听说你没法在JRE中使用arthas？不，你可以！

// ./src/main/java/Main.java
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    while (true) {
      System.out.println("hello!");
      Thread.sleep(30 * 1000);
    }
  }
}

# ./Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine as builder
COPY ./ /app
WORKDIR /app/src/main/java/
# 编译java文件
RUN javac Main.java
# 运行时容器使用JRE
FROM openjdk:8-jre-alpine
RUN apk add bash curl busybox-extras
WORKDIR /app/src/main/java/
# 将arthas copy 到容器中
COPY --from=hengyunabc/arthas:latest /opt/arthas /opt/arthas
COPY --from=builder /app/src/main/java/ /app/src/main/java/
CMD ["java", "Main"]

$ # 构建镜像
$ docker build . -t example-attach
$ # 启动容器
$ docker run --name example-attach --rm example-attach
$ # 在另一个终端进入容器，执行as.sh
$ docker exec -it example-attach sh
/app/src/main/java $ /opt/arthas/as.sh
Arthas script version: 3.6.7
tools.jar was not found, so arthas could not be launched!

# 替换容器为JDK镜像并运行
# 先启动Attach Listener
$ pid=1 ;\
  touch /proc/${pid}/cwd/.attach_pid${pid} && \
  kill -SIGQUIT ${pid} && \
  sleep 2 &&
  ls /proc/${pid}/root/tmp/.java_pid${pid}
# -x表示调试执行，会输出执行了哪些命令；1为java进程pid
$ bash -x /opt/arthas/as.sh 1
...
+ /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk/bin/java -Xbootclasspath/a:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk/lib/tools.jar -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /opt/arthas/arthas-core.jar -pid 1 -core /opt/arthas/arthas-core.jar -agent /opt/arthas/arthas-agent.jar
...
+ telnet 127.0.0.1 3658
...

# 替换容器为JRE镜像并运行
# 先启动Attach Listener
$ pid=1 ;\
  touch /proc/${pid}/cwd/.attach_pid${pid} && \
  kill -SIGQUIT ${pid} && \
  sleep 2 &&
  ls /proc/${pid}/root/tmp/.java_pid${pid}
$ cd /opt/arthas/
$ java -jar arthas-core.jar -pid 1 -core arthas-core.jar -agent arthas-agent.jar
Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/sun/tools/attach/AgentLoadException
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(LauncherHelper.java:544)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:526)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.tools.attach.AgentLoadException
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:382)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 7 more

# 安装 jattach
$ apk add jattach
# 挂载arthas-agent.jar
$ jattach 1 load instrument false /opt/arthas/arthas-agent.jar
Connected to remote JVM
JVM response code = 0
return code: 0
# netstat确认下监听端口
$ netstat -alnp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3658          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/java
...
# 连接对应端口
$ java -jar /opt/arthas/arthas-client.jar 127.0.0.1 3658

$ pid=1 ;\
  jattach ${pid} load instrument false /opt/arthas/arthas-agent.jar && \
  java -jar /opt/arthas/arthas-client.jar 127.0.0.1 3658