一、安装环境
JDK 1.8
二、安装Hadoop
1、下载hadoop
http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/ 选择合适的版本
下载hadoop
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.3.0/hadoop-3.3.0.tar.gz
执行 进行解压，为了方便使用吗，mv进行修改名称
1. tar -xzvf hadoop-3.3.0.tar.gz 2. mv hadoop-3.3.0.tar.gz hadoop
2、修改环境变量
将hadoop环境信息写入环境变量中
vim /etc/profile export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
执行source etc/profile使其生效
3、修改配置文件
修改hadoop-env.sh文件，vim etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh修改JAVA_HOME信息
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.262.b10-0.el7_8.x86_64
执行hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.3.0.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z]'，hadoop自带的例子，验证hadoop是否安装成功
三、安装hive
1、下载hive
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-3.1.2/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz
解压tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz
修改名称 mv apache-hive-3.1.2-bin hive
2、修改环境变量
vim /etc/profile
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/hive export PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
source etc/profile
3、修改hivesite 配置
<!-- WARNING!!! This file is auto generated for documentation purposes ONLY! --> <!-- WARNING!!! Any changes you make to this file will be ignored by Hive. --> <!-- WARNING!!! You must make your changes in hive-site.xml instead. --> <!-- Hive Execution Parameters --> <!-- 以下配置原配置都有，搜索之后进行修改或者删除后在统一位置添加 --> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>用户名 <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>密码 <value> 123456 </value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>mysql <value>jdbc:mysql: //127.0.0.1:3306/hive</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>mysql驱动程序 <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.exec.script.wrapper</name> <value/> <description/> </property>
复制mysql的驱动程序到hive/lib下面，然后进入/hive/bin 目录执行
schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
4、验证是否安装成功
hive --version查看当前版本
hive 看是否进入hive命令操作行，进去的话说明成功
四、错误记录
1、配置文件中存在异常字符
根据指定的
Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/opt/hive/lib/hive-common- 3.1 . 2 .jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.net.URISyntaxException: Relative path in absolute URI: ${system:java.io.tmpdir%7D/$%7Bsystem:user.name%7D at org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path.initialize(Path.java: 263 ) at org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path.<init>(Path.java: 221 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createSessionDirs(SessionState.java: 710 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java: 627 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.beginStart(SessionState.java: 591 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java: 747 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java: 683 ) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java: 62 ) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java: 43 ) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java: 498 ) at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java: 323 ) at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java: 236 ) Caused by: java.net.URISyntaxException: Relative path in absolute URI: ${system:java.io.tmpdir%7D/$%7Bsystem:user.name%7D at java.net.URI.checkPath(URI.java: 1823 ) at java.net.URI.<init>(URI.java: 745 ) at org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path.initialize(Path.java: 260 ) ... 12 more
解决方式：
找到指定的配置文件行数，将描述进行删除
<property> <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name> <value>/tmp/hive</value> <description>HDFS root scratch dir for Hive jobs which gets created with write all (733) permission. For each connecting user, an HDFS scratch dir: ${hive.exec.scratchdir}/<username> is created, with ${hive.scratch.dir.permission}.</description> </property> <property> <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name> <value>/tmp/hive/local</value> <description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description> </property> <property> <name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name> <value>/tmp/hive/resources</value> <description>Temporary local directory for added resources in the remote file system.</description> </property>
二、guava版本不一致
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: com.ctc.wstx.exc.WstxParsingException: Illegal character entity: expansion character (code 0x8 at [row,col,system-id]: [ 3215 , 96 , "file:/opt/hive/conf/hive-site.xml" ] at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.loadResource(Configuration.java: 3051 ) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.loadResources(Configuration.java: 3000 ) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getProps(Configuration.java: 2875 ) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.get(Configuration.java: 1484 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.getVar(HiveConf.java: 4996 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.getVar(HiveConf.java: 5069 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.initialize(HiveConf.java: 5156 ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.<init>(HiveConf.java: 5104 ) at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.<init>(HiveSchemaTool.java: 96 ) at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.main(HiveSchemaTool.java: 1473 ) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java: 62 ) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java: 43 ) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java: 498 ) at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java: 323 ) at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java: 236 ) Caused by: com.ctc.wstx.exc.WstxParsingException: Illegal character entity: expansion character (code 0x8 at [row,col,system-id]: [ 3215 , 96 , "file:/opt/hive/conf/hive-site.xml" ] at com.ctc.wstx.sr.StreamScanner.constructWfcException(StreamScanner.java: 621 ) at com.ctc.wstx.sr.StreamScanner.throwParseError(StreamScanner.java: 491 ) at com.ctc.wstx.sr.StreamScanner.reportIllegalChar(StreamScanner.java: 2456 ) at com.ctc.wstx.sr.StreamScanner.validateChar(StreamScanner.java: 2403 ) at com.ctc.wstx.sr.StreamScanner.resolveCharEnt(StreamScanner.java: 2369 ) at com.ctc.wstx.sr.StreamScanner.fullyResolveEntity(StreamScanner.java: 1515 ) at com.ctc.wstx.sr.BasicStreamReader.nextFromTree(BasicStreamReader.java: 2828 ) at com.ctc.wstx.sr.BasicStreamReader.next(BasicStreamReader.java: 1123 ) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration$Parser.parseNext(Configuration.java: 3347 ) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration$Parser.parse(Configuration.java: 3141 ) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.loadResource(Configuration.java: 3034 ) ... 15 more
解决办法：
1、com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument这个类所在的jar包为：guava.jar
2、hadoop-3.2.1（路径：hadoop\share\hadoop\common\lib）中该jar包为 guava-27.0-jre.jar；而hive-3.1.2(路径：hive/lib)中该jar包为guava-19.0.1.jar
3、将jar包变成一致的版本：删除hive中低版本jar包，将hadoop中高版本的复制到hive的lib中。
再次启动问题得到解决！
