JMeter是目前比较广泛使用的性能测试工具。JMeter通过Java的多线程来模拟性能的多用户的功能。JMeter可以在GUI下运行也可以在非GUI下运行。由于在GUI下会占用一定的压测机资源，所以JMeter官方不支持在GUI下面运行，打开JMeter.bat，在命令行中会显示如下内容：

通过日常的工作，我总结除了，在非GUI模式下运行JMeter的三种方法。

1 最通用的方式

格式：

jmeter -n -t jmx文件名 -l jtl格式记录文件

比如：

jmeter -n -t ebusiness.jmx -l logfile1.jtl

在这里有几个最基本的参数：

-h 帮助：打印出有用的信息并退出
-n 非 GUI 模式：在非 GUI 模式下运行 JMeter
-t 测试文件要运行的JMeter 测试脚本文件
-l 日志文件记录结果的文件
-r 远程执行：在Jmter.properties文件中指定的所有远程服务器
-H 代理主机：设置 JMeter使用的代理主机
-P 代理端口：设置 JMeter使用的代理主机的端口号

运行结果如下

D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter Script\CLI>jmeter -n -t ebusiness.jmx -l  logfile1.jtl
Jun 07, 2021 5:38:23  PM java.util.prefs.WindowsPreferences <init>
WARNING: Could not  open/create prefs root node Software\JavaSoft\Prefs at root 0x80000002.  Windows RegCreateKeyEx(...) returned error code 5.
Creating summariser  <summary>
Created the tree  successfully using ebusiness.jmx
Starting the test @  Mon Jun 07 17:38:24 CST 2021 (1623058704060)
Waiting for possible  Shutdown/StopTestNow/HeapDump/ThreadDump message on port 4445
summary +      1 in 00:00:03 =    0.3/s Avg:    17 Min:     17 Max:    17 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 2 Started: 2 Finished:  0
summary +   1792 in 00:00:29 =   61.2/s Avg:   300 Min:     2 Max:   7292 Err:    19 (1.06%) Active:  20 Started: 20 Finished: 0
summary =   1793 in 00:00:32 =   55.3/s Avg:   300 Min:     2 Max:   7292 Err:    19 (1.06%)
summary +   1877 in 00:00:30 =   62.6/s Avg:   322 Min:     2 Max:   6837 Err:    15 (0.80%) Active:  20 Started: 20 Finished: 0
summary =   3670 in 00:01:02 =   58.8/s Avg:   312 Min:     2 Max:   7292 Err:    34 (0.93%)
summary +   1663 in 00:00:30 =   55.2/s Avg:   373 Min:     3 Max:   6995 Err:    16 (0.96%) Active:  20 Started: 20 Finished: 0
summary =   5333 in 00:01:33 =   57.6/s Avg:   331  Min:     2 Max:  7292 Err:     50 (0.94%)
…

运行产生的logfile1.jtl可以通过JMeter的GUI界面加载到报告中。

2 通过Taurus运行

要通过Taurus运行，首先要配置好python环境。然后通过pip3 install bzt命令安装Taurus插件。

接下来配置blaze_exist_jmeter_config.yml文件

execution:
  - scenario: simple
scenarios:
   simple:
        script: ebusiness.jmx
modules:
    jmeter:
download-link:  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//jmeter/binaries/apache-jmeter-{version}.zip
        version: 5.2.1

最后运行bzt blaze_exist_jmeter_config.yml即可。

D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter Script\Taurus>bzt  blaze_exist_jmeter_config.yml
17:54:16 INFO: Taurus  CLI Tool v1.14.2
17:54:16 INFO:  Starting with configs: ['blaze_exist_jmeter_config.yml']
17:54:16 INFO:  Configuring...
17:54:16 INFO:  Artifacts dir: D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter Script\Taurus\2021-06-07_17-54-16.816972
17:54:16 INFO:  Preparing...
17:54:18 WARNING:  There is newer version of Taurus 1.15.3 available, consider upgrading. What's  new: http://gettaurus.org/docs/Changelog/
17:54:21 INFO: 3  obsolete CookieManagers are found and fixed
17:54:27 INFO:  Starting...
17:54:27 INFO:  Waiting for results...
17:54:27 INFO: Did  not mute console logging
17:54:28 INFO:  Waiting for finish...

3 通过Ant启动

1）安装并且配置Apache Ant

2）修改%JMETER_HOME%\bin\jmeter.properties

jmeter.save.saveservice.output_format=xml

配置build.xml

<!--需要改成自己本地的Jmeter目录-->
    <property  name="jmeter.home" value="C:\apache\apache-jmeter-5.1.1\"  />
    <!-- jmeter生成jtl格式的结果报告的路径-->
    <property  name="jmeter.result.jtl.dir" value="C:\apache\apache-jmeter-5.1.1\demoant\report\"  />
    <!-- jmeter生成html格式的结果报告的路径-->
    <property  name="jmeter.result.html.dir" value="C:\apache\apache-jmeter-5.1.1\demoant\report\"  />
    <!--生成的报告的前缀-->
    <property  name="ReportName" value="电子商务系统测试报告" />
    <property  name="jmeter.result.jtlName"  value="${jmeter.result.jtl.dir}/${ReportName}${time}.jtl" />
    <property  name="jmeter.result.htmlName"  value="${jmeter.result.html.dir}/${ReportName}${time}.html" />
    <!--电脑地址-->
    <property  name="ComputerName" value="JerryGu" />
    <target  name="all">
        <antcall  target="ebusiness" />
        <antcall target="report"  />
    </target>
    <target  name="ebusiness">
        <taskdef  name="jmeter"  classname="org.programmerplanet.ant.taskdefs.jmeter.JMeterTask"  />
        <jmeter  jmeterhome="${jmeter.home}"  resultlog="${jmeter.result.jtlName}">
            <!--声明要运行的脚本。"*.jmx"指包含此目录下的所有jmeter脚本-->
            <testplans  dir=" D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter  Script\Ant\" includes="*.jmx" />
        </jmeter>
    </target>
            <!--定义生成报告日期-->
    <path  id="xslt.classpath">
        <fileset  dir="${jmeter.home}/lib" includes="xalan*.jar"/>
        <fileset  dir="${jmeter.home}/lib" includes="serializer*.jar"/>
    </path>
    <target  name="report">
        <tstamp>  <format property="report.datestamp" pattern="yyyy/MM/dd  HH:mm" /></tstamp>
        <xslt
               classpathref="xslt.classpath"
               force="true"
               in="${jmeter.result.jtlName}"
               out="${jmeter.result.htmlName}"
               style="${jmeter.home}/extras/jmeter-results-detail-report_21.xsl">
              <param  name="dateReport" expression="${report.datestamp}"/>
         </xslt>
        <!--因为上面生成报告的时候，不会将相关的图片也一起拷贝至目标目录，所以，需要手动拷贝-->
        <copy  todir="${jmeter.result.html.dir}">
            <fileset  dir="${jmeter.home}/extras">
                <include  name="collapse.png" />
                <include  name="expand.png" />
            </fileset>
        </copy>
    </target>
</project>

其中

“C:\apache\apache-jmeter-5.1.1\”为%JMETER_HOME%。
“D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeterScript\Ant\”为jmx文件所在位置

“电子商务系统测试报告”为报告的头文件。

运行Ant

D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter Script\Ant>ant
Buildfile:  D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter  Script\Ant\build.xml
all:
ebusiness:
   [jmeter] Executing test plan: D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter Script\Ant\ebusiness.jmx  ==> C:\apache\apache-jmeter-5.1.1\demoant\report\电子商务系统测试报告202106070611.jtl
   [jmeter] 六月 07, 2021 6:11:24 下午  java.util.prefs.WindowsPreferences <init>
   [jmeter] 警告: Could not open/create prefs  root node Software\JavaSoft\Prefs at root 0x80000002. Windows  RegCreateKeyEx(...) returned error code 5.
   [jmeter] Creating summariser  <summary>
   [jmeter] Created the tree successfully  using D:\DOCUMENT\培训与演讲\培训\软件性能测试\JMeter Script\Ant\ebusiness.jmx
   [jmeter] Starting the test @ Mon Jun 07  18:11:25 CST 2021 (1623060685033)
   [jmeter] Waiting for possible  Shutdown/StopTestNow/HeapDump/ThreadDump message on port 4445
   [jmeter] summary +      1 in 00:00:03 =    0.3/s Avg:    23 Min:     23 Max:    23 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active: 2 Started: 2 Finished:  0
   [jmeter] summary +   1660 in 00:00:28 =   58.4/s Avg:   330 Min:     3 Max:   5740 Err:     0 (0.00%) Active:  20 Started: 20 Finished: 0
   [jmeter] summary =   1661 in 00:00:32 =   52.5/s Avg:   330 Min:     3 Max:   5740 Err:     0 (0.00%)
   [jmeter] summary +   1714 in 00:00:30 =   57.1/s Avg:   343 Min:     3 Max:   6958 Err:     3 (0.18%) Active:  20 Started: 20 Finished: 0
   [jmeter] summary =   3375 in 00:01:02 =   54.7/s Avg:   336 Min:     3 Max:   6958 Err:     3 (0.09%)
   [jmeter] summary +   1792 in 00:00:30 =   59.7/s Avg:   340 Min:     3 Max:   6744 Err:     2 (0.11%) Active:  20 Started: 20 Finished: 0
   [jmeter] summary =   5167 in 00:01:32 =   56.4/s Avg:   338 Min:     3 Max:   6958 Err:     5 (0.10%)
   [jmeter] summary +   1842 in 00:00:30 =   61.4/s Avg:   312 Min:     2 Max:   6929 Err:    10 (0.54%) Active:  20 Started: 20 Finished: 0
   [jmeter] summary =   7009 in 00:02:02 =   57.6/s Avg:   331 Min:     2 Max:   6958 Err:    15 (0.21%)
…