经过一段时间的准备，新的一期【ASP.NET Core MVC开发实战之商城系统】已经开始，今天着重讲解布局设计，环境搭建，系统配置，及首页商品类型，banner条，友情链接等功能的开发。

首页布局设计

首页是商城系统的门面，首页的设计的好坏关系着用户的体验，在本示例中，首页主要分为以下几个模块，如下所示：

项目环境搭建

1. 安装第三方库

所谓“工欲善其事必先利其器”，在开发程序之前，先将项目配置好。项目需要安装的第三方库，可通过Nuget包管理器进行安装。

目前程序用到的第三方库有三个：

日志组件：NLog，NLog.Web.AspNetCore，主要用于记录系统日子。
数据库组件：目前采用SqlSugarCore，访问数据库程序。

具体安装库和版本如下所示：

2. 启动配置

汽配启动配置主要配置注入服务，及路由，主要有以下几个：

Session服务，由于到进行用户身份验证，所以需要用到Session。
鉴权/授权组件，主要用于什么验证及权限管理。
日志组件，记录程序执行过程的日志，便于问题分析和解决。
路由控制器注入。

具体配置【Program.cs】参照如下所示：

using EasyBuyShop.DAL;
using EasyBuyShop.Utils;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies;
using NLog.Web;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
//1. 往容器中添加Session服务，启用Session服务
builder.Services.AddSession(option =>
{
    option.IdleTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10);
    option.Cookie.Name = "DemoMvcCore";
});
//添加鉴权服务
builder.Services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
    options.DefaultScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddCookie(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme, options =>
{
    options.LoginPath = "/Auth/Login";
    options.LogoutPath = "/Auth/Logout";
});
// NLog: Setup NLog for Dependency injection
builder.Logging.ClearProviders();
builder.Host.UseNLog();
LogHelper.LoadConfiguration();
var app = builder.Build();
//启动时获取数据库连接字符串
BaseDal.ConnStr = app.Configuration.GetConnectionString("Default");
// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
    // The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
    app.UseHsts();
}
//2.使用Session中间件，主要用于拦截Http请求
app.UseSession();
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllerRoute(
    name: "default",
    pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
app.Run();

3. 配置文件

配置文件【appsetting.json】主要配置数据库连接字符串，及其他信息。如下所示：

{
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "Default": "Server=localhost;Database=EasyBuyShop;Trusted_Connection=True;User Id=sa;Password=abc123"
  },
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*"
}

4. 日志配置

日志配置【nlog.config】主要配置NLog组件需要的日志保存路径以及层级等信息。如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      autoReload="true"
      internalLogLevel="Info"
      internalLogFile="\Logs\internal-nlog-AspNetCore.txt">
  <!-- enable asp.net core layout renderers -->
  <extensions>
    <add assembly="NLog.Web.AspNetCore"/>
  </extensions>
  <!-- the targets to write to -->
  <targets>
    <!-- File Target for all log messages with basic details -->
    <target xsi:type="File" name="allfile" fileName="${basedir}\Logs\nlog-all-${shortdate}.log"
        layout="${longdate}|${event-properties:item=EventId:whenEmpty=0}|${level:uppercase=true}|${logger}|${message} ${exception:format=tostring}" />
    <!-- File Target for own log messages with extra web details using some ASP.NET core renderers -->
    <target xsi:type="File" name="ownFile-web" fileName="${basedir}\Logs\nlog-own-${shortdate}.log"
        layout="${longdate}|${event-properties:item=EventId:whenEmpty=0}|${level:uppercase=true}|${logger}|${message} ${exception:format=tostring}|url: ${aspnet-request-url}|action: ${aspnet-mvc-action}" />
    <!--Console Target for hosting lifetime messages to improve Docker / Visual Studio startup detection -->
    <target xsi:type="Console" name="lifetimeConsole" layout="${MicrosoftConsoleLayout}" />
  </targets>
  <!-- rules to map from logger name to target -->
  <rules>
    <!--All logs, including from Microsoft-->
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Info" writeTo="allfile" />
    <!--Output hosting lifetime messages to console target for faster startup detection -->
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Info" writeTo="lifetimeConsole, ownFile-web" final="true" />
    <!--Skip non-critical Microsoft logs and so log only own logs (BlackHole) -->
    <logger name="Microsoft.*" minlevel="Info" final="true" />
    <logger name="System.Net.Http.*" minlevel="Info" final="true" />
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Info" writeTo="ownFile-web" />
  </rules>
</nlog>

注意：NLog日志组件不支持相对路径配置，如果想让日志保存在程序根目录，需要通过${basedir}进行配置，否则日志如法保存。

页面布局

其中Header，Footer，前台各个页面都会用到，所以采用Layout布局页面展示【_Layout.cshtml】。如下所示：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>@ViewData["Title"] - 易购商城</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/lib/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/css/shop_style.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/css/site.css" asp-append-version="true" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/EasyBuyShop.styles.css" asp-append-version="true" />
</head>
<body>
    <header class="py-3 mb-3 border-bottom container" style="padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;">
        <div class="container-fluid d-grid gap-3 align-items-center" style="grid-template-columns: 1fr 9fr;width:100%;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;">
            <div class="dropdown">
                <a href="/Home/Index" class="d-flex align-items-center col-lg-4 mb-2 mb-lg-0 link-dark text-decoration-none dropdown-toggle">
                    <h2>易购商城</h2>
                </a>
            </div>
            <div class="d-flex align-items-center">
                <form class="w-100 me-3" role="search" action="/Product/Index/">
                    <div>
                        <input type="search" class="form-control" placeholder="商品名称" aria-label="Search" style="width:85%;display:inline-block;line-height:1.7" name="productName">
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-outline-primary">搜索</button>
                    </div>
                </form>
                <div class="flex-shrink-0 dropdown">
                    @if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ViewBag.UserName))
                    {
                        <a href="#" class="d-block link-dark text-decoration-none dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
                            <span>@ViewBag.RealName</span>
                        </a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu text-small shadow" style="">
                            <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="/Cart/Index">购物车</a></li>
                            <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="/Personal/Setting">设置</a></li>
                            <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="/Personal/Index">个人信息</a></li>
                            <li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
                            <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="/Auth/Logout">登出</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        <a href="/Auth/Login" class="d-block link-dark text-decoration-none">
                            <span>亲，请登录</span>
                        </a>
                    }
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </header>
    <div class="container" style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;">
        <main role="main" class="pb-3">
            @RenderBody()
        </main>
    </div>
    <footer class="py-3 my-4 border-top footer text-muted" style="line-height:10px;margin-bottom:0.5rem!important;">
        <p class="text-center text-muted">© 2023-2024 易购商城 老码识途 公子小六</p>
    </footer>
    <script src="~/lib/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/lib/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/js/site.js" asp-append-version="true"></script>
    @await RenderSectionAsync("Scripts", required: false)
</body>
</html>

布局页面效果如下所示：

页头【Header】包含一个Form表单，用于查询商品信息，如下所示：

页脚【Footer】用于设置版权信息，如下所示：

商品类型功能

首先每一个商品有类型，类型分为大类【Category】，中类，小类【SubCategory】，细类等，本文为了简化，只分为大类，小类两种。

1. 数据库设计

数据表结构设计如下：

大类Category表，如下所示：

建表语句如下所示：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[EB_Category](
  [Id] [bigint] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
  [Category] [varchar](100) NULL,
  [Description] [varchar](500) NULL,
  [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [CreateUser] [varchar](50) NULL,
  [LastEditTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [LastEditUser] [varchar](50) NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

小类SubCategory表，如下所示：

注意：数据表中的分类内容，是从某宝抄下来的，然后整理好后，导入数据库。

建表语句如下所示：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[EB_SubCategory](
  [Id] [bigint] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
  [CategoryId] [bigint] NULL,
  [SubCategory] [varchar](100) NULL,
  [Description] [varchar](500) NULL,
  [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [CreateUser] [varchar](50) NULL,
  [LastEditTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [LastEditUser] [varchar](50) NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

2. 项目模型创建

SqlSurgar采用模型对象映射ORM操作数据库，所以需要先创建模型对象。

大类Category模型对象，如下所示：

using SqlSugar;
namespace EasyBuyShop.Models
{
    [SugarTable("EB_Category")]
    public class Category : EntityModel
    {
        [SugarColumn(ColumnName ="Category")]
        public string CategoryName { get; set; }
        public string Description { get; set; }
    }
}

小类SubCategory模型对象，如下所示：

using SqlSugar;
namespace EasyBuyShop.Models
{
    [SqlSugar.SugarTable("EB_SubCategory")]
    public class SubCategory : EntityModel
    {
        public long CategoryId { get; set; }
        [SugarColumn(ColumnName = "SubCategory")]
        public string SubCategoryName { get; set; }
        public string Description { get; set; }
    }
}

其中EntityModel为模型基类，为公共类型，如下所示：

using SqlSugar;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Security.Principal;
namespace EasyBuyShop.Models
{
    public class EntityModel
    {
        [SugarColumn(IsNullable = false, IsIdentity = true)]
        [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public DateTime CreateTime { get; set; }
        public string CreateUser { get; set; }
        public DateTime LastEditTime { get; set; }
        public string LastEditUser { get; set; }
    }
}

3. 数据库操作类

数据库操作类位于DAL层，每一个表都有对应的DAL层，如下所示：

大类Category数据表操作DAL层，如下所示：

using EasyBuyShop.Models;
namespace EasyBuyShop.DAL
{
    public class CategoryDal:BaseDal
    {
        public CategoryDal()
        {
        }
        public List<Category> GetCategories()
        {
            return this.getTList<Category>();
        }
    }
}

小类SubCategory数据表操作DAL层，如下所示：

using EasyBuyShop.Models;
namespace EasyBuyShop.DAL
{
    public class SubCategoryDal : BaseDal
    {
        public List<SubCategory> GetSubCategories()
        {
            return this.getTList<SubCategory>();
        }
    }
}

其中BaseDal为基类，数据库操作的公共方法，如下所示：

using EasyBuyShop.Utils;
using SqlSugar;
namespace EasyBuyShop.DAL
{
    public class BaseDal
    {
        public static string ConnStr = string.Empty;
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取程序数据库操作对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strConn">数据库连接字符串</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public SqlSugarClient GetDb(string strConn)
        {
            var db = new SqlSugarClient(
                new ConnectionConfig()
                {
                    ConnectionString = strConn,
                    DbType = DbType.SqlServer,
                    IsAutoCloseConnection = true,
                    InitKeyType = InitKeyType.Attribute,
                    AopEvents = new AopEvents
                    {
                        OnLogExecuting = (sql, p) =>
                        {
                            LogHelper.Info(sql);
                            LogHelper.Info(string.Join(",", p?.Select(it => it.ParameterName + ":" + it.Value)));
                        }
                    }
                });
            return db;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 查询所有的用户记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> getTList<T>()
        {
            try
            {
                return this.GetDb(ConnStr).Queryable<T>().ToList();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                LogHelper.Fatal(ex.Message);
                return null;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 插入一条记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public int InsertT<T>(T model) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                return this.GetDb(ConnStr).Insertable<T>(model).ExecuteCommand();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                LogHelper.Fatal(ex.Message);
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }
}

4. 商品类型控制器部分

商品类型只是首页【/Home/Index】的一小部分，首页的控制器获取到商品类型信息，然后传递到视图层即可。如下所示：

public IActionResult Index()
{
    CategoryDal categoryDal = new CategoryDal();
    SubCategoryDal subCategoryDal = new SubCategoryDal();
    var categories = categoryDal.GetCategories();
    var subCategories = subCategoryDal.GetSubCategories();
    ViewData["Categories"] = categories;
    ViewData["SubCategories"] = subCategories;
    return View();
}

5. 商品类型视图部分

商品类型视图在首页【/Home/Index.cshtml】中，如下所示：

<div mxs="x30_:_" class="left-nav" data-spm="1998549605" style="width: 280px;height: 280px;position: absolute;left: 0px;top: 0;z-index: 2;">
  <div class="chanel-list-wrap" id="J_MAIN_CHANEL" style="background-color: #F8F8F8;border: 1px solid #eee;border-radius: 12px;font: 12px/1.5 tahoma, arial;height: 100%;">
    @foreach(var category in ViewData["Categories"] as List<Category>)
    {
      var id = category.Id;
      var subCategories = ViewData["SubCategories"] as List<SubCategory>;
      var subCategoriesById = subCategories.Where(r => r.CategoryId == id);
      <div class="chanel-container">
        <div class="chanel-container-inner clearfix" style="border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;">
          <div class="chanel-tags-wrap">
            <div class="chanel-title">
              <a href="" class="atbfont" target="_blank">ↂ</a>
              <a href="" class="title" target="_blank">@category.CategoryName</a>
            </div>
            <div class="chanel-tags clearfix">
              @foreach(var subCategory in subCategoriesById)
              {
                <a href="/Product/Index/?CategoryId=@(id)&subCategoryId=@(subCategory.Id)" class="" target="_blank">@subCategory.SubCategoryName</a>
              }
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    }
  </div>
</div>

6. 商品类型示例

商品类型示例效果图，如下所示：

banner条及友情链接

banner条主要用与广告位之类的显示，友情链接主要用于链接其他网站或者站内页面。目前banner条设计了两张静态图，友情链接参考了某宝内容，视图文件如下所示：

<div mxa="x30_:b" class="main-right clearfix">
  <div mxa="x30_:c" class="main-right-top" style="height: 280px;position: relative;z-index: 1;font-size: 0;">
    <div mxa="x30_:d" class="slide-container clearfix">
      <div mxa="x30_:e" class="slide-wrap swiper swiper-container-horizontal" id="index-mainSlide">
        <div mxa="x30_:f" class="slide-con swiper-wrapper" style="height:280px;position:relative;left:0px;display:flex">
          <div class="con-pannel swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate-active" data-swiper-slide-index="1">
            <a href="#" target="_blank">
              <img class="swiper-lazy swiper-lazy-loaded" src="~/imgs/001.jpg" width="730" height="280" />
            </a>
          </div>
          <div class="con-pannel swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate-active" data-swiper-slide-index="0">
            <a href="#" target="_blank">
              <img class="swiper-lazy swiper-lazy-loaded" src="~/imgs/002.jpg" width="730" height="280" />
            </a>
          </div>
          <div class="con-pannel swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate-active" data-swiper-slide-index="1">
            <a href="#" target="_blank">
              <img class="swiper-lazy swiper-lazy-loaded" src="~/imgs/001.jpg" width="730" height="280" />
            </a>
          </div>
          <div class="con-pannel swiper-slide swiper-slide-duplicate-active" data-swiper-slide-index="0">
            <a href="#" target="_blank">
              <img class="swiper-lazy swiper-lazy-loaded" src="~/imgs/002.jpg" width="730" height="280" />
            </a>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div mxa="x30_:g" class="bl-right-navigation">
      <div mxs="x30_:e" class="right-brands-title" data-spm="19985674830">
        <a target="_blank" href="/Home/Index" style="color:#ff0036;"><i class="atbfont">✮</i>我的商城</a>
      </div>
      <ul mxa="x30_:h" class="right-brands-list clearfix">
        <li data-spm="19985674831">
          <a target="_blank" href="/Home/Index" style="text-decoration: none!important;">
            <i class="atbfont" style="font-size: 22px;color:#c50a0a;">易购商城</i>
          </a>
        </li>
        <li data-spm="19985674832">
          <a target="_blank" href="">
            <img src="~/imgs/others/taobao.gif" width="119" height="61">
          </a>
        </li>
        <li data-spm="19985674833">
          <a target="_blank" href="">
            <img src="~/imgs/others/juhuasuan.gif" width="119" height="61">
          </a>
        </li>
        <li data-spm="19985674834">
          <a target="_blank" href="">
            <img src="~/imgs/others/chaojiyouxuan.png" width="119" height="61">
          </a>
        </li>
        <li data-spm="19985674835">
          <a target="_blank" href="" style="text-decoration: none!important;">
            <i class="atbfont" style="font-size: 22px;color:#ff4400;">九块九</i>
          </a>
        </li>
        <li data-spm="19985674836">
          <a target="_blank" href="">
            <img src="~/imgs/others/tianmaoguoji.png" width="119" height="61">
          </a>
        </li>
        <li data-spm="19985674837">
          <a target="_blank" href="">
            <img src="~/imgs/others/tianmaochaoshi.gif" width="119" height="61">
          </a>
        </li>
        <li data-spm="19985674838">
          <a target="_blank" href="">
            <img src="~/imgs/others/ailijiankang.png" width="119" height="61">
          </a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

以上就是ASP.NET Core MVC开发实战之商城系统(一) 的全部内容，后续将继续介绍其他模块。

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