Mysql 三种安装方式

yum install ncurses-devel libaio-devel -y

groupadd mysql -g 666useradd mysql -u 666 -g 666-s /sbin/nologin -M

mkdir /application 
mkdir /server/tools -p
cd /server/tools/
tar xf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.7.20

mkdir /application/mysql-5.7.20/data  #用于存放数据库数据
mkdir /application/mysql-5.7.20/tmp    #用于存放socket文件
ln -s /application/mysql-5.7.20/ /application/mysql
touch  /application/mysql-5.7.20/mysql.log

#初始化数据库命令
/application/mysql-5.7.20/bin/mysqld --initialize --initialize  --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql-5.7.20 --datadir=/application/mysql-5.7.20/data
#这里会生成MySQL第一次登录使用的临时密码，需要保存下来
2019-01-13T16:11:48.234884Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,rK+/7/AvOF:
参数解释：
--initialize #初始化mysql
--user=mysql #指定mysql用户
--basedir  #指定mysql基础目录
--datadir #指定mysql数据存放目录

chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql-5.7.20

#1.修改启动脚本内容中的路径
cd /application/mysql/support-files/
sed -i 's#/usr/local#/application/mysql#g' mysql.server
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#2.配置my.cnf
[root@db01 /]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/application/mysql/data
socket=/application/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
port=3306
server_id=10
log-error=/application/mysql/mysql.log
log-bin=/application/mysql/data/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip_name_resolve
[mysql]
socket=/application/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqladmin]
socket=/application/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
#3.启动mysql
/etc/init.d/mysqld start

echo 'export "PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"' >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile

[root@db01 /]# mysql -uroot -p,rK+/7/AvOF:
[root@db01 /]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password 123456
Enter password:  #输入旧密码

yum install ncurses-devel libaio-devel cmake -y

groupadd mysql -g 666useradd
mysql -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

mkdir /server/tools -p
mkdir /application -p

cd /server/tools/
rz mysql-5.7.20.tar.gz
[root@db01 tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.20.tar.gz
[root@db01 tools]# cd mysql-5.7.20/
[root@db02 mysql-5.7.20]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.7.20 \
 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.7.20/data \
 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR==/application/mysql-5.7.20/tmp/mysql.sock \
 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql  \
 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  \
 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  \
 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  \
 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  \
 -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1   \
 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1  \
 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost 
[root@db01 mysql-5.6.36]# make && make install
编译参数解释：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX   #MySQL安装的路径
-DMYSQL_DATADIR #存放MySQL数据的路径
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR   #MyQSL启动后的sock存放路径
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET #MySQL数据库中的字符集
-DWITH_BOOST  #mysql源码中用到了C++的Boost库 
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS #例如boost路径填/usr/local/boost，它会在这个目录找，找不到就会自己下载到该目录

[root@db01 mysql-5.7.20]# tree -L 1 /application/mysql-5.7.20/
/application/mysql-5.7.20/
├── bin   #存放mysql命令
├── COPYING
├── COPYING-test
├── docs    #自带帮助文件
├── include
├── lib     #lib库
├── man
├── mysql-test
├── README
├── README-test
├── share
└── support-files

#1.创建软连接
[root@db01 /]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.7.20/ /application/mysql
#2.配置/etc/my.cnf（5.7版本默认不自带my.cnf模板文件）
[root@db01 /]#vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/application/mysql/data
socket=/application/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
port=3306
server_id=10
log-error=/application/mysql/mysql.log
log-bin=/application/mysql/data/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
skip_name_resolve
[client]
socket=/application/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
#3.创建/application/mysql/tmp目录用于存放mysql sock文件，并设置mysql目录权限
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir /application/mysql/tmp -p
[root@db01 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
#4.创建错误日志文件
[root@db01 ~]# touch  /application/mysql-5.7.20/mysql.log
#5.初始化数据库（所有的初始化信息都保存在mysql日志文件中，包括初始化的root密码）
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir /application/mysql-5.7.20/data
[root@db01 ~]# /application/mysql-5.7.20/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql-5.7.20 --datadir=/application/mysql-5.7.20/data
#6.复制mysql启动脚本至/etc/init.d/mysqld，该脚本用于mysql启动，重启以及关闭
[root@db01 ~]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#7.启动mysql数据库，mysql默认端口为3306
[root@db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
[root@db01 ~]# netstat -lntup |grep 3306
#8.增加mysql环境变量，为了可以直接在命令行执行mysql命令
[root@db01 ~]# echo 'export "PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"' >>/etc/profile
[root@db01 ~]# tail -1 /etc/profile
[root@db01 ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@db01 ~]# echo $PATH

[root@db01 /]# grep "temporary password" /application/mysql/mysql.log
2019-01-14T03:22:24.841670Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: H#hbzsuPl1/-
[root@db01 /]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password "123456"
Enter password:  #输入旧密码进行更改
[root@db01 /]# mysql -uroot -p123456 #输入新密码进入数据库

mkdir /server/tools -p
cd /server/tools/

wget http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql-community-server.x86_64

systemctl start mysqldsystemctl enable mysqldnetstat -lntup |grep 3306

# mysql安装完成后，会在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成一个默认的登录密码
[root@db01 /]# grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2019-01-14T02:04:55.465890Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: al_gF&9eZUjW
#进入mysql命令行，修改密码为：MyNewPass4!
[root@db01 /]# mysql -uroot -p"al_gF&9eZUjW"
mysql> set password = password('MyNewPass4!');
注意：mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件（validate_password），默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位

#1.查看系统密码策略
[root@db01 /]# mysql -uroot -pMyNewPass4! -e "show variables like '%password%';" |grep "length"
validate_password_length    8
#2.在/etc/my.cnf配置文件中添加validate_password_policy配置，指定密码策略
[mysqld]
#validate_password_policy=0 
#指定密码策略 0（LOW），1（MEDIUM），2（STRONG）其中一种，选择2需要提供密码字典文件
validate_password = off  #禁用密码策略
#重新启动mysql服务使配置生效：
systemctl restart mysqld
#再次修改mysql密码
[root@db01 /]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password 123456
Enter password:      #输入旧密码MyNewPass4!完成更改

/etc/my.cnf #配置文件/var/log/mysqld.log 
#日志文件/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
#socket文件

#在[mysqld]的段中加上一句：skip-grant-tables 保存并且退出vi。
mysql  -u root
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123qwe') where user='root' and Host = 'localhost';
flush privileges