如果因为参数设置不正确造成根据 spfile 里面的错误参数不能启动， 根据alert log 里面启动的提示信息，编辑一个pfile，然后启动
SQL> startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 5.3687E+10 bytes Fixed Size 30395824 bytes Variable Size 6576668672 bytes Database Buffers 4.6976E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 103821312 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL>
创建一个spfile，位置根据alert log 里面的信息
SQL> create spfile='+data3/orcl/parameterfile/spfile' from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'; File created.
使用新的spfile进行启动
SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 5.3687E+10 bytes Fixed Size 30395824 bytes Variable Size 6576668672 bytes Database Buffers 4.6976E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 103821312 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL>
如果路径需要改变，使用下面的命令：
srvctl modify database -d racdb -p +<New_DiskGRP>//spfile.ora
