一、邮箱开启SMTP服务
以qq邮箱为例
进入邮箱设置页面后选择账户
移动至下方的POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务
选择开启IMAP/SMTP服务，并获得授权码
二、导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency>
三、配置邮箱服务参数
如果没有在配置文件中配置该参数，在注入JavaMailSender的bean时会出现无法找到bean的错误
# smtp服务器 spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com # smtp用户名 spring.mail.username=xxxxxxxx@qq.com # 服务授权码 spring.mail.password=xxxxxxxxx
四、编写邮件发送类
package cn.ken.blog.common.utils; import cn.ken.blog.common.exception.BusinessException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; /** * @author Ken-Chy129 * @date 2022/4/16 16:40 */ @Component public class EmailUtils { @Autowired private JavaMailSender javaMailSender; @Value("${spring.mail.username}") private String from; public void sendEmail(String to, String subject, String context) { try { MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true); mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(from); mimeMessageHelper.setTo(to); mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject); mimeMessageHelper.setText(context, true); javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage); } catch (BusinessException e) { throw new BusinessException(e.getErrorMessage()); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
五、测试发送邮件
package cn.ken.blog.service.impl; import cn.ken.blog.common.domain.Result; import cn.ken.blog.common.enums.ErrorCodeEnum; import cn.ken.blog.common.enums.StatusEnum; import cn.ken.blog.common.exception.BusinessException; import cn.ken.blog.common.utils.EmailUtils; import cn.ken.blog.entity.User; import cn.ken.blog.mapper.UserMapper; import cn.ken.blog.service.IUserService; import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper; import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.mail.MailException; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import java.util.Random; /** * <p> * 服务实现类 * </p> * * @author Ken-Chy129 * @since 2022-04-15 */ @Service public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User> implements IUserService { @Autowired private UserMapper userMapper; @Autowired private HttpServletRequest request; @Autowired private EmailUtils emailUtils; @Override public Result<String> sendOutEmail(String email) throws BusinessException { if (this.selectByEmail(email)) { return new Result<String>().error(ErrorCodeEnum.USER_EMAIL_EXISTS); } String subject = "标题：请收好您的验证码"; String code = String.valueOf(new Random().nextInt(899999) + 100000); request.getSession().setAttribute("code", code); String msg = "<h4>欢迎您在Ken-Chy129的博客注册</h4>"+"<p style='color:#F00'>您的验证码为:"+code+"</p>"; emailUtils.sendEmail(email, subject, msg); return new Result<String>().success("发送邮件成功！"); } @Override public boolean selectByEmail(String email) { QueryWrapper<User> queryWrapper = new QueryWrapper<>(); queryWrapper.lambda().eq(User::getEmail,email) .eq(User::getStatus, StatusEnum.NORMAL.getStatus()); return userMapper.selectOne(queryWrapper) != null; } }
进入swagger测试接口，输入要发送的邮箱，点击execute
发送成功
六、常见问题：JavaMailSend为null
问题原因：没有将写的类注入
必须要用@Component将自己写的类先用springboot容器管理
@Component public class EmailUtils { @Autowired private JavaMailSender javaMailSender; @Value("${spring.mail.username}") private String from; public void sendEmail(String to, String subject, String context) { try { MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true); mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(from); mimeMessageHelper.setTo(to); mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject); mimeMessageHelper.setText(context, true); javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage); } catch (BusinessException e) { throw new BusinessException(e.getErrorMessage()); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
