写在前面
这个是当下最流行最时髦的AI神器chatGPT和我一起合作写的一篇通用技术文章,请读者笑纳!
chatGPT说
咚咚咚,咚咚咚,嘿嘿;咚咚咚,咚咚咚,嘿嘿;AI等一会,我来发答案,看图!!!
命令演示
ifconfig:查看当前系统的网络接口配置信息,包括IP地址、子网掩码、网关等信息;
如果你发现用不了,那你要不装下包,或者ip addr
其实查出来也差不多
ping:用于测试网络连接,可以测试远程主机是否可达、延迟等信息;
感觉良好,能ping通啊,linux系统默认是一直ping下去,你可以按CTRL +C
把它掐掉。
traceroute:跟踪数据包在网络中的路径和路由,用于定位网络故障;
墙墙外很通畅,速度很快
墙墙内也就这样吧,感觉良好
netstat:查看当前系统的网络连接和网络统计信息;
一页放不下,贴日志吧
ubuntu@VM-0-16-ubuntu:~$ netstat
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 VM-0-16-ubuntu:60768 169.254.0.138:8186 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 VM-0-16-ubuntu:43352 169.254.0.55:5574 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 VM-0-16-ubuntu:35514 169.254.0.4:http TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 VM-0-16-ubuntu:43354 169.254.0.55:5574 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 52 VM-0-16-ubuntu:ssh 124.160.67.3:2439 ESTABLISHED
Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 8407869 /run/user/500/systemd/notify
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 25793 /usr/local/qcloud/YunJing/conf/ydrpc_3
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 201820 @/usr/local/qcloud/YunJing/conf/ydrpc_3@
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 14415 /run/systemd/notify
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 14428 /run/systemd/journal/syslog
unix 11 [ ] DGRAM 14446 /run/systemd/journal/dev-log
unix 8 [ ] DGRAM 14450 /run/systemd/journal/socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8408699 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22162 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21873
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 25094 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8407840
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 21122
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 14878 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23987
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22161
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19897
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21910
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8409252
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 15992
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21119 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22519 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 14417
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18366
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 8407870
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21628 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8610754
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19646 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8409253
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21292 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21118
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 8407871
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21909
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 8408695
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8611103 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 16040
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 16039
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21874 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19644
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 8407847
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8616394
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8616395 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22802
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8609648 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 8407850
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8610532
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19642
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 21629
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17178
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22803 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17179 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 18158
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19643
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 18994
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 184145
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 18983
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 14416
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 21930
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22424
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 9077544
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21449
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19606
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 18992
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18974
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20453
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8615773
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19391
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 200967
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22796 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21291
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18976 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 184143
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19340
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 18993
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21527 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 18995
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22518
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 184146
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 184144
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21526
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22425 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 26774
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21450 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8616393 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19645 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19092
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 15487 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20673
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19647 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19614
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20674 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8616416 /run/user/500/bus
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 13956
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19617
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8616396
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8616414
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 8616413
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19094 /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 15486
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 8616408
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 14867
ubuntu@VM-0-16-ubuntu:~$
nslookup:用于查询域名的解析信息,包括IP地址、域名服务器等信息;
墙墙外很通畅,速度很快
墙墙内也就这样吧,感觉良好
dig:用于查询DNS服务器的信息,可以查看域名的详细解析信息;
贴日志吧
ubuntu@VM-0-16-ubuntu:~$ dig www.google.com
; <<>> DiG 9.11.3-1ubuntu1.18-Ubuntu <<>> www.google.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 22782
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.google.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.google.com. 295 IN A 142.251.42.164
;; Query time: 5 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53)
;; WHEN: Tue Mar 14 23:52:26 CST 2023
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 59
ubuntu@VM-0-16-ubuntu:~$ dig www.zhengjiangtao.cn
; <<>> DiG 9.11.3-1ubuntu1.18-Ubuntu <<>> www.zhengjiangtao.cn
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 59614
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.zhengjiangtao.cn. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.zhengjiangtao.cn. 229 IN CNAME ataola.github.io.
ataola.github.io. 3229 IN A 185.199.110.153
ataola.github.io. 3229 IN A 185.199.109.153
ataola.github.io. 3229 IN A 185.199.108.153
ataola.github.io. 3229 IN A 185.199.111.153
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53)
;; WHEN: Tue Mar 14 23:52:35 CST 2023
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 143
ubuntu@VM-0-16-ubuntu:~$
route:用于显示和操作系统的路由表,可以添加、删除、修改路由规则;
添加删除修改略
iptables:用于配置和管理系统的防火墙规则,可以限制或允许特定的网络流量;、
我觉得chatGPT说的真好,我觉得引用她说的话,下面是她给我的原话。
iptables是一个用于配置和管理Linux操作系统防火墙的工具,可以限制或允许特定的网络流量,提高系统的安全性。以下是iptables的使用方法:
查看当前iptables规则:使用命令sudo iptables -L
可以查看当前系统的iptables规则,包括已有的规则和默认的规则。
添加iptables规则:使用命令sudo iptables -A
可以添加新的iptables规则,例如:
sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
上面的命令表示,允许来自192.168.1.0/24网段的主机使用SSH协议(TCP端口为22)连接到本机。
删除iptables规则:使用命令sudo iptables -D
可以删除指定的iptables规则,例如:
sudo iptables -D INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
上面的命令表示,删除允许来自192.168.1.0/24网段的主机使用SSH协议(TCP端口为22)连接到本机的规则。
保存iptables规则:使用命令sudo iptables-save
可以将当前的iptables规则保存到文件中,例如:
sudo iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4
上面的命令表示,将当前的iptables规则保存到文件/etc/iptables/rules.v4
中。
加载iptables规则:使用命令sudo iptables-restore
可以从文件中加载iptables规则,例如:
sudo iptables-restore < /etc/iptables/rules.v4
上面的命令表示,从文件/etc/iptables/rules.v4
中加载iptables规则。
需要注意的是,iptables的规则配置比较复杂,需要了解网络协议和端口等相关知识。建议在进行iptables规则配置时,先备份当前的规则,避免出现不必要的问题。同时,也建议在实际操作中,使用特权用户或者root用户进行执行。
ssh:用于远程登录到其他计算机,进行网络管理和操作;
使用ssh root@ip地址
既可以登录到其他的主机上,默认端口是22可以不写,配置ssh密码可以不输入。
curl:用于向远程服务器发送HTTP请求,可以获取网页内容、下载文件等
curl和wget互为姊妹,可以对照着学学
以上就是今天的全部内容,希望能在运维路上帮到你,让我们下期再见!