SpringBoot项目启动过程中做数据资源初始化的方式-阿里云开发者社区

SpringBoot项目启动过程中做数据资源初始化的方式

2023-03-27 443

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简介： SpringBoot项目启动过程中做数据资源初始化的方式

SpringBoot项目经常遇到启动项目的过程中需要初始化一些数据，比如字典，前置条件数据之类的需求，这个时候需要在项目启动的过程中去做这一块的工作。下面根据经验总结了以下几种项目启动的时候初始化数据的方法，可以选择一个自己喜欢的，从项目启动运行可以看出来他们的加载顺序，在这里不对加载顺序做解释。

以下代码运行在jdk17,SpringBoot3.0.2环境下

先准备下面的接口和服务类，做三层业务逻辑开发的同学都懂

publicinterfaceInitService {
voidinitData();
}
@ServicepublicclassInitServiceImplimplementsInitService {
@Value("${data.param}")
privateStringdataParam;
@OverridepublicvoidinitData() {
System.out.println("initData Service:param is "+dataParam);
    }
}

准备个配置项在properties中

data.param=data param

一、直接在main方法里干，直接果断

@SpringBootApplicationpublicclassSpringbootApplication {
publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args) {
ApplicationContextac=SpringApplication.run(Springboot26DemoApplication.class, args);
InitServiceinitServiceImpl= (InitService) ac.getBean("initServiceImpl");
if(initServiceImpl!=null){
System.out.println("==== SpringApplication.run Start=====");
initServiceImpl.initData();
System.out.println("==== SpringApplication.run End=====");
        }else{
System.out.println("==== SpringApplication.run Start=====");
System.out.println("====initServiceImpl is null=====");
System.out.println("==== SpringApplication.run End=====");
        }
    }
}

二、@PostConstruct注解

@SpringBootApplicationpublicclassSpringbootApplication {
publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args) {
ApplicationContextac=SpringApplication.run(Springboot26DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
@AutowiredprivateInitServiceinitServiceImpl;
@PostConstructpublicvoidinit(){
if(initServiceImpl!=null){
System.out.println("====PostConstruct Start=====");
initServiceImpl.initData();
System.out.println("====PostConstruct End=====");
        }else{
System.out.println("====PostConstruct Start=====");
System.out.println("====initServiceImpl is null=====");
System.out.println("====PostConstruct End=====");
        }
    }
}

三、InitializingBean接口

@ComponentpublicclassInitBeanInitimplementsInitializingBean {
@AutowiredprivateInitServiceinitServiceImpl;
@OverridepublicvoidafterPropertiesSet() throwsException {
if(initServiceImpl!=null){
System.out.println("====InitializingBean afterPropertiesSet Start=====");
initServiceImpl.initData();
System.out.println("====InitializingBean afterPropertiesSet End=====");
        }else{
System.out.println("====InitializingBean afterPropertiesSet Start=====");
System.out.println("====initServiceImpl is null=====");
System.out.println("====InitializingBean afterPropertiesSet End=====");
        }
    }
}

四、@Bean(initMethod = "init")注解

@ComponentpublicclassInitDataBean {
@AutowiredprivateInitServiceinitServiceImpl;
@Bean(initMethod="init")
publicvoidinit() {
if(initServiceImpl!=null){
System.out.println("====@Bean(initMethod = \"init\") Start=====");
initServiceImpl.initData();
System.out.println("====@Bean(initMethod = \"init\") End=====");
        }else{
System.out.println("====@Bean(initMethod = \"init\") Start=====");
System.out.println("====initServiceImpl is null=====");
System.out.println("====@Bean(initMethod = \"init\") End=====");
        }
    }
}

五、ApplicationListener<ApplicationReadyEvent>接口

@ComponentpublicclassInitAppListenerimplementsApplicationListener<ApplicationReadyEvent> {
@AutowiredprivateInitServiceinitServiceImpl;
@OverridepublicvoidonApplicationEvent(ApplicationReadyEventevent) {
if(initServiceImpl!=null){
System.out.println("====ApplicationReadyEvent Start=====");
initServiceImpl.initData();
System.out.println("====ApplicationReadyEvent End=====");
        }else{
System.out.println("====ApplicationReadyEvent Start=====");
System.out.println("====initServiceImpl is null=====");
System.out.println("====ApplicationReadyEvent End=====");
        }
    }
}

六、ApplicationRunner接口

@ComponentpublicclassInitAppRunnerimplementsApplicationRunner {
@AutowiredprivateInitServiceinitServiceImpl;
@Overridepublicvoidrun(ApplicationArgumentsargs) throwsException {
if(initServiceImpl!=null){
System.out.println("====ApplicationRunner Start=====");
initServiceImpl.initData();
System.out.println("====ApplicationRunner End=====");
        }else{
System.out.println("====ApplicationRunner Start=====");
System.out.println("====initServiceImpl is null=====");
System.out.println("====ApplicationRunner End=====");
        }
    }
}

七、CommandLineRunner接口

@ComponentpublicclassInitCommandRunnerimplementsCommandLineRunner {
@AutowiredprivateInitServiceinitServiceImpl;
@Overridepublicvoidrun(String... args) throwsException {
if(initServiceImpl!=null){
System.out.println("====CommandLineRunner Start=====");
initServiceImpl.initData();
System.out.println("====CommandLineRunner End=====");
        }else{
System.out.println("====CommandLineRunner Start=====");
System.out.println("====initServiceImpl is null=====");
System.out.println("====CommandLineRunner End=====");
        }
    }
}

输出结果如下：

====PostConstruct Start=====
initData Service:param is data param
====PostConstruct End=====
====InitializingBean afterPropertiesSet Start=====
initData Service:param is data param
====InitializingBean afterPropertiesSet End=====
====@Bean(initMethod = "init") Start=====
initData Service:param is data param
====@Bean(initMethod = "init") End=====
====ApplicationRunner Start=====
initData Service:param is data param
====ApplicationRunner End=====
====CommandLineRunner Start=====
initData Service:param is data param
====CommandLineRunner End=====
====ApplicationReadyEvent Start=====
initData Service:param is data param
====ApplicationReadyEvent End=====
==== SpringApplication.run Start=====
initData Service:param is data param
==== SpringApplication.run End=====

SpringBoot项目启动过程中做数据资源初始化的方式

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