1 控件准备
创建winform窗体,并将其IsMdiContainer属性设置为true
1.1 Mdi窗体空间及设置
(1)RibbonControl控件
Navigation & Layout下添加RibbonControl控件
(2)按钮添加
添加按钮barbtn_database,Caption = “数据库处理”;
1.2 数据库处理子窗体
添加名称为dataBase的窗体
添加dataGridView控件,属性设置如下:
添加panel控件,设置Anchor属性为Top, Bottom, Left, Right
在panel控件上拖拽四个button控件,
2 实现代码
2.1 名称空间引用
添加名称空间引用:using System.Data.OleDb; //连接Access数据库使用
添加名称空间引用:using System.Threading; //导出到excel使用
添加名称空间引用:using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
2.2 全局变量定义
数据库链接字符串全局变量:
string connectStr= @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=你的数据库mdb文件路径\Database1.mdb";
存放数据的中介变量
System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable(); //注:此处与Excel的名称空间冲突,故使用全名
2.3 在窗体Load事件中添加代码显示数据
//加载数据库 private void dataBase_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { OleDbConnection connection = new OleDbConnection(connectStr); connection.Open(); OleDbCommand cmd = connection.CreateCommand(); cmd.CommandText = "select * from fruit"; OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); adapter.Fill(ds); dt = ds.Tables[0]; dataGridView1.DataSource = dt; connection.Close(); cmd.Dispose(); connection.Dispose(); }
2.4 数据库更新代码
//更新数据到数据库中 private void btn_updataToDatabase_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { OleDbConnection connection = new OleDbConnection(connectStr); connection.Open(); OleDbCommand cmd = connection.CreateCommand(); cmd.CommandText = "select * from fruit"; OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd); OleDbCommandBuilder cmdBulid = new OleDbCommandBuilder(adapter); adapter.DeleteCommand = cmdBulid.GetDeleteCommand(); adapter.InsertCommand = cmdBulid.GetInsertCommand(); adapter.UpdateCommand = cmdBulid.GetUpdateCommand(); adapter.Update((System.Data.DataTable)dataGridView1.DataSource); adapter.Dispose(); cmdBulid.Dispose(); cmd.Dispose(); connection.Dispose(); }
2.5 删除DataGridView数据记录代码
//删除dataGridView中的记录 private void btn_deleteDataItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { int cnt = dataGridView1.SelectedRows.Count; for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) { DataRowView drv = dataGridView1.SelectedRows[i].DataBoundItem as DataRowView; drv.Delete(); } }
2.6 更新数据库代码
//更新数据到数据库中 private void btn_updataToDatabase_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { OleDbConnection connection = new OleDbConnection(connectStr); connection.Open(); OleDbCommand cmd = connection.CreateCommand(); cmd.CommandText = "select * from fruit"; OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd); OleDbCommandBuilder cmdBulid = new OleDbCommandBuilder(adapter); adapter.DeleteCommand = cmdBulid.GetDeleteCommand(); adapter.InsertCommand = cmdBulid.GetInsertCommand(); adapter.UpdateCommand = cmdBulid.GetUpdateCommand(); adapter.Update((System.Data.DataTable)dataGridView1.DataSource); adapter.Dispose(); cmdBulid.Dispose(); cmd.Dispose(); connection.Dispose(); }
2.7 输出到Excel代码
//导出数据到Excel表格中 private void btn_ouputToExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { SaveFileDialog saveDlg = new SaveFileDialog(); saveDlg.Filter = "*.xls|*.xls"; string outputStr; if (saveDlg.ShowDialog() == System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK) { Excel._Application myExcel; ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem( (pp) => { myExcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application(); Excel.Workbook p_wk = myExcel.Workbooks.Add(); Excel.Worksheet p_ws = (Excel.Worksheet)p_wk.Worksheets.Add(); for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { p_ws.Cells[i + 1, 1] = dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[0].Value.ToString(); p_ws.Cells[i + 1, 2] = dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[1].Value.ToString(); p_ws.Cells[i + 1, 3] = dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[2].Value.ToString(); } p_wk.SaveAs(saveDlg.FileName); ((Excel._Application)myExcel.Application).Quit(); this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)(() => { MessageBox.Show("导出到Excel成功", "提示信息"); })); } ); } outputStr = saveDlg.FileName; saveDlg.Dispose(); }
3 界面展示
3.1 原始数据库及数据载入
3.2 删除和增加记录
3.3 数据库更新
3.4 导出到Excel
4 总结及疑问
4.1 成果总结:
系统练习了使用C#进行数据库更新、删除和修改操作,并将dataGridView中的数据导出到Excel表格中;
4.2 仍存在的问题:
(1)数据库采用自动编号,我手动输入的ID与更新后的数据库ID不一致,有待深入研究改善;
(2)刷新ID仅仅是在DataGridView控件中进行的,并未实际更新到数据库中