九、SSM整合
接下来我们使用Maven+Spring+MyBatis+SpringMVC完成一个案例,案例需求为在页面可以进行添加学生+查询所有学生!
案例需要使用以下技术:
- 使用Maven创建聚合工程,并使用Maven的tomcat插件运行工程
- 使用Spring的IOC容器管理对象
- 使用MyBatis操作数据库
- 使用Spring的声明式事务进行事务管理
- 使用SpringMVC作为控制器封装Model并跳转到JSP页面展示数据
- 使用Junit测试方法
- 使用Log4j在控制台打印日志
案例的编写流程如下:
- 创建maven父工程,添加需要的依赖和插件
- 创建dao子工程,配置MyBatis操作数据库,配置Log4j在控制台打印日志。
- 创建service子工程,配置Spring声明式事务
- 创建controller子工程,配置SpringMVC作为控制器,编写JSP页面展示数据。
- 每个子工程都使用Spring进行IOC管理
9.1 创建父工程
SSM项目中的父工程作用是为了整合子工程,不需要写Java代码,删除src即可。但是需要添加依赖。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zj</groupId> <artifactId>SSM</artifactId> <packaging>pom</packaging> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <modules> <module>SSM_Dao</module> </modules> <!--定义好版本避免版本冲突--> <properties> <!--Spring版本--> <spring.version>5.2.12.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- mybatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.7</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.26</version> </dependency> <!-- druid连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.8</version> </dependency> <!-- MyBatis与Spring的整合包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- springmvc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 事务 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.7</version> </dependency> <!-- jstl --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>taglibs-standard-spec</artifactId> <version>1.2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId> <version>1.2.5</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- jsp --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log4j --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <!-- tomcat插件 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <configuration> <port>8080</port> <path>/</path> <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding> <server>tomcat7</server> <systemProperties> <java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter.format>%1$tH:%1$tM:%1$tS %2$s%n%4$s: %5$s%6$s%n </java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter.format> </systemProperties> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
9.2 创建dao子工程
1、在父工程下创建maven普通java子工程
2、创建pojo
public class User { public int id; public String username; public String sex; public String address; public int account; //get/set/构造略 }
2、编写持久层接口
@Repository public interface UserDao { @Select("select * from user") List<User> findAll(); }
3、编写log4j.properties配置文件
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=[%d{MM/dd HH:mm:ss}] %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
4、编写数据库配置文件druid.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///mybatis jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456
5、编写MyBatis配置文件SqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--二级缓存等--> </configuration>
6、编写Spring配置文件applicationContext-dao.xml
主要作用就是将mybatis的对象交给spring容器管理 。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--读取数据库配置文件--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:druid.properties"/> <!--配置数据源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <!--SqlSessionFactory--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml"/> </bean> <!--扫描包对象,为包下的接口创建代理对象--> <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.zj.dao"/> </bean> </beans>
7、测试
import com.zj.dao.UserDao; import com.zj.pojo.User; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext-dao.xml") public class TestDao { @Resource private UserDao userDao; @Test public void findAll(){ List<User> all = userDao.findAll(); for (User user : all) { System.out.println(user); } } }
9.3 创建service子工程
1、在父工程下创建maven普通java子工程
2、service子工程引入dao子工程的依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>SSM</artifactId> <groupId>com.zj</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>SSM_Service</artifactId> <!--SSM_Dao层的依赖--> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.zj</groupId> <artifactId>SSM_Dao</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3、创建服务层方法
package com.zj.service; import com.zj.dao.UserDao; import com.zj.pojo.User; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class UserService { @Autowired private UserDao userDao; public List<User> findAll(){ return userDao.findAll(); } }
4、创建服务层的Spring配置文件applicationContext-service.xml,配置声明式事务
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!--扫描包--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zj.service"/> <!--事务管理器--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!--通知--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--事务管理器切面--> <aop:config> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* com.zj.service.*.*(..))" /> </aop:config> </beans>
9.4 创建controller子工程
1、在父工程下使用maven创建web类型子工程,需要使用,模板创建。
2、controller工程引入service子工程的依赖,并配置ssm父工程
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zj</groupId> <artifactId>SSM_Controller</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <parent> <artifactId>SSM</artifactId> <groupId>com.zj</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.zj</groupId> <artifactId>SSM_Service</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3、编写控制器类
package com.zj.Controller; import com.zj.pojo.User; import com.zj.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import java.util.List; @Controller public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("/findAll") public String findAll(Model model){ List<User> all = userService.findAll(); model.addAttribute("users", all); return "showUsers"; } }
4、编写SpringMVC配置文件springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--扫描Controller--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zj.Controller"/> <!--视图解析器--> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!--开启SpringMVC注解支持--> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!--放行静态资源--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> </beans>
5、编写Spring的总配置文件applicationContext.xml,该文件引入dao和service层的Spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <import resource="applicationContext-dao.xml"/> <import resource="applicationContext-service.xml"/> </beans>
6、在web.xml中配置Spring监听器,该监听器会监听服务器启动,并自动创建Spring的IOC容器。配置SpringMVC的前端控制器和编码过滤器。
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <!-- 创建spring容器的监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--编码过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>encFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
7、编写jsp页面展示数据。
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <table border="1" align="center"> <tr> <th>ID</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>性别</th> <th>住址</th> <th>账户</th> </tr> <c:forEach var="user" items="${requestScope.users}"> <tr> <td>${user.id}</td> <td>${user.username}</td> <td>${user.sex}</td> <td>${user.address}</td> <td>${user.account}</td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> </body> </html>