项目说明，本项目是李宏毅老师在飞桨授权课程的作业解析

课程传送门

该项目AiStudio项目传送门

数据集传送门

本项目仅用于参考，提供思路和想法并非标准答案！请谨慎抄袭！

中文新闻文本标题分类Paddle2.0版本基线（非官方）

非官方，三岁出品！（虽水必精）

调优小建议

本项目基线的值不会很高，需要自行调参来提高效果。

优化建议：

修改模型现在是线性模型可以尝试修改更为复杂的
对于nlp项目更加友好的（具体的我也不是很清楚）
调整学习率来调整我们最好效果的查找
可以通过对已有模型进一步训练得到较好的效果

数据集地址

https://aistudio.baidu.com/aistudio/datasetdetail/75812

任务描述

基于THUCNews数据集的文本分类， THUCNews是根据新浪新闻RSS订阅频道2005~2011年间的历史数据筛选过滤生成，包含74万篇新闻文档，参赛者需要根据新闻标题的内容用算法来判断该新闻属于哪一类别

数据说明

THUCNews是根据新浪新闻RSS订阅频道2005~2011年间的历史数据筛选过滤生成，包含74万篇新闻文档（2.19 GB），均为UTF-8纯文本格式。在原始新浪新闻分类体系的基础上，重新整合划分出14个候选分类类别：财经、彩票、房产、股票、家居、教育、科技、社会、时尚、时政、体育、星座、游戏、娱乐。

已将训练集按照“标签ID+\t+标签+\t+原文标题”的格式抽取出来，可以直接根据新闻标题进行文本分类任务，希望答题者能够给出自己的解决方案。

训练集格式标签ID+\t+标签+\t+原文标题测试集格式原文标题

提交答案

考试提交，需要提交模型代码项目版本和结果文件。结果文件为TXT文件格式，命名为result.txt，文件内的字段需要按照指定格式写入。

1.每个类别的行数和测试集原始数据行数应一一对应，不可乱序

2.输出结果应检查是否为83599行数据，否则成绩无效

3.输出结果文件命名为result.txt，一行一个类别，样例如下：

游戏

财经

时政

股票

家居

科技

社会

房产

教育

星座

科技

股票

游戏

财经

时政

股票

家居

科技

社会

房产

教育

···

代码思路说明

根据题目可以知道这个是一个经典的nlp任务。

根据nlp任务处理的一般流程，我们需要进行以下几个步骤：

数据处理并转换成词向量
模型的搭建
数据的训练
模型读取并推理数据得到结果

那么话不多说我们开始！

数据集解压

! pip install -U paddlepaddle==2.0.1

! unzip -oq /home/aistudio/data/data75812/新闻文本标签分类.zip

import paddle
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import paddle.nn as nn
import os
import numpy as np
print(paddle.__version__)  # 查看当前版本
# cpu/gpu环境选择，在 paddle.set_device() 输入对应运行设备。
# device = paddle.set_device('gpu')

/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py:107: DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated, and in 3.8 it will stop working
  from collections import MutableMapping
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/rcsetup.py:20: DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated, and in 3.8 it will stop working
  from collections import Iterable, Mapping
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/colors.py:53: DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated, and in 3.8 it will stop working
  from collections import Sized
2021-03-27 12:21:25,020 - INFO - font search path ['/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/fonts/ttf', '/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/fonts/afm', '/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/fonts/pdfcorefonts']
2021-03-27 12:21:25,357 - INFO - generated new fontManager
2.0.1

数据处理

首先我们考虑词向量的书写方式。

我们先制作词典（此处词典已经制作完成，我们直接读取就好了，词典制作过程会放在留言中）

我们把词典和我们的数据集进行对应，制作完成一个纯数字的对应码

得到对应码以后进行输出测试是否正确。

数据无误进行填充，把数据码用特殊标签进行替代完成数据长度相同的内容

检验数据长度

数据读取（字典、数据集）

# 字典读取
def get_dict_len(d_path):
    with open(d_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        line = eval(f.readlines()[0])
    return line
word_dict = get_dict_len('新闻文本标签分类/dict.txt')

# 训练集和验证集读取
set = []
def dataset(datapath):  # 数据集读取代码
    with open(datapath)as f:
        for i in f.readlines():
            data = []
            dataset = i[:i.rfind('\t')].split(',')  # 获取文字内容
            dataset = np.array(dataset)
            data.append(dataset)
            label = np.array(i[i.rfind('\t')+1:-1])  # 获取标签
            data.append(label)
            set.append(data)
    return set
train_dataset = dataset('新闻文本标签分类/Train_IDs.txt')
val_dataset = dataset('新闻文本标签分类/Val_IDs.txt')

数据初始化

定义一些需要的值

# 初始数据准备 
vocab_size = len(word_dict) + 1  # 字典长度加1
print(vocab_size)
emb_size = 256  # 神经网络长度
seq_len = 30  # 数据集长度（需要扩充的长度）
batch_size = 32  # 批处理大小
epochs = 2  # 训练轮数
pad_id = word_dict['<unk>']  # 空的填充内容值
nu=["财经","彩票","房产","股票","家居","教育","科技","社会","时尚","时政","体育","星座","游戏","娱乐"]
# 生成句子列表（数据码生成文本）
def ids_to_str(ids):
    # print(ids)
    words = []
    for k in ids:
        w = list(word_dict)[eval(k)]
        words.append(w if isinstance(w, str) else w.decode('ASCII'))
    return " ".join(words)

数据查看

查看数据是否正确如有异常及时修改

# 查看数据内容
for i in  train_dataset:
    sent = i[0]
    label = int(i[1])
    print('sentence list id is:', sent)  # 数据内容
    print('sentence label id is:', label)  # 对应标签
    print('--------------------------')  # 分隔线
    print('sentence list is: ', ids_to_str(sent))  # 转换后的数据
    print('sentence label is: ', nu[label])  # 转换后的标签
    break

sentence list id is: ['2976' '385' '2050' '3757' '1147' '3296' '1585' '688' '1180' '2608'
 '4280' '1887']
sentence label id is: 0
--------------------------
sentence list is:  上 证 5 0 E T F 净 申 购 突 增
sentence label is:  财经

数据扩充

把数据扩充成一样的长度

# 数据扩充并查看
def create_padded_dataset(dataset):
    padded_sents = []
    labels = []
    for batch_id, data in enumerate(dataset):  # 读取数据
        sent, label = data[0], data[1]  # 标签和数据拆分
        padded_sent = np.concatenate([sent[:seq_len], [pad_id] * (seq_len - len(sent))]).astype('int32')  # 数据拼接
        # print(padded_sent)
        padded_sents.append(padded_sent)  # 写入数据
        labels.append(label)  # 写入标签
    # print(padded_sents)
    return np.array(padded_sents), np.array(labels).astype('int64')  # 转换成数组并返回
# 对train、val数据进行实例化
train_sents, train_labels = create_padded_dataset(train_dataset)  # 实例化训练集
val_sents, val_labels = create_padded_dataset(val_dataset)  # 实例化测试集
train_labels = train_labels.reshape(832475,1)  # 标签数据大小转换
val_labels = val_labels.reshape(832475,1)
# 查看数据大小及举例内容
print(train_sents.shape)
print(train_labels.shape)
print(val_sents.shape)
print(val_labels.shape)

(832475, 30)
(832475, 1)
(832475, 30)
(832475, 1)

数据封装

通过继承paddle.io.Dataset类，把数据封装然后生成可以训练的数据格式

# 继承paddle.io.Dataset对数据进行处理
class IMDBDataset(paddle.io.Dataset):
    '''
    继承paddle.io.Dataset类进行封装数据
    '''
    def __init__(self, sents, labels):
        # 数据读取
        self.sents = sents
        self.labels = labels
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        # 数据处理
        data = self.sents[index]
        label = self.labels[index]
        return data, label
    def __len__(self):
        # 返回大小数据
        return len(self.sents)
# 数据实例化 
train_dataset = IMDBDataset(train_sents, train_labels)
val_dataset = IMDBDataset(val_sents, val_labels)
# 封装成生成器
train_loader = paddle.io.DataLoader(train_dataset, return_list=True,
                                    shuffle=True, batch_size=batch_size, drop_last=True)
val_loader = paddle.io.DataLoader(val_dataset, return_list=True,
                                    shuffle=True, batch_size=batch_size, drop_last=True)

# 查看生成器内的数据内容及大小
for i in train_loader:
    print(i)
    break
for j in val_loader:
    print(j)
    break

[Tensor(shape=[32, 30], dtype=int32, place=CPUPlace, stop_gradient=True,
       [[4041, 4370, 3449, 3536, 103 , 2896, 4133, 312 , 1974, 3933, 2380, 805 , 3956, 4805, 3129, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1440, 3740, 1169, 2663, 4401, 4591, 4874, 2734, 989 , 1980, 5016, 450 , 335 , 1562, 2543, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
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        [2573, 536 , 1230, 3757, 610 , 2018, 1974, 39  , 1629, 121 , 4625, 294 , 450 , 1991, 3149, 4389, 1146, 1736, 588 , 3388, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
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        [2185, 4673, 1546, 2991, 1120, 5025, 782 , 5025, 1674, 3717, 1006, 2099, 4807, 78  , 4749, 1932, 5283, 1375, 4725, 3185, 2358, 2100, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2140, 4935, 3388, 278 , 3287, 4059, 775 , 1304, 4315, 698 , 3375, 3966, 3980, 1472, 1472, 2140, 4935, 3388, 5303, 939 , 2336, 2830, 4711, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
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        [1546, 1231, 1230, 385 , 4774, 5269, 939 , 2845, 1147, 2358, 3947, 4774, 872 , 1592, 2896, 123 , 5059, 1177, 3947, 4191, 4841, 754 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1180, 2646, 2155, 2776, 2886, 1257, 2302, 2748, 39  , 1230, 478 , 1006, 1425, 2263, 1278, 5078, 959 , 5102, 4578, 671 , 3430, 4954, 4910, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2891, 5257, 4426, 4932, 189 , 1695, 1347, 1724, 4328, 3344, 1688, 3449, 5115, 379 , 1347, 2244, 5216, 3070, 5072, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [67  , 2788, 2873, 898 , 4207, 1347, 12  , 372 , 1737, 1006, 3468, 383 , 1836, 5115, 4608, 4790, 1620, 760 , 3313, 2244, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2099, 4807, 3379, 200 , 3933, 472 , 4415, 312 , 2078, 3222, 44  , 3222, 3924, 2373, 3398, 643 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2311, 3967, 720 , 2014, 2873, 311 , 4346, 2961, 4401, 725 , 1425, 1006, 1505, 3430, 4647, 926 , 4554, 4702, 4246, 2358, 3115, 5279, 123 , 1230, 679 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1521, 2571, 1079, 4554, 1070, 534 , 2088, 2140, 5229, 1425, 3242, 846 , 3933, 3714, 99  , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2916, 123 , 1844, 5059, 123 , 1747, 3040, 1006, 5205, 1688, 1347, 601 , 3041, 3144, 3269, 4059, 2986, 4863, 1006, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [3888, 2153, 4813, 3053, 1741, 1648, 2757, 1177, 2033, 2991, 5283, 123 , 2779, 2651, 1053, 1522, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [4444, 5283, 1138, 3114, 3890, 3489, 1028, 3717, 936 , 389 , 2886, 2031, 316 , 3187, 2031, 2623, 643 , 4911, 3468, 1253, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [3740, 2925, 3023, 2851, 4389, 3092, 3576, 725 , 1736, 2300, 3114, 1006, 2122, 1076, 3973, 3092, 3951, 2664, 1059, 3440, 415 , 3099, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1441, 312 , 134 , 4697, 1896, 1449, 3973, 4955, 3449, 1498, 1199, 2032, 2359, 4822, 1006, 4883, 4389, 4038, 4552, 4509, 2347, 690 , 1094, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2777, 422 , 1902, 2428, 621 , 3313, 3973, 5014, 5140, 3086, 4822, 1006, 3809, 3305, 3343, 5161, 1230, 1995, 3684, 954 , 2336, 2830, 4711, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [813 , 903 , 4554, 3449, 1195, 3790, 4067, 1932, 2347, 3082, 4625, 2061, 3191, 992 , 1006, 1819, 3040, 4650, 1395, 729 , 5125, 5202, 2939, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [3952, 3493, 385 , 225 , 3449, 1613, 4822, 3534, 3191, 2896, 3927, 698 , 3375, 1006, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1230, 831 , 1347, 2244, 1588, 3813, 2044, 3094, 1076, 4626, 1006, 1231, 1230, 3853, 4366, 2511, 2605, 3726, 5303, 939 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [5052, 2293, 3449, 3446, 1094, 2976, 4922, 2099, 1221, 4034, 1290, 3323, 3430, 3099, 4109, 4579, 1006, 1713, 3058, 4370, 1613, 4191, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1359, 4922, 2748, 3933, 2099, 397 , 2858, 1006, 4438, 221 , 611 , 4159, 2642, 939 , 4784, 664 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
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        [2830, 2567, 1472, 134 , 3040, 1275, 3951, 377 , 420 , 1753, 1598, 690 , 3682, 4500, 1006, 3135, 3853, 4862, 3253, 377 , 2263, 5105, 3060, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306]]), Tensor(shape=[32, 1], dtype=int64, place=CPUPlace, stop_gradient=True,
       [[3 ],
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[Tensor(shape=[32, 30], dtype=int32, place=CPUPlace, stop_gradient=True,
       [[2607, 5278, 1979, 2932, 40  , 2813, 2361, 3114, 4111, 3099, 1221, 103 , 2079, 3951, 2050, 3757, 141 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2050, 2751, 3403, 1214, 516 , 1006, 4059, 2125, 2380, 233 , 1521, 805 , 366 , 2336, 2176, 2830, 4711, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2312, 487 , 2185, 4832, 4426, 2099, 1811, 1695, 1413, 4813, 3053, 3222, 4523, 3820, 2143, 1020, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [3740, 4334, 377 , 1299, 4062, 4442, 536 , 3487, 3398, 4863, 1850, 4480, 1006, 2896, 4673, 2776, 1230, 3114, 3786, 4442, 3507, 1902, 2428, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1445, 4075, 1006, 610 , 805 , 3757, 3634, 2453, 1521, 736 , 1661, 1394, 4874, 3822, 1006, 421 , 3424, 3296, 610 , 610 , 3757, 316 , 4863, 3702, 2192, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
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        [2050, 3757, 3880, 4945, 2515, 1112, 4224, 1282, 3379, 4477, 834 , 2013, 4874, 3823, 617 , 1090, 4060, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [3886, 2843, 2412, 1722, 1230, 3092, 4197, 1006, 699 , 1839, 380 , 1834, 1521, 3757, 1631, 4237, 518 , 3813, 2768, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1440, 3740, 3520, 2832, 3888, 2886, 1993, 3952, 2427, 1215, 2550, 4248, 4328, 4099, 5103, 2337, 3468, 4456, 3191, 4062, 5072, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [802 , 97  , 1876, 2768, 4191, 4785, 1318, 3991, 1006, 3165, 4191, 3509, 1318, 4504, 736 , 3757, 3757, 3757, 3757, 3375, 5019, 4959, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2233, 4370, 1347, 726 , 3886, 3142, 3259, 260 , 1445, 746 , 3238, 1025, 332 , 993 , 1006, 1301, 1661, 2845, 1836, 5115, 3738, 2199, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [5267, 4953, 1472, 1876, 2873, 3951, 377 , 4841, 754 , 125 , 3224, 1006, 3951, 3967, 2983, 2886, 4038, 5135, 684 , 123 , 1521, 1301, 2846, 389 , 4841, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1993, 1837, 5281, 3992, 1425, 3740, 224 , 804 , 3534, 3191, 2099, 4807, 3735, 5067, 1006, 4449, 2375, 2375, 4945, 2515, 2436, 1253, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [224 , 4382, 3379, 200 , 3449, 1230, 3996, 805 , 141 , 1006, 3379, 200 , 4576, 2680, 3430, 3042, 1081, 3537, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2820, 682 , 2825, 2759, 1230, 294 , 4389, 3069, 3355, 2896, 1215, 2825, 4222, 3244, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [4274, 3740, 3413, 3449, 134 , 377 , 603 , 3886, 2873, 123 , 4289, 3020, 1230, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1293, 3714, 40  , 1472, 1094, 1440, 1669, 3966, 2756, 4432, 1521, 4591, 1094, 4591, 2052, 1006, 4951, 1418, 4019, 1425, 3740, 4775, 1839, 3430, 738 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [1164, 2453, 1185, 4162, 3430, 1546, 3740, 3398, 2052, 3559, 1221, 2050, 3956, 3757, 805 , 141 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2312, 536 , 1747, 3164, 2986, 542 , 3023, 3907, 1006, 4456, 4009, 3296, 3634, 1521, 3757, 5059, 736 , 736 , 3757, 3757, 2751, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [3142, 4886, 3430, 4954, 5177, 4242, 4382, 3952, 4931, 795 , 1006, 2099, 2886, 4651, 1562, 2986, 2155, 1521, 4591, 3966, 601 , 3041, 2151, 377 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [3400, 872 , 1893, 3016, 3933, 2263, 2781, 3114, 692 , 3222, 1620, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2176, 2830, 3449, 3668, 3131, 3402, 2727, 224 , 264 , 4370, 4389, 1318, 1641, 2932, 1940, 4805, 2886, 4207, 4225, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2549, 3101, 2099, 690 , 4111, 3682, 3537, 534 , 4167, 3137, 4954, 1006, 1785, 3869, 823 , 3924, 3473, 3881, 927 , 730 , 592 , 476 , 3207, 241 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [4227, 1562, 4027, 4954, 1521, 610 , 375 , 3889, 2896, 2239, 4370, 4141, 3000, 56  , 1006, 4697, 200 , 269 , 926 , 1413, 4540, 5238, 1017, 3468, 2014, 964 , 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2358, 1025, 1708, 993 , 332 , 1006, 1862, 1006, 2358, 1025, 3956, 2079, 1709, 720 , 3676, 4050, 3357, 1472, 2941, 2254, 2412, 1029, 3222, 1725, 1028, 3165, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2820, 682 , 3191, 3440, 1146, 3174, 4328, 2982, 2825, 2759, 1117, 3069, 3355, 617 , 2813, 2742, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [2612, 3069, 1214, 3951, 1521, 3956, 4805, 3115, 1314, 2050, 3757, 3757, 366 , 1006, 1534, 2401, 5202, 1521, 4805, 366 , 3157, 2336, 2830, 4711, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [4057, 62  , 1765, 531 , 1991, 3149, 5269, 736 , 3757, 1521, 736 , 1991, 3149, 4389, 2018, 4389, 2253, 1694, 4073, 1200, 5116, 4073, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [4746, 4283, 5295, 3449, 2099, 1794, 376 , 2040, 1663, 3564, 3187, 2986, 1006, 4111, 2896, 690 , 1117, 2776, 4500, 2078, 2040, 698 , 1214, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306],
        [4289, 2166, 698 , 2100, 1006, 1343, 1681, 1094, 4863, 123 , 5162, 384 , 61  , 2380, 1645, 3388, 2336, 736 , 4711, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306, 5306]]), Tensor(shape=[32, 1], dtype=int64, place=CPUPlace, stop_gradient=True,
       [[6 ],
        [8 ],
        [4 ],
        [10],
        [6 ],
        [5 ],
        [3 ],
        [3 ],
        [6 ],
        [6 ],
        [13],
        [0 ],
        [12],
        [10],
        [13],
        [3 ],
        [7 ],
        [9 ],
        [10],
        [3 ],
        [6 ],
        [10],
        [4 ],
        [9 ],
        [10],
        [10],
        [3 ],
        [7 ],
        [7 ],
        [5 ],
        [10],
        [8 ]])]

网络定义

定义网络情况，用于训练，这一块是提高成绩的关键之一

# 定义网络
class MyNet(paddle.nn.Layer):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyNet, self).__init__() 
        self.emb = paddle.nn.Embedding(vocab_size, emb_size)  # 嵌入层用于自动构造一个二维embedding矩阵
        self.fc = paddle.nn.Linear(in_features=emb_size, out_features=96)  # 线性变换层 
        self.fc1 = paddle.nn.Linear(in_features=96, out_features=14)  # 分类器
        self.dropout = paddle.nn.Dropout(0.5)  # 正则化
    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.emb(x)
        x = paddle.mean(x, axis=1)  # 获取平均值
        x = self.dropout(x)
        x = self.fc(x)
        x = self.dropout(x)
        x = self.fc1(x)
        return x

# 画图
def draw_process(title,color,iters,data,label):
    plt.title(title, fontsize=24)  # 标题
    plt.xlabel("iter", fontsize=20)  # x轴
    plt.ylabel(label, fontsize=20)  # y轴
    plt.plot(iters, data,color=color,label=label)   # 画图
    plt.legend()
    plt.grid()
    plt.show()

模型训练

训练的重要环节，可以调节学习率，优化器等，有可能有奇效

# 训练模型
def train(model):
    model.train()
    opt = paddle.optimizer.Adam(learning_rate=0.001, parameters=model.parameters())  # 优化器学习率等
    # 初始值设置
    steps = 0
    Iters, total_loss, total_acc = [], [], []
    for epoch in range(epochs):  # 训练循环
        for batch_id, data in enumerate(train_loader):  # 数据循环
            steps += 1
            sent = data[0]  # 获取数据
            label = data[1]  # 获取标签
            logits = model(sent)  # 输入数据
            loss = paddle.nn.functional.cross_entropy(logits, label)  # loss获取
            acc = paddle.metric.accuracy(logits, label)  # acc获取
            if batch_id % 500 == 0:  # 每500次输出一次结果
                Iters.append(steps)  # 保存训练轮数
                total_loss.append(loss.numpy()[0])  # 保存loss
                total_acc.append(acc.numpy()[0])  # 保存acc
                print("epoch: {}, batch_id: {}, loss is: {}".format(epoch, batch_id, loss.numpy()))  # 输出结果
            # 数据更新
            loss.backward()  
            opt.step()  
            opt.clear_grad()  
        # 每一个epochs进行一次评估
        model.eval()
        accuracies = []
        losses = []
        for batch_id, data in enumerate(val_loader):  # 数据循环读取
            sent = data[0]  # 训练内容读取
            label = data[1]  # 标签读取
            logits = model(sent)  # 训练数据
            loss = paddle.nn.functional.cross_entropy(logits, label)  # loss获取
            acc = paddle.metric.accuracy(logits, label)  # acc获取
            accuracies.append(acc.numpy())  # 添加数据
            losses.append(loss.numpy())  
        avg_acc, avg_loss = np.mean(accuracies), np.mean(losses)  # 获取loss、acc平均值
        print("[validation] accuracy: {}, loss: {}".format(avg_acc, avg_loss))  # 输出值
        model.train()
        paddle.save(model.state_dict(),str(epoch)+"_model_final.pdparams")  # 保存训练文件
    draw_process("trainning loss","red",Iters,total_loss,"trainning loss")  # 画处loss图
    draw_process("trainning acc","green",Iters,total_acc,"trainning acc")  # 画出caa图
model = MyNet()  # 模型实例化
train(model)  # 开始训练

epoch: 0, batch_id: 0, loss is: [2.6477456]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 500, loss is: [1.8056118]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 1000, loss is: [1.1092072]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 1500, loss is: [1.0716103]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 2000, loss is: [0.6794955]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 2500, loss is: [0.54738545]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 3000, loss is: [0.9065808]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 3500, loss is: [0.63474274]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 4000, loss is: [0.68158776]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 4500, loss is: [1.0516238]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 5000, loss is: [0.9118046]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 5500, loss is: [0.65075576]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 6000, loss is: [0.5605841]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 6500, loss is: [0.56175774]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 7000, loss is: [0.95122683]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 7500, loss is: [0.38649452]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 8000, loss is: [0.2205698]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 8500, loss is: [0.40474647]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 9000, loss is: [0.5931748]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 9500, loss is: [0.3922717]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 10000, loss is: [0.6130478]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 10500, loss is: [0.5300909]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 11000, loss is: [0.6114788]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 11500, loss is: [0.24966809]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 12000, loss is: [0.45669073]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 12500, loss is: [0.29746443]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 13000, loss is: [0.6775298]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 13500, loss is: [0.8836371]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 14000, loss is: [0.27501673]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 14500, loss is: [0.46843478]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 15000, loss is: [0.49367175]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 15500, loss is: [0.500063]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 16000, loss is: [0.31290954]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 16500, loss is: [0.30774388]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 17000, loss is: [0.21738727]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 17500, loss is: [0.2860858]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 18000, loss is: [0.2766972]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 18500, loss is: [0.36017033]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 19000, loss is: [0.43986273]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 19500, loss is: [0.4210134]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 20000, loss is: [0.579644]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 20500, loss is: [0.23016676]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 21000, loss is: [0.21913218]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 21500, loss is: [0.18669227]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 22000, loss is: [0.31480896]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 22500, loss is: [0.37621552]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 23000, loss is: [0.54980826]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 23500, loss is: [0.6016808]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 24000, loss is: [0.25056183]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 24500, loss is: [0.2916811]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 25000, loss is: [0.33430776]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 25500, loss is: [0.74600095]
epoch: 0, batch_id: 26000, loss is: [0.35165167]
[validation] accuracy: 0.884321928024292, loss: 0.3713749647140503
epoch: 1, batch_id: 0, loss is: [0.47405708]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 500, loss is: [0.4443894]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 1000, loss is: [0.35416052]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 1500, loss is: [0.3004715]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 2000, loss is: [0.59477925]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 2500, loss is: [0.5639044]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 3000, loss is: [0.40286714]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 3500, loss is: [0.5387965]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 4000, loss is: [0.11766122]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 4500, loss is: [0.68849707]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 5000, loss is: [0.83928466]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 5500, loss is: [0.2867105]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 6000, loss is: [0.20924558]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 6500, loss is: [0.5582311]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 7000, loss is: [0.63174886]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 7500, loss is: [0.318484]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 8000, loss is: [0.5406461]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 8500, loss is: [0.4790561]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 9000, loss is: [0.52266514]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 9500, loss is: [0.51126254]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 10000, loss is: [0.27308795]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 10500, loss is: [0.22041513]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 11000, loss is: [0.32234907]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 11500, loss is: [0.6857507]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 12000, loss is: [0.40997463]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 12500, loss is: [0.53966033]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 13000, loss is: [0.2620927]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 13500, loss is: [0.21417136]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 14000, loss is: [0.5232475]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 14500, loss is: [0.37579858]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 15000, loss is: [0.3611152]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 15500, loss is: [0.336707]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 16000, loss is: [0.2795578]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 16500, loss is: [0.54298353]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 17000, loss is: [0.26425135]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 17500, loss is: [0.52595145]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 18000, loss is: [0.24938256]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 18500, loss is: [0.30653632]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 19000, loss is: [0.58400965]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 19500, loss is: [0.18243803]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 20000, loss is: [0.28917578]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 20500, loss is: [1.0765818]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 21000, loss is: [0.32550114]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 21500, loss is: [0.16792971]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 22000, loss is: [0.65214527]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 22500, loss is: [0.58119446]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 23000, loss is: [0.43643892]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 23500, loss is: [0.47376677]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 24000, loss is: [0.3279624]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 24500, loss is: [0.50899947]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 25000, loss is: [0.61989105]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 25500, loss is: [0.42433214]
epoch: 1, batch_id: 26000, loss is: [0.26673254]
[validation] accuracy: 0.8882260322570801, loss: 0.35311153531074524
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py:2349: DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated, and in 3.8 it will stop working
  if isinstance(obj, collections.Iterator):
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py:2366: DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated, and in 3.8 it will stop working
  return list(data) if isinstance(data, collections.MappingView) else data

推理数据读取

# 比赛数据读取
set = []
def dataset(datapath):
    with open(datapath)as f:  # 读取文件
        for i in f.readlines():  # 逐行读取数据
            dataset = np.array(i.split(','))  # 分割数据
            set.append(dataset)  # 存入数据
    return set
# 比赛数据扩充
def create_padded_dataset(dataset):
    padded_sents = []
    labels = []
    for batch_id, data in enumerate(dataset):  # 循环
        # print(data)
        sent = data  # 读取数据
        padded_sent = np.concatenate([sent[:seq_len], [pad_id] * (seq_len - len(sent))]).astype('int32')  # 拼接填充
        # print(padded_sent)
        padded_sents.append(padded_sent)  # 输入数据
    # print(padded_sents)
    return np.array(padded_sents)  # 转换成数组并返回
test_data = dataset('新闻文本标签分类/Test_IDs.txt')  # 读取数据
# print()
# 对train、val数据进行实例化
test_data = create_padded_dataset(test_data)  # 数据填充
# 查看数据大小及举例内容
print(test_data)

[[4057 1902 1475 ... 5306 5306 5306]
 [2805 5242 3593 ... 5306 5306 5306]
 [1836 3222 4641 ... 5306 5306 5306]
 ...
 [4838 1202 1490 ... 5306 5306 5306]
 [ 805 3757 3757 ... 5306 5306 5306]
 [2805 5242 3593 ... 5306 5306 5306]]

开始推理

这里可以选择效果好的模型然后进行预测

nu=["财经","彩票","房产","股票","家居","教育","科技","社会","时尚","时政","体育","星座","游戏","娱乐"]  # 标签列表
# 导入模型
model_state_dict = paddle.load('0_model_final.pdparams')  # 模型读取
model = MyNet()  # 读取网络
model.set_state_dict(model_state_dict)  
model.eval()
# print(type(test_data[0]))
count = 0  # 初始值
with open('./result.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f_train:  # 生成文件
    for batch_id, data in enumerate(test_data):  # 循环数据
        results = model(paddle.to_tensor(data.reshape(30,1)))  # 开始训练
        for probs in results:
            # 映射分类label
            idx = np.argmax(probs)  # 获取结果值
            labels = nu[idx]  # 通过结果值获取标签
            f_train.write(labels+"\n")  # 写入数据
            count +=1
            break
        if count%500==0:  # 查看推理情况
            print(count)
print(count)

效果不一定好，但是可以跑通，如果有其他的需求可以联系我（留言或群里面at我）我也会进一步改进项目

感谢大家的支持！

传说中的飞桨社区最菜代码人，让我们一起努力！

记住：三岁出品必是精品（~~不要脸系列~~）

Paddle2.0实现中文新闻文本标题分类