xpath
实战
站长素材图片抓取并下载
思路：
(1) 请求对象定制
(2)获取网页的源码
(3)下载
获取地址
url =‘ https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu.html’
#第一页https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu.html
#第二页https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu_2.html
找到关系
if(page==1):
url = ‘ https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu.html’
else:
url =‘ https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu_‘+str(page)+’.html’
其中 UA用来反爬虫
UA介绍：User Agent中文名为用户代理，简称 UA，它是一个特殊字符串头，使得服务器能够识别客户使用的操作系统 及版本、CPU 类型、浏览器及版本。浏览器内核、浏览器渲染引擎、浏览器语言、浏览器插件等
表头数据
headers = { ‘User-Agent’: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36’ }
请求对象定制
request = urllib.request.Request(url=url,headers=headers)
向浏览器发送请求
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
对源码进行解码
content = response.read().decode(‘utf-8’)
下载
解析服务器响应文件
tree = etree.HTML(content)
解析想要图片的源码
src_list = tree.xpath(‘//div[@class=“container”]//img//@data-original’)
通过xpath插件检查语法
源码写最后了
import urllib.request from lxml import etree #(1) 请求对象定制 #(2)获取网页的源码 #(3)下载 #需求 下载的前十页的图片 #https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu.html #https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu_2.html # https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu_3.html def create_request(page): if(page==1): url = 'https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu.html' else: url ='https://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/rentiyishu_'+str(page)+'.html' headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36' } request = urllib.request.Request(url=url,headers=headers) return request def get_content(request): response = urllib.request.urlopen(request) content = response.read().decode('utf-8') return content def down_load(content): tree = etree.HTML(content) name_list = tree.xpath('//div[@class="container"]//img//@alt') src_list = tree.xpath('//div[@class="container"]//img//@data-original') # for i in range(len(name_list)): # print(src_list) for i in range(len(name_list)): name =name_list[i] src = src_list[i] url = 'https:'+src urllib.request.urlretrieve(url=url,filename='./loveimg/'+name+'.jpg') if __name__ == '__main__': start_page = int(input("请输入起始页码")) end_page = int(input("请输入结束页码")) for page in range (start_page,end_page+1): print(page) #(1)请求对象定制 request = create_request(page) #(2)获取网页源码 content = get_content(request) #(3) 下载 down_load(content)
