STM32F1案例 串口USART使用

简介: STM32F1案例 串口USART使用

STM32F1案例 串口USART使用

硬件平台

  1. 野火STM32F103ZET6 霸道V2开发板
  2. 正点原子F1系列开发板
  3. STM32F103ZET6核心板
  4. ST7735 TFT液晶显示屏
    STM32产品
    在这里插入图片描述

软件平台

  1. Keil MDK 5.31
  2. 串口调试助手

STM32F103ZET6 串口

结构

USART 功能框图

串口引脚分布与解释

  1. TX:发送数据输出引脚。
  2. RX:接收数据输入引脚。
  3. SW_RX:数据接收引脚,只用于单线和智能卡模式,属于内部引脚,没有具体外部引脚。
  4. nRTS:请求以发送(Request To Send),n 表示低电平有效。如果使能 RTS 流控制,当USART 接收器准备好接收新数据时就会将 nRTS 变成低电平;当接收寄存器已满时,nRTS将被设置为高电平。该引脚只适用于硬件流控制。
  5. nCTS:清除以发送(Clear To Send),n 表示低电平有效。如果使能 CTS 流控制,发送器在发送下一帧数据之前会检测 nCTS 引脚,如果为低电平,表示可以发送数据,如果为高电平则在发送完当前数据帧之后停止发送。该引脚只适用于硬件流控制。
  6. SCLK:发送器时钟输出引脚。这个引脚仅适用于同步模式。
    STM32F103VET6 芯片的 USART 引脚

    串口配置步骤

  7. 使能RX和TX引脚GPIO时钟和USART时钟;
  8. 初始化 GPIO,并将GPIO复用到USART.上;
  9. 配置 USART参数;
  10. 配置中断控制器并使能USART接收中断;
  11. 使 能USART;
  12. 在USART接收中断服务函数实现数据接收和发送。

    MAIN.C

    ```c
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // 包含的系统外设头文件 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    include "sys.h"

    include "delay.h"

    include "USART.H"

    include "timer.h"

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 包含的外部驱动头文件 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

include "led.h"

include "LCD.H"

include "QDTFT_demo.h"

include "Picture.h"

include "key.h"

include "oled.h"

include "beep.h"

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 宏自定义声明 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 定义引用变量 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//unsigned char num;
unsigned int time1 =0;
unsigned int timeCount1=0;
unsigned int timeflag1 =0;

unsigned int time2 =0;
unsigned int timeCount2=0;
unsigned int timeflag2 =0;

unsigned int time3 =0;
unsigned int timeCount3=0;
unsigned int timeflag3 =0;

unsigned int time4 =0;
unsigned int timeCount4=0;
unsigned int timeflag4 =0;

unsigned int Basictime =0;
unsigned int BasictimeCount=0;
unsigned int Basictimeflag =0;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 硬件端口定义 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 引用函数声明 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void LED_TEST(void);
void Hareware_Iint(void);
void TFT_ShowTEST(void);
void Usart_Test(void);
void oled_test(void);
void Timer_Configure(void);
void GeneralTimer_Test(void);
void Basic_Timer_Test(void);
void Basic_GeneralTimer_Test(void);
void USart_Configure(void);
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: 硬件初始化配置
// 函数说明: Hareware_Iint
// 函数备注:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void Hareware_Iint(void)
{
delay_init();
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //中断优先级分组 分2组
Timer_Configure();//定时器配置
USart_Configure();
LED_Init(); //板载LED配置
KEY_Init(); //板载独立按键测试
OLED_Init(); // IIC 0.96 oled
Lcd_Init(); //ST7735 LCD配置
LCD_LED_SET; //设置背光
Lcd_Clear(WHITE); //清屏
BEEP_Init(); //蜂鸣器配置

}

//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: LED测试函数
// 函数说明: PB5 LED0 PE5 LED1
// 函数备注: 板载LED 正常
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void LED_TEST(void)
{
LED0=0;
delay_ms(500);
LED0=1;
delay_ms(500);
LED1=0;
delay_ms(500);
LED1=1;
delay_ms(500);
}
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: TFT_ShowTEST测试函数
// 函数说明:
// 函数备注: ST7735 TFTLCD 测试正常
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void TFT_ShowTEST(void)
{
Redraw_Mainmenu();
Num_Test();
Font_Test();
Color_Test();
TFT_ShowImage(gImage_qq);

  Lcd_Clear(WHITE); //清屏 
  TFT_ShowASCII_08x16(0,8,'&',Red,White);
  delay_ms(1000);
  TFT_ShowString_16x16(16,16,"By delehub",Red,White);
  delay_ms(1000);
  TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(16,32,1234,5,Red,White);
  delay_ms(1000);
  TFT_ShowNumber_Float_16x16(0,48,123.56,4,3,Red,White);
  delay_ms(1000);
  TFT_ShowString_16x16(16,60,"By 2020-11-5",Red,White);
  delay_ms(1000);
  TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,90,"stm32 tft test ",Red,White);
  delay_ms(1000);

}
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: 串口配置配置
// 函数说明: TIM2,3,4,5
// 函数备注:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void USart_Configure(void)
{
UART4_Configuration(9600);//串口4配置
USART1_Configuration(9600);//串口1配置
}
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: Usart_Test测试函数
// 函数说明: 串口配置测试函数 STM32F103ZET6 5个串口
// 函数备注: USART1 USART2 USART3 UART4 UART5
// TX端口 PA9 PA2 PB10 PC10 PC12
// RX端口 PA10 PA3 PB11 PC11 PD2
// 串口1~5 测试正常 打印效果正常
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void Usart_Test(void)
{

if 0

UART_SendString(USART1,"usart1 test \r\n");
delay_ms(500);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,0,"usart1 test",Red,White);

endif

if 0

UART_SendString(USART2,"usart2 test \r\n");
delay_ms(500);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,16,"usart2 test",Red,White);

endif

if 0

UART_SendString(USART3,"usart3 test \r\n");
delay_ms(500);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,32,"usart3 test",Red,White);

endif

if 0

UART_SendString(UART4,"uart4 test \r\n");
delay_ms(500);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,48,"uart4 test",Red,White);

endif

if 0

UART_SendString(UART5,"uart5 test \r\n");
delay_ms(500);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,54,"uart5 test",Red,White);

endif

if 1

UART_SendNumber_SignedInteger(USART1,123,4);
UART_SendLine(USART1);
delay_ms(500);
UART_SendNumber_UnsignedInteger(USART1,123,4);
UART_SendLine(USART1);
delay_ms(500);
UART_SendNumber_Float(USART1,123.56,4,3);
UART_SendLine(USART1);
delay_ms(500);
UART_SendNumber_Binary(USART1,9,4);
UART_SendLine(USART1);
delay_ms(500);

endif

}

//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: oled_test测试函数
// 函数说明: 采用软件IIC 进行配置 SDA PB9 SCL PB10
// 函数备注: 测试正常
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void oled_test(void)
{
OLED_ShowChar_08x16(0,0,'@');
OLED_ShowChar_08x16(16,0,'&');
OLED_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_06x08(0,2,1234,5);
OLED_ShowNumber_UnsignedInteger_06x08(48,2,1234,5);
OLED_ShowNumber_Float_06x08(0,4,123.46,3,3);
OLED_ShowString_06x08(32,0,"oled");
OLED_ShowCHinese(0,6,0);
OLED_ShowCHinese(16,6,1);
OLED_ShowCHinese(32,6,2);
OLED_ShowCHinese(48,6,3);
OLED_ShowCHinese(64,6,4);
// OLED_Clear();
}
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: Key_Test 按键测试函数
// 函数说明: KEY0 PE4 KEY1 PE3 KEY_WK_UP PA0
// 函数备注: KEY0_PRES 1 KEY1_PRES 1 WKUP_PRES 3
//----------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void Key_Test(void)
{
unsigned char key_value=0;
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,0,"KEY:",Red,White);
key_value=KEY_Scan(0);

  if(key_value==3)
  {
    TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(60,0,key_value,2,Red,White);
    //USART_SendString(USART1,"key_value:3 \r\n");
  }
  if(key_value==2)
  {
    TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(60,0,key_value,2,Red,White);
    //USART_SendString(USART1,"key_value:2 \r\n");
  }
  if(key_value==1)
  {
    TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(60,0,key_value,2,Red,White);
    //USART_SendString(USART1,"key_value:1 \r\n");
  }

}
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: 定时器配置
// 函数说明: TIM2,3,4,5
// 函数备注:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void Timer_Configure(void)
{
/定时器配置/
BASIC_TIM_Init();
TIM5_Init(9999,7199);
TIM3_Int_Init(9999,7199);
TIM2_Int_Init(9999,7199);
TIM4_Int_Init(9999,7199);

}
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: 通用定时器定时器测试
// 函数说明: TIM2,3,4,5
// 函数备注:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void GeneralTimer_Test(void)
{
if ( timeflag1 == 1 ) // TIM5
{
timeflag1 = 0;
timeCount1++;
LED1=!LED1;

  if (timeCount1 == 60)
  {
    timeCount1=0;
  }
  TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(90,32,timeCount1,2,Blue1,White);
}  


if ( timeflag2 == 1 )  //TIM3     
{
  timeflag2 = 0;
  timeCount2++;    

  if (timeCount2 == 60)
  {
    timeCount2=0;
  }
  TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(90,60,timeCount2,2,Blue1,White);
} 

 if ( timeflag3 == 1 )   //TIM2  
{
  timeflag3 = 0;
  timeCount3++;    

  if (timeCount3 == 60)
  {
    timeCount3=0;
  }
  TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(90,90,timeCount3,2,Green,White);
}  

if ( timeflag4 == 1 )  //TIM4   
{
  timeflag4 = 0;
  timeCount4++;    

  if (timeCount4 == 60)
  {
    timeCount4=0;
  }
  TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(90,120,timeCount4,2,Green,White);
}  

}
//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: 基本定时器定时器测试
// 函数说明: TIM6,7
// 函数备注:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void Basic_Timer_Test(void)
{
if ( Basictime == 1000 ) / 1000 1 ms = 1s 时间到 */
{
Basictime = 0;
BasictimeCount++;

  if (BasictimeCount == 60)
  {
    BasictimeCount=0;
  }
  TFT_ShowNumber_SignedInteger_16x16(90,140,BasictimeCount,2,Black,White);
} 

}

//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: 定时器定时 1s 测试
// 函数说明:
// 函数备注:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
void Basic_GeneralTimer_Test(void)
{
GeneralTimer_Test();//通用定时器定时器测试
Basic_Timer_Test();//基本定时器定时器测试
}

if 0

TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,0,"stm32 timertest",Magenta,White);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,32,"timeCount1 ",Blue1,White);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,60,"timeCount2 ",Red,White);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,90,"timeCount3 ",Red,White);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,120,"timeCount4",Red,White);
TFT_ShowString_16x16(0,140,"Basictime",Magenta,White);

endif

//==================================================================================================
// 实现功能: 主函数
// 函数说明:
// 函数备注:
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// | - | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
//==================================================================================================
int main(void)
{
Hareware_Iint();//硬件初始化配置

while(1)
{ 
   Usart_Test();
}

}


 ### USART.C

```c
#include "USART.H"
//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: USART1_Configuration串口配置配置
//  函数说明: USART1初始化函数
//  函数备注: bound:波特率
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 
//#if EN_USART1_RX   //如果使能了接收  
// 使用串口中断时 解除注释 #if EN_USART1_RX 
//注意,读取USARTx->SR能避免莫名其妙的错误       
u8 USART_RX_BUF[USART_REC_LEN];     //接收缓冲,最大USART_REC_LEN个字节.
//接收状态
//bit15,    接收完成标志
//bit14,    接收到0x0d
//bit13~0,    接收到的有效字节数目
u16 USART_RX_STA=0;       //接收状态标记      


void USART1_Configuration(u32 bound)
{
    //GPIO端口设置
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);    //使能USART1,GPIOA时钟

    //USART1_TX   GPIOA.9
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9; //PA.9
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;    //复用推挽输出
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIOA.9

    //USART1_RX      GPIOA.10初始化
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;//PA10
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;//浮空输入
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIOA.10  

    //Usart1 NVIC 配置
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=2 ;//抢占优先级3
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3;        //子优先级3
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;            //IRQ通道使能
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);    //根据指定的参数初始化VIC寄存器

    //USART 初始化设置

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound;//串口波特率
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;//字长为8位数据格式
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;//一个停止位
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;//无奇偶校验位
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;//无硬件数据流控制
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;    //收发模式

    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure); //初始化串口1
    USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);//开启串口接受中断
    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);                    //使能串口1 

}
//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: USART1_IRQHandler串口中断服务函数
//  函数说明: 
//  函数备注: 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)                    //串口1中断服务程序
{
    u8 r;
    if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)  //接收中断
    {
        r =USART_ReceiveData(USART1);//(USART1->DR);    //读取接收到的数据
        USART_SendData(USART1,r);
        while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC) != SET);
    } 
    USART_ClearFlag(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC);
}     



//#endif

//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: USART2_Configuration串口配置配置
//  函数说明: USART2初始化函数
//  函数备注: bound:波特率
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 

//#if EN_USART2_RX   //如果使能了接收

void USART2_Configuration(u32 bound)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE );
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2, ENABLE );

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2; //USART2 TX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3; //USART2 RX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound; //波特率;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    //无硬件流控;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    //收发模式;
    USART_Init(USART2, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组,4位抢占优先级,4位响应优先级;

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART2_IRQn; //中断号;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 2; //抢占优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3; //响应优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    USART_ITConfig(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
    USART_Cmd(USART2, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}


//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: USART2_IRQHandler串口中断服务函数
//  函数说明: 
//  函数备注: 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 
void USART2_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;
{ 
  u8 r;
  if(USART_GetITStatus(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)  //接收中断
  {
    r =USART_ReceiveData(USART2);//(USART1->DR);    //读取接收到的数据
    USART_SendData(USART2,r);
    while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2,USART_FLAG_TC) != SET);
  } 
  USART_ClearFlag(USART2,USART_FLAG_TC);
} 

//#endif

//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: USART3_Configuration串口配置配置
//  函数说明: USART3初始化函数
//  函数备注: bound:波特率
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 

//#if EN_USART3_RX   //如果使能了接收

void USART3_Configuration(u32 bound)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE );
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART3, ENABLE );

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //USART3 TX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口B;

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11; //USART3 RX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口B;

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound; //波特率;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    //无硬件流控;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    //收发模式;
    USART_Init(USART3, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组,4位抢占优先级,4位响应优先级;

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART3_IRQn; //中断号;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 2; //抢占优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3; //响应优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    USART_ITConfig(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
    USART_Cmd(USART3, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}


//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: USART3_IRQHandler串口中断服务函数
//  函数说明: 
//  函数备注: 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 
void USART3_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;
{
  u8 r;
  if(USART_GetITStatus(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)  //接收中断
  {
    r =USART_ReceiveData(USART3);//(USART1->DR);    //读取接收到的数据
    USART_SendData(USART3,r);
    while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART3,USART_FLAG_TC) != SET);
  } 
  USART_ClearFlag(USART3,USART_FLAG_TC);
} 

//#endif

//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: UART4_Configuration串口配置配置
//  函数说明: UART4初始化函数
//  函数备注: bound:波特率
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 

//#if EN_USART4_RX

void UART4_Configuration(u32 bound)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE );
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_UART4, ENABLE );

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //UART4 TX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11; //UART4 RX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound; //波特率;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    //无硬件流控;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    //收发模式;
    USART_Init(UART4, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组,4位抢占优先级,4位响应优先级;

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = UART4_IRQn; //中断号;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 2; //抢占优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //响应优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    USART_ITConfig(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
    USART_Cmd(UART4, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}


//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: UART4_IRQHandler串口中断服务函数
//  函数说明: 
//  函数备注: 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 
void UART4_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;
{
  u8 r;
  if(USART_GetITStatus(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)  //接收中断
  {
    r =USART_ReceiveData(UART4);//(USART1->DR);    //读取接收到的数据
    USART_SendData(UART4,r);
    while(USART_GetFlagStatus(UART4,USART_FLAG_TC) != SET);
  } 
  USART_ClearFlag(UART4,USART_FLAG_TC);
} 

//#endif

//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: UART5_Configuration串口配置配置
//  函数说明: UART5初始化函数
//  函数备注: bound:波特率
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 

//#if EN_USART5_RX

void UART5_Configuration(u32 bound)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE );
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_UART5, ENABLE );

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12; //UART5 TX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2; //UART5 RX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口D;

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound; //波特率;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    //无硬件流控;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    //收发模式;
    USART_Init(UART5, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组,4位抢占优先级,4位响应优先级;

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = UART5_IRQn; //中断号;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 2; //抢占优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 3; //响应优先级;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    USART_ITConfig(UART5, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
    USART_Cmd(UART5, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}

//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: UART5_IRQHandler串口中断服务函数
//  函数说明: 
//  函数备注: 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 
void UART5_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;
{
  u8 r;
  if(USART_GetITStatus(UART5, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)  //接收中断
  {
    r =USART_ReceiveData(UART5);//(USART1->DR);    //读取接收到的数据
    USART_SendData(UART5,r);
    while(USART_GetFlagStatus(UART5,USART_FLAG_TC) != SET);
  } 
  USART_ClearFlag(UART5,USART_FLAG_TC);
} 

//#endif


//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 发送字节
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 本函数没有考虑发送9位数据可能性
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//            Byte - 字节  取值范文 - ASCII字符
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendChar(USART_TypeDef* USARTx,unsigned char Char)
{
   while((USARTx -> SR & 0x40) == 0);              // 等待上次发送完成   
    USARTx -> DR = Char;                            // 装载本次发送数据  
}

//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 接收字符
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//  输出参量: Char - 待接收字节  取值范围 - ASCII字符
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
unsigned char UART_ReceiveChar(USART_TypeDef* USARTx)
{
    return USARTx->DR;
}

//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 发送字符串
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//            String - 待发送字符串指针  取值范文 - ASCII字符串
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendString(USART_TypeDef* USARTx,unsigned char *String)
{
  while(*String != '\0')                          // \0 表示字符串结束标志,通过检测是否字符串末尾
    {
        UART_SendChar(USARTx, *String);
        String++;
    }
}


//  函数功能: USART 发送数组
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//            Array - 待发送数组的指针  取值范围 - 指针类型
//            Count - 待发送数组的数量  取值范围 - 0~255
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendArray(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, unsigned char *Array, unsigned char Count)
{
    unsigned char i = 0;                            // 定义局部变量 用于函数循环
    for(i=0; i<Count; i++)
    {
        UART_SendChar(USARTx, Array[i]);    
    }
}

//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 发送回车换行
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendLine(USART_TypeDef* USARTx)
{
    UART_SendChar(USARTx, 0x0D);                   // 换行
    UART_SendChar(USARTx, 0x0A);                   // 回车
}

//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 发送有符号整型数字
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//            Number - 待发送整数  取值范围 - 整型类型 -99999~+99999
//            Count - 显示的位数  取值范围 - 1~5
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendNumber_SignedInteger(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, signed short int Number, unsigned char Count)
{
    unsigned char NumberArray[5] = {0};             // 定义局部数组,用于数据存储

    // 判断 整型数字正负
    if(Number<0)
    {
        Number = 0 - Number;                        // 负数转整数
        UART_SendChar(USARTx,'-');
    }
    else
    {
        UART_SendChar(USARTx,'+');
    }

    // 计算各位数值的字符
    if(Count>4) NumberArray[0]=(Number/10000) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count>3) NumberArray[1]=(Number/1000 ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count>2) NumberArray[2]=(Number/100  ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count>1) NumberArray[3]=(Number/10   ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count>0) NumberArray[4]=(Number/1    ) % 10 + 0x30; 

    // 发送串口数据
    UART_SendArray(USARTx,&NumberArray[5-Count],Count);
}

//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 发送无符号整型数字
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//            Number - 待发送整数  取值范围 - 整型类型 0~99999
//            Count - 显示的位数  取值范围 - 1~5
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendNumber_UnsignedInteger(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, unsigned short int Number, unsigned char Count)
{
    unsigned char NumberArray[5] = {0};             // 定义局部数组,用于数据存储

    // 断言检查参数


    // 执行相关操作
    // 计算各位数值的字符
    if(Count>4) NumberArray[0]=(Number/10000) % 10 + 0x30;
    if(Count>3) NumberArray[1]=(Number/1000 ) % 10 + 0x30;
    if(Count>2) NumberArray[2]=(Number/100  ) % 10 + 0x30;
    if(Count>1) NumberArray[3]=(Number/10   ) % 10 + 0x30;
    if(Count>0) NumberArray[4]=(Number/1    ) % 10 + 0x30;

    // 发送串口数据
    UART_SendArray(USARTx,&NumberArray[5-Count],Count);
}

//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 发送数字 浮点类型
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 本函数打印浮点数字与实际输入数字存在偏差
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//            Number - 待发送浮点型数字  取值范围 - -99999.99999~99999.99999
//            Count1 - 整数显示位数  取值范围 - 0~5
//            Count2 - 小数显示位数  取值范围 - 0~5
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendNumber_Float(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, float Number, unsigned char Count1, unsigned char Count2)
{
    unsigned char Number_Integer_Array[5];          // 定义局部数组 用于存储整数位各位数据
    unsigned char Number_Decimal_Array[5];          // 定义局部数组 用于存储小数位各位数据

    unsigned long int  Number_Integer = 0;          // 定义局部变量 表示浮点数的整数部分
    unsigned long int  Number_Decimal = 0;          // 定义局部变量 表示浮点数的小数部分

    // 判断 浮点数字正负
    if(Number < 0)
    {
        Number = 0 - Number;
        UART_SendChar(USARTx, '-');
    }
    else
    {
        UART_SendChar(USARTx, '+');
    }

    // 限制 发送位数
    // 由于由于float型的有效十进制数值最多为7位,即整数位 + 小数位 数量一定小于等于7
    while((Count1 + Count2 > 7 ))
    {
        if((Count1 > 5) && (Count1 != 0))
        {
            --Count1;
        }
        else
        {
            --Count2;
        }
    }

    // 分离 整数位与小数位
    // 取整数部分
    Number_Integer = (unsigned long int)(Number);  
    // 取小数部分 1e5科学计数法表示10000
    Number_Decimal = (unsigned long int)((Number - Number_Integer + 0.000005) * 1e5);

    // 计算各位数值的字符
    if(Count1>4) Number_Integer_Array[0]=(Number_Integer/10000) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count1>3) Number_Integer_Array[1]=(Number_Integer/1000 ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count1>2) Number_Integer_Array[2]=(Number_Integer/100  ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count1>1) Number_Integer_Array[3]=(Number_Integer/10   ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count1>0) Number_Integer_Array[4]=(Number_Integer/1    ) % 10 + 0x30; 

    if(Count2>0) Number_Decimal_Array[0]=(Number_Decimal/10000) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count2>1) Number_Decimal_Array[1]=(Number_Decimal/1000 ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count2>2) Number_Decimal_Array[2]=(Number_Decimal/100  ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count2>3) Number_Decimal_Array[3]=(Number_Decimal/10   ) % 10 + 0x30; 
    if(Count2>4) Number_Decimal_Array[4]=(Number_Decimal/1    ) % 10 + 0x30; 

    UART_SendArray(USARTx, &Number_Integer_Array[5-Count1], Count1);       // 显示整数位
    UART_SendChar(USARTx, '.');
    UART_SendArray(USARTx, &Number_Decimal_Array[0],        Count2);       // 显示小数位
}

//==================================================================================================
//  函数功能: USART 发送数字 二进制数字
//  函数标记: 内设驱动函数
//  函数说明: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  输入参量: USARTx - 通道号  取值范围 - USARTx1/USARTx2/USARTx3/UARTx4/UARTx5
//            Number - 待发送有符号长整型数字  取值范围 - -99999.99999~99999.99999
//            Count - 整数显示位数  取值范围 - 0~5
//  输出参量: 无
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//==================================================================================================
void UART_SendNumber_Binary(USART_TypeDef* USARTx,int Number,unsigned char Count)
{
    unsigned char i = 0;

    for(i=Count; i>0; i--)
    {
        if(Number & ( 1 << (Count-1) ))
        {
            UART_SendChar(USARTx,'1');
        }
        else
        {
            UART_SendChar(USARTx,'0');
        }
        Number <<= 1;
    }
}

USART.H

#ifndef __USART_H__
#define __USART_H__

#include "sys.h"

/*******************************************************************************
// STM32C串口1 中断测试
*******************************************************************************/ 

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  宏自定义声明    |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define USART_REC_LEN              200      //定义最大接收字节数 200

#define EN_USART1_RX             1        //使能(1)/禁止(0)串口1接收
#define EN_USART2_RX             1        //使能(1)/禁止(0)串口1接收      
#define EN_USART3_RX             1        //使能(1)/禁止(0)串口1接收 

#define EN_USART4_RX             1        //使能(1)/禁止(0)串口1接收      
#define EN_USART5_RX             1        //使能(1)/禁止(0)串口1接收 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  定义引用变量    |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//如果想串口中断接收,请不要注释以下宏定义
extern u8  USART_RX_BUF[USART_REC_LEN]; //接收缓冲,最大USART_REC_LEN个字节.末字节为换行符 
extern u16 USART_RX_STA;                     //接收状态标记    




//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: 串口配置函数
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 

void USART1_Configuration(u32 bound);
void USART2_Configuration(u32 bound);
void USART3_Configuration(u32 bound);
void UART4_Configuration(u32 bound);
void UART5_Configuration(u32 bound);


//==================================================================================================
//  实现功能: 串口发送函数
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  |   -   |   -   |   0   |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9   
//================================================================================================== 
void UART_SendChar(USART_TypeDef* USARTx,unsigned char Char);
void UART_SendString(USART_TypeDef* USARTx,unsigned char *String);
unsigned char UART_ReceiveChar(USART_TypeDef* USARTx);
//  USART 发送数组 
void UART_SendArray(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, unsigned char *Array, unsigned char Count);

//  USART 发送回车换行
void UART_SendLine(USART_TypeDef* USARTx);

//  USART 发送数字 
void UART_SendNumber_SignedInteger(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, signed short int Number, unsigned char Count);
void UART_SendNumber_UnsignedInteger(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, unsigned short int Number, unsigned char Count);
void UART_SendNumber_Float(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, float Number, unsigned char Count1, unsigned char Count2);
void UART_SendNumber_Binary(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, int Number, unsigned char Count);

#endif

串口打印效果

串口发送函数
串口1 串口4测试

目录
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