错误原因
最近很多小伙伴私信我说老是遇到命令找不到的情况,这里开一篇插个队说一下这个问题,做个总结。当我们在 Linux(或shell)下执行一个命令时,报 -bash: XXXX: command not found,有三个可能的原因:
- 你将命令的名称拼错了。
- 该命令还没有安装。
- 该命令是一个可执行脚本,但其位置未知。
解决方案
第一个很简单,仔细排查一下,命令或者文件名之类的写错了没有。
第三个这和Windows是相同的道理,都是环境变量惹的祸,就是说你的 命令的 执行文件不在 /usr/bin 或者 /etc/init.d 中,他就找不到 执行该命令的 文件来执行。思路是将该应用的 bin 目录 放入到 profile 文件中就OK了,步骤如下:
find / -name profile #找到该文件(这个文件相当于 你在Windows 中加入环境变量那块),一般该文件在 /etc/profile 这里
vim profile #编辑该文件
export PATH="$PATH:/phpstudy/mysql/bin" #在该文件中加入 command not found 的应用 bin 目录,这里我是将 mysql 的 bin 放到这里,因为我是 mysqld / mysqldump / mysqladmin 命令用不了
source /etc/profile // 更新配置(不用重启系统)
这还不行那就是第二个原因了,那就是没有安装这个插件了,解决办法如下:
-bash: rz: 未找到命令
yum install lrzsz
提示-bash: telnet: command not found的解决方法
yum list telnet* 列出telnet相关的安装包 yum install telnet-server 安装telnet服务 yum install telnet.* 安装telnet客户端
-bash: wget: command not found
yum install wget -y
Debian/Ubuntu系统,需要执行以下命令:
apt-get install -y wget -bash: unzip: command not found yum install unzip -bash: ntpdate: command not found yum install ntpdate -bash: nmap: command not found yum install nmap -bash: lsof: command not found yum install lsof -y -bash: fuser: command not found yum install psmisc -bash: yum-config-manager: command not found yum -y install yum-utils -bash: psql: command not found yum install postgresql 或者 yum install postgresql-server ifconfig: command not found yum install -y net-tools -bash: netstat: command not found yum install -y net-tools firewall-cmd: command not found yum install firewalld -y multipath: command not found yum install device-mapper-multipath ip: command not found (CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core) ) yum install initscripts autoreconf: command not found yum install install autoconf -y autoreconf: failed to run autopoint: No such file or directory err: autoreconf: running: autopoint --force Can’t exec “autopoint”: No such file or directory at /usr/share/autoconf/Autom4te/FileUtils.pm line 345. autoreconf: failed to run autopoint: No such file or directory autoreconf: autopoint is needed because this package uses Gettext fixed: yum install -y gettext-devel yum-builddep: command not found yum install yum-utils -y rpmbuild: command not found yum install rpm-build -y Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop iptables.service Failed to stop iptables.service: Unit iptables.service not loaded. yum install iptables-services
实际上,centos7后是使用的基于iptable的
systemctl stop firewalld systemctl mask firewalld
设置开机启动:
systemctl stop iptables systemctl start iptables systemctl restart iptables systemctl reload iptables systemctl enable iptables
保存设置:
service iptables save
1)查看防火状态
systemctl status firewalld service iptables status
2)暂时关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld service iptables stop • 1 • 2
3)永久关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld chkconfig iptables off
4)重启防火墙
systemctl enable firewalld service iptables restart • 1 • 2
5)永久关闭后重启(未测试)
chkconfig iptables on