Sentinel简介
Sentinel是分布式系统的流量防卫兵
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D
Sentinel安装
注意:
1)8080和8719端口要开放
2)window和Linux安装一样
3)建议刚开始学的时候微服务和Sentinel在一台服务器上,否则有坑(见文章下面的坑)
下载地址
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
http://ip:8080/ 账号和密码都是sentinel
Sentinel监控微服务
下面的项目是 SpringBoot2.2.2 + springcloud-alibaba 2.1.0
在pringboot+web的基础之上
添加依赖
<!--alibaba-nacos-discovery--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- sentinel --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency>
修改applicationyml,添加注册中心地址和sentinel地址
server: port: 8401 spring: application: name: sentinel-service cloud: nacos: discovery: #Nacos注册中心地址 server-addr: 39.105.30.146:8848 sentinel: transport: #dashboard地址 dashboard: localhost:8080 port: 8719 #默认端口,如果被占用则从8719依次+1扫描 management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: "*"
修改主启动类
@EnableDiscoveryClient
添加controller
@RestController public class HelloController { @GetMapping("/testA") public String testA() { return "---------testA"; } @GetMapping("/testB") public String testB() { return "---------testB"; } }
启动项目并且多访问几次
http://localhost:8401/testA
http://localhost:8401/testB
结果如下图所示
自定义限流处理类
//CustomerBlockHandler @GetMapping("/rateLimit/CustomerBlockHandler") @SentinelResource(value = "CustomerBlockHandler",//热点规则的资源名称 blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class,//自定义限流处理类 blockHandler = "handlerException2")//流量达到限制时调用 自定义限流处理类(CustomerBlockHandler)里的方法(handlerException2) public CommonResult CustomerBlockHandler(){ return new CommonResult(200,"按客户自定义限流测试OK", new Payment(2020L, "serial003")); }
public class CustomerBlockHandler { public static CommonResult handlerException2(BlockException exception) { return new CommonResult(4444, "按客户自定义2,global handlerException", new Payment(2020L, "serial0003")); } }
遇到的坑(没有解决,但是有参考意义)
日志中出现这种错误
2019-07-23 14:57:33.256 ERROR 14788 --- [pool-2-thread-1] c.a.c.s.dashboard.metric.MetricFetcher : Failed to fetch metric from <http://192.16.100.141:8721/metric?startTime=1563865044000&endTime=1563865050000&refetch=false> (ConnectionException: Connection refused: no further information)
我当时是把Sentinel启动在阿里云服务器上,然后我电脑在启动SpringBoot微服务A(需要Sentinel监控)时候微服务A给Sentinel发送的地址默认是内网地址(192.xxx),而不是外网地址,所以当Sentinel给192.xx发送心跳就发送不到,就监控不到服务和请求
解决步骤:
1)手动设置一个参数(csp.sentinel.heartbeat.client.ip)为真实的外网地址
2)保证A能ping通B,B能ping通A (有时候A能ping通B并不一定B能ping通A)
@SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients public class NacosSentinelOpenfeign80Application { public static void main(String[] args) { String ip = IPUntils.getOutIPV4(); System.setProperty(TransportConfig.HEARTBEAT_CLIENT_IP, ip); SpringApplication.run(NacosSentinelOpenfeign80Application.class, args); } }
sentinel监控不到服务或者监控不到请求
出现的根本原因还是上面的那个问题,下下策把sentinel和微服务放在一起就没这问题