Django（8）ORM单表实例（三）-阿里云开发者社区

Django（8）ORM单表实例（三）

2022-12-09 70

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简介： Django（8）ORM单表实例（三）

- distinct()

distinct()方法用于对数据的去重，返回QuerySet数据类型
注意：

对模型类的对象去重没有意义，因为每个对象都是一个不一样的存在

distinct()一般都是联合values或者values_list使用

实例：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.values_list("publish").distinct()
    #books = models.Book.objects.distinct()
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    #books = models.Book.objects.values_list("publish").distinct()
    books = models.Book.objects.distinct()
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

（3）exclude()和filter()的条件查询

filter()方法基于双下划线的模糊查询，exclude也是同理
注意：

filter中运算符只能使用等于号：=，不能使用大于、小于号以及其他符号

__in

__in用于读取区间，而=后面为列表

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(price__in=[200,300])
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__gt

__gt大于，=号后面为数字

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(price__gt=250)
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__gte

__gte大于等于，=号后面为数字

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(price__gte=300)
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__lt

__lt小于，=号后面为数字

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(price__lt=300)
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__lte

__lte小于等于，=号后面为数字

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(price__lte=300)
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__range

__range在…之间，=号后面为两个元素的列表

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(price__range=[250,350])
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__contains

__contains包含，=号后面为字符串

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="九阴神功",price=200,publish="功夫出版社",pub_date="1777-10-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(price__contains="金庸")
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__icontains

__icontains包含==（不区分大小写）==，=号后面为字符串
提前增加数据

修改文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="Python",price=500,publish="Python出版社",pub_date="1970-12-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(title__icontains="python")
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__startswith

__startswith以指定字符开头，=号后面为字符串

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="Python",price=500,publish="Python出版社",pub_date="1970-12-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(title__startswith="P")
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

__endswith

__endswith以指定字符结尾，=号后面为字符串

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from statistics import mode
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app1_model import models
def add_book(request):
    #books = models.Book.objects.create(title="Python",price=500,publish="Python出版社",pub_date="1970-12-10")  
    books = models.Book.objects.filter(title__endswith="on")
    print(books)
    return HttpResponse('<p>查找成功！</p>')

访问测试

Django（8）ORM单表实例（三）

- distinct()

（3）exclude()和filter()的条件查询

__in

__gt

__gte

__lt

__lte

__range

__contains

__icontains

__startswith

__endswith

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