, 假设一个 Maven project定义了一个JAR artifact，它包含控制台应用程序和Swing应用程序 。这样一个工程可以定义两套包含描述符，一套给给控制台应用，另一套给Swing应用程序，它们包含各自的脚本、目录和依赖。

Assembly Plugin的描述符可以定义任何一个文件或者目录归档方式。举个例子，如果的你的Maven 2工程包含”src/main/bin”这个目录，你可以指示Assembly插件复制“src/main/bin”目录下所有的文件到bin目录里（归档文件里的目录），并且可以修改它们的权限属性（UNIX mode）。见 assembly descriptor.

The Maven Assembly Plugin

Maven 2.0的Assembly插件目的是提供一个把工程依赖元素、模块、网站文档等其他文件存放到单个归档文件里。

使用任何一个预定义的描述符你可以轻松的构建一个发布包。这些描述符能处理一些常用的操作,如：把依赖的元素的归档到一个jar文件. 当然, 你可以自定义描述符来更灵活的控制依赖，模块，文件的归档方式。

maven-assembly-plugin : 是maven中针对打包任务而提供的标准插件

(1)、在pom.xml 文件里面的配置说明

Java代码  

1. <plugin>  
2.     <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>  
3.     <executions>  <!--执行器 mvn assembly:assembly-->  
4.         <execution>  
5.             <id>make-zip</id><!--名字任意 -->    
6.         <phase>package</phase><!-- 绑定到package生命周期阶段上 -->    
7.         <goals>    
8.            <goal>single</goal><!-- 只运行一次 -->    
9.         </goals>    
10.             <configuration>  
11.                      <descriptors> <!--描述文件路径-->  
12.                           <descriptor>src/main/resources/zip.xml</descriptor>  
13.                     </descriptors>  
14.             </configuration>  
15.         </execution>  
16.     </executions>  
17.  </plugin>  

(2)、zip.xml 文件配置如下

Xml代码  

1. <assembly  
2.     xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.0.xsd">  
5.     <id>release</id>  
6.     <formats>  
7.         <format>zip</format>  
8.     </formats>  
9.     <fileSets>  
10.         <fileSet>  
11.             <directory>${project.basedir}\src\main\config</directory>  
12.             <!-- 过滤 -->  
13.             <excludes>  
14.                 <exclude>*.xml</exclude>  
15.             </excludes>  
16.             <outputDirectory>\</outputDirectory>  
17.         </fileSet>  
18.     </fileSets>  
19.       
20.     <dependencySets>  
21.         <dependencySet>  
22.             <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>  
23.             <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory><!-- 将scope为runtime的依赖包打包到lib目录下。 -->  
24.             <scope>runtime</scope>  
25.         </dependencySet>  
26.     </dependencySets>  
27. </assembly>  

 (3)、zip.xml 格式属性说明

打包的文件格式
可以有：tar.zip war zip
<formats>
 <format>zip</format>
</formats>

需要打包的路径
<directory>${project.basedir}</directory>

打包后输出的路径
<outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>

打包需要包含的文件

 <excludes>
        <exclude>junit:junit</exclude>
        <exclude>commons-lang:commons-lang</exclude>
        <exclude>commons-logging:commons-logging</exclude>
</excludes>

当前项目构件是否包含在这个依赖集合里。

<useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>

依赖包打包到目录下
<dependencySets>
  <dependencySet>
   <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory><!-- 将scope为runtime的依赖包打包到lib目录下。 -->
   <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
   <scope>runtime</scope>
  </dependencySet>
</dependencySets>

原文链接：[http://wely.iteye.com/blog/2304825]