Harbor简介：
Harbor是一个用于存储和分发Docker镜像的企业级Registry服务器，通过添加一些企业必需的功能特性，例如安全、标识和管理等，扩展了开源Docker Distribution。作为一个企业级私有Registry服务器，Harbor提供了更好的性能和安全。提升用户使用Registry构建和运行环境传输镜像的效率。Harbor支持安装在多个Registry节点的镜像资源复制，镜像全部保存在私有Registry中， 确保数据和知识产权在公司内部网络中管控。另外，Harbor也提供了高级的安全特性，诸如用户管理，访问控制和活动审计等。
Harbor特性：
基于角色的访问控制 ：用户与Docker镜像仓库通过“项目”进行组织管理，一个用户可以对多个镜像仓库在同一命名空间（project）里有不同的权限。
镜像复制 ：镜像可以在多个Registry实例中复制（同步）。尤其适合于负载均衡，高可用，混合云和多云的场景。
图形化用户界面 ：用户可以通过浏览器来浏览，检索当前Docker镜像仓库，管理项目和命名空间。
AD/LDAP 支持 ：Harbor可以集成企业内部已有的AD/LDAP，用于鉴权认证管理。
审计管理 ：所有针对镜像仓库的操作都可以被记录追溯，用于审计管理。
国际化 ：已拥有英文、中文、德文、日文和俄文的本地化版本。更多的语言将会添加进来。
RESTful API ：RESTful API 提供给管理员对于Harbor更多的操控, 使得与其它管理软件集成变得更容易。
部署简单 ：提供在线和离线两种安装工具， 也可以安装到vSphere平台(OVA方式)虚拟设备。
Harbor组件：
Harbor在架构上主要由6个组件构成：
- Proxy：Harbor的registry, UI, token等服务，通过一个前置的反向代理统一接收浏览器、Docker客户端的请求，并将请求转发给后端不同的服务。
- Registry：负责储存Docker镜像，并处理docker push/pull 命令。由于我们要对用户进行访问控制，即不同用户对Docker image有不同的读写权限，Registry会指向一个token服务，强制用户的每次docker pull/push请求都要携带一个合法的token, Registry会通过公钥对token 进行解密验证。
- Core services：这是Harbor的核心功能，主要提供以下服务：
- UI：提供图形化界面，帮助用户管理registry上的镜像（image）, 并对用户进行授权。
- webhook：为了及时获取registry 上image状态变化的情况， 在Registry上配置webhook，把状态变化传递给UI模块。
- token 服务：负责根据用户权限给每个docker push/pull命令签发token. Docker 客户端向Regiøstry服务发起的请求,如果不包含token，会被重定向到这里，获得token后再重新向Registry进行请求。
- Database：为core services提供数据库服务，负责储存用户权限、审计日志、Docker image分组信息等数据。
- Job Services：提供镜像远程复制功能，可以把本地镜像同步到其他Harbor实例中。
- Log collector：为了帮助监控Harbor运行，负责收集其他组件的log，供日后进行分析。
各个组件之间的关系如下图所示：
环境介绍：
192.168.1.18
Master、Harbor、Jenkins
CentOS 7.5.1804
Docker 19.03.13
Docker-Compose 1.18.0
2核+CPU，2GB+内存
部署Harbor仓库
Harbor部署依赖于docker和docker-compose。
安装Docker
一文搞懂Docker与Docker Engine的安装:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44895681/article/details/105540702?…
安装Docker-compose
一文学会Docker Compose安装：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44895681/article/details/105540333
[root@k8s-master ~]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo [root@k8s-master ~]# yum -y install epel-release [root@k8s-master ~]# yum -y install docker-compose [root@k8s-master ~]# docker-compose version docker-compose version 1.18.0, build 8dd22a9 docker-py version: 2.6.1 CPython version: 3.6.8 OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
部署Harbor仓库
企业实战(5) Docker私有镜像仓库Harbor的部署与使用详解：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44895681/article/details/105558611
下载
版本全，速度慢：https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases
下载Harbor v2.3.2并解压
[root@k8s-master ~]# wget https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/download/v2.3.2/harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.2.tgz [root@k8s-master ~]# ll harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.2.tgz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 605477475 9月 15 11:12 harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.2.tgz [root@k8s-master ~]# tar -xvf harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.2.tgz harbor/harbor.v2.3.2.tar.gz harbor/prepare harbor/LICENSE harbor/install.sh harbor/common.sh harbor/harbor.yml.tmpl [root@k8s-master ~]# cd harbor/ [root@k8s-master harbor]# ls common.sh harbor.v2.3.2.tar.gz harbor.yml.tmpl install.sh LICENSE prepare
修改harbor配置文件
[root@k8s-master harbor]# cp harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml [root@k8s-master harbor]# vim harbor.yml ... 5 hostname: 192.168.1.18 //设置访问地址，可以是ip、主机名，不可以设置为127.0.0.1或localhost 7 # http related config 8 http: //启用http 9 # port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port 10 port: 80 //http默认端口为80 //将https注释掉，以关闭https支持 12 # https related config 13 #https: //注释 14 # https port for harbor, default is 443 15 # port: 443 //注释 16 # The path of cert and key files for nginx 17 # certificate: /your/certificate/path //注释 18 # private_key: /your/private/key/path //注释 ... 33 # Remember Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor. 34 harbor_admin_password: Harbor12345 //harbor登录密码 ... 46 # The default data volume 47 data_volume: /opt/harbor/data //修改harbor仓库数据目录 ... [root@k8s-master harbor]# mkdir -p /opt/harbor/data //创建harbor仓库目录（安装Harbor时会自动创建） [root@k8s-master harbor]# ls /opt/harbor/ data [root@k8s-master harbor]# ./prepare //执行官方自带脚本更新配置文件 prepare base dir is set to /root/harbor Unable to find image 'goharbor/prepare:v2.3.2' locally v2.3.2: Pulling from goharbor/prepare 4fc7e8c5dda0: Pull complete e101789e272e: Pull complete 3356ca67bae9: Pull complete 3d33c71b0e90: Pull complete ab76e2d8736b: Pull complete 9d7f4a6ec28e: Pull complete 2f6837c65c74: Pull complete bc8d1bca5b85: Pull complete Digest: sha256:e6ae1e30c8897ca54bcc89682dbb10c2dbd08d6c9bba647eacdef6fa776d6428 Status: Downloaded newer image for goharbor/prepare:v2.3.2 WARNING:root:WARNING: HTTP protocol is insecure. Harbor will deprecate http protocol in the future. Please make sure to upgrade to https Generated configuration file: /config/portal/nginx.conf Generated configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf Generated configuration file: /config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf Generated configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf Generated configuration file: /config/core/env Generated configuration file: /config/core/app.conf Generated configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/env Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/config.yml Generated configuration file: /config/db/env Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/env Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml Generated and saved secret to file: /data/secret/keys/secretkey Successfully called func: create_root_cert Generated configuration file: /compose_location/docker-compose.yml Clean up the input dir
开始安装Harbor
[root@k8s-master harbor]# ./install.sh //执行harbor安装脚本 [Step 0]: checking if docker is installed ... Note: docker version: 19.03.13 [Step 1]: checking docker-compose is installed ... Note: docker-compose version: 1.18.0 [Step 2]: loading Harbor images ... Loaded image: goharbor/redis-photon:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/nginx-photon:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-portal:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/trivy-adapter-photon:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/chartmuseum-photon:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/notary-signer-photon:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-core:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-log:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-exporter:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/notary-server-photon:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/prepare:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-db:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v2.3.2 Loaded image: goharbor/registry-photon:v2.3.2 [Step 3]: preparing environment ... [Step 4]: preparing harbor configs ... prepare base dir is set to /root/harbor WARNING:root:WARNING: HTTP protocol is insecure. Harbor will deprecate http protocol in the future. Please make sure to upgrade to https Clearing the configuration file: /config/portal/nginx.conf Clearing the configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf Clearing the configuration file: /config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf Clearing the configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf Clearing the configuration file: /config/core/env Clearing the configuration file: /config/core/app.conf Clearing the configuration file: /config/registry/passwd Clearing the configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml Clearing the configuration file: /config/registryctl/env Clearing the configuration file: /config/registryctl/config.yml Clearing the configuration file: /config/db/env Clearing the configuration file: /config/jobservice/env Clearing the configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml Generated configuration file: /config/portal/nginx.conf Generated configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf Generated configuration file: /config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf Generated configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf Generated configuration file: /config/core/env Generated configuration file: /config/core/app.conf Generated configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/env Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/config.yml Generated configuration file: /config/db/env Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/env Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml Creating harbor-log ... done Generated configuration file: /compose_location/docker-compose.yml Clean up the input dir Creating redis ... done Creating harbor-core ... done Creating network "harbor_harbor" with the default driver Creating nginx ... done Creating registryctl ... Creating redis ... Creating registry ... Creating harbor-portal ... Creating harbor-db ... Creating harbor-core ... Creating harbor-jobservice ... Creating nginx ... ✔ ----Harbor has been installed and started successfully.---- [root@k8s-master harbor]# docker-compose ps //查看运行中的harbor相关容器 Name Command State Ports -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- harbor-core /harbor/entrypoint.sh Up harbor-db /docker-entrypoint.sh 96 13 Up harbor-jobservice /harbor/entrypoint.sh Up harbor-log /bin/sh -c /usr/local/bin/ ... Up 127.0.0.1:1514->10514/tcp harbor-portal nginx -g daemon off; Up nginx nginx -g daemon off; Up 0.0.0.0:80->8080/tcp redis redis-server /etc/redis.conf Up registry /home/harbor/entrypoint.sh Up registryctl /home/harbor/start.sh Up [root@k8s-master harbor]# ls /opt/harbor/data/ //Harbor仓库数据目录 ca_download database job_logs redis registry secret
说明：
- nginx：nginx负责流量转发和安全验证，对外提供的流量都是从nginx中转，所以开放https的443端口，它将流量分发到后端的ui和正在docker镜像存储的docker registry。
- harbor-jobservice：harbor-jobservice 是harbor的job管理模块，job在harbor里面主要是为了镜像仓库之前同步使用的;
- harbor-ui：harbor-ui是web管理页面，主要是前端的页面和后端CURD的接口;
- registry：registry就是docker原生的仓库，负责保存镜像。
- harbor-adminserver：harbor-adminserver是harbor系统管理接口，可以修改系统配置以及获取系统信息。
- harbor-db：harbor-db是harbor的数据库，这里保存了系统的job以及项目、人员权限管理。由于本harbor的认证也是通过数据，在生产环节大多对接到企业的ldap中；
- harbor-log：harbor-log是harbor的日志服务，统一管理harbor的日志。通过inspect可以看出容器统一将日志输出的syslog。
这几个容器通过Docker link的形式连接在一起，在容器之间通过容器名字互相访问。对终端用户而言，只需要暴露proxy （即Nginx）的服务端口。
常用命令：
docker-compose up -d （相当于 build + start ）：构建（容器）并启动（容器）整个project的所有service docker-compose down -v（相当于 stop + rm ）：停止并移除整个project的所有services docker-compose start [serviceName]：启动已存在但停止的所有service docker-compose stop [serviceName]：停止运行的service docker-compose restart [serviceName]: 重启服务 docker-compose images：列出所用的镜像 docker-compose ps：查看正在运行的镜像
停止Harbor：
docker-compose down -v：停止并移除整个project的所有services
[root@localhost harbor]# docker-compose down -v Stopping harbor-jobservice ... done Stopping nginx ... done Stopping harbor-ui ... done Stopping harbor-adminserver ... done Stopping redis ... done Stopping harbor-db ... done Stopping registry ... done Stopping harbor-log ... done Removing harbor-jobservice ... done Removing nginx ... done Removing harbor-ui ... done Removing harbor-adminserver ... done Removing redis ... done Removing harbor-db ... done Removing registry ... done Removing harbor-log ... done Removing network harbor_harbor
启动Harbor：
docker-compose up -d ：构建（容器）并启动（容器）整个project的所有service
[root@localhost harbor]# docker-compose up -d Creating network "harbor_harbor" with the default driver Creating harbor-log ... done Creating harbor-adminserver ... done Creating registry ... done Creating harbor-db ... done Creating redis ... done Creating harbor-ui ... done Creating harbor-jobservice ... done Creating nginx ... done
访问Harbor
启动完成后，我们访问刚才设置的hostname即：http://192.168.1.18，默认是80端口。
输入用户名：admin，默认密码：Harbor12345 登录Harbor。
使用私有仓库push和pull镜像：
新建私有项目
上传（push）镜像
[root@k8s-master harbor]# docker tag java-demo:v1.0 192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo:v1.0 //根据每次上传的镜像版本打相应的标签，做好标识 [root@k8s-master harbor]# docker images | grep java java-demo v1.0 96dbaacabd81 22 months ago 406MB 192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo v1.0 96dbaacabd81 22 months ago 406MB [root@k8s-master harbor]# docker push 192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo:v1.0 The push refers to repository [192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo] 85d053b8761f: Pushed c7cfd67e17c7: Pushed ceead5ca823f: Pushed 2353c173a26a: Pushed 071d8bd76517: Pushed v1.0: digest: sha256:4e43b2bcd81adf6d00b46a5c7efd384fc9f5b059c75255c8c89404ed4818bae3 size: 1371
下载（pull）镜像
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# docker login 192.168.1.18 //node2主机登录到Harbor仓库下载镜像 Username: admin Password: //登录Harbor的密码 WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json. Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store Login Succeeded [root@k8s-node2 ~]# docker pull 192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo:v1.0 v1.0: Pulling from cicd/java-demo a02a4930cb5d: Pull complete 12ac6c660ca4: Pull complete 675ab56ce773: Pull complete 10f8e813c167: Pull complete 2347739fbd10: Pull complete Digest: sha256:4e43b2bcd81adf6d00b46a5c7efd384fc9f5b059c75255c8c89404ed4818bae3 Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo:v1.0 192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo:v1.0 [root@k8s-node2 ~]# docker images | grep java 192.168.1.18/cicd/java-demo v1.0 96dbaacabd81
登录Harbor报错解决：
Docker login Harbor报错解决：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44895681/article/details/105573702
