1.4 知识小结
MyBatis多表配置方式:
一对一配置:使用做配置
一对多配置:使用+做配置
多对多配置:使用+做配置
注意:多对多,相对于一对多,只是增加了个中间表,在书写sql语句时,只是从两表连接变成了三表连接.
association里面的是javaType, collection里面的属性是ofType, resultMap里面的是type
2.Mybatis的注解开发
2.1 MyBatis的常用注解
这几年来注解开发越来越流行,Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式,这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper
映射文件了。我们先围绕一些基本的CRUD来学习,再学习复杂映射多表操作。
@Insert:实现新增
@Update:实现更新
@Delete:实现删除
@Select:实现查询
@Result>:实现结果集封装
@Results:可以与@Result 一起使用,封装多个结果集
@One:实现一对一结果集封装
@Many:实现一对多结果集封装
2.2 MyBatis的增删改查
我们完成简单的user表的增删改查的操作
private UserMapper userMapper; @Before public void before() throws IOException { InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml"); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true); userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); } @Test public void testAdd() { User user = new User(); user.setUsername("测试数据"); user.setPassword("123"); user.setBirthday(new Date()); userMapper.add(user); } @Test public void testUpdate() throws IOException { User user = new User(); user.setId(16); user.setUsername("测试数据修改"); user.setPassword("abc"); user.setBirthday(new Date()); userMapper.update(user); } @Test public void testDelete() throws IOException { userMapper.delete(16); } @Test public void testFindById() throws IOException { User user = userMapper.findById(1); System.out.println(user); } @Test public void testFindAll() throws IOException { List<User> all = userMapper.findAll(); for(User user : all){ System.out.println(user); } }
修改MyBatis的核心配置文件,我们使用了注解替代的映射文件,所以我们只需要加载使用了注解的Mapper接口即可
<mappers> <!--扫描使用注解的类--> <mapper class="com.rg.mapper.UserMapper"></mapper> </mappers>
或者指定扫描包含映射关系的接口所在的包也可以
<mappers> <!--扫描使用注解的类所在的包--> <package name="com.itheima.mapper"></package> </mappers>
2.3 MyBatis的注解实现复杂映射开发
实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现,使用注解开发后,我们可以使用@Results注解,@Result注解,@One注解,@Many注解组合完成复杂关系的配置
2.4 一对一查询
2.4.1 一对一查询的模型
用户表和订单表的关系为,一个用户有多个订单,一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对一查询的需求:查询一个订单,与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户
2.4.2 一对一查询的语句
对应的sql语句:
select * from orders; select * from user where id=查询出订单的uid;
查询的结果如下:
2.4.3 创建Order和User实体
public class Order { private int id; private Date ordertime; private double total; //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户 private User user; } public class User { private int id; private String username; private String password; private Date birthday; }
2.4.4 创建OrderMapper接口
public interface OrderMapper { List<Order> findAll(); }
2.4.5 使用注解配置Mapper
public interface OrderMapper { @Select("select * from orders") @Results({ @Result(id=true,property = "id",column = "id"), @Result(property = "ordertime",column = "ordertime"), @Result(property = "total",column = "total"), @Result(property = "user",column = "uid", javaType = User.class, one = @One(select = "com.rg.mapper.UserMapper.findById")) }) List<Order> findAll(); }
public interface UserMapper { @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}") User findById(int id); }
2.4.6 测试结果
@Test public void testSelectOrderAndUser() { List<Order> all = orderMapper.findAll(); for(Order order : all){ System.out.println(order); } }
2.5 一对多查询
2.5.1 一对多查询的模型
用户表和订单表的关系为,一个用户有多个订单,一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对多查询的需求:查询一个用户,与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单
2.5.2 一对多查询的语句
对应的sql语句:
select * from user; select * from orders where uid=查询出用户的id;
查询的结果如下:
2.5.3 修改User实体
public class Order { private int id; private Date ordertime; private double total; //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户 private User user; } public class User { private int id; private String username; private String password; private Date birthday; //代表当前用户具备哪些订单 private List<Order> orderList; }
2.5.4 创建UserMapper接口
List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();
2.5.5 使用注解配置Mapper
public interface UserMapper { @Select("select * from user") @Results({ @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"), @Result(property = "username",column = "username"), @Result(property = "password",column = "password"), @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"), @Result(property = "orderList",column = "id", javaType = List.class, many = @Many(select = "com.rg.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid")) }) List<User> findAllUserAndOrder(); } public interface OrderMapper { @Select("select * from orders where uid=#{uid}") List<Order> findByUid(int uid); }
2.5.6 测试结果
List<User> all = userMapper.findAllUserAndOrder(); for(User user : all){ System.out.println(user.getUsername()); List<Order> orderList = user.getOrderList(); for(Order order : orderList){ System.out.println(order); } System.out.println("-----------------------------"); }
2.6 多对多查询
2.6.1 多对多查询的模型
用户表和角色表的关系为,一个用户有多个角色,一个角色被多个用户使用
多对多查询的需求:查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色
2.6.2 多对多查询的语句
对应的sql语句:
select * from user; select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=用户的id
查询的结果如下:
2.6.3 创建Role实体,修改User实体
public class User { private int id; private String username; private String password; private Date birthday; //代表当前用户具备哪些订单 private List<Order> orderList; //代表当前用户具备哪些角色 private List<Role> roleList; } public class Role { private int id; private String rolename; }
2.6.4 添加UserMapper接口方法
List<User> findAllUserAndRole();
2.6.5 使用注解配置Mapper
public interface UserMapper { @Select("select * from user") @Results({ @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"), @Result(property = "username",column = "username"), @Result(property = "password",column = "password"), @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"), @Result(property = "roleList",column = "id", javaType = List.class, many = @Many(select = "com.rg.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid")) }) List<User> findAllUserAndRole();} public interface RoleMapper { @Select("select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=#{uid}") List<Role> findByUid(int uid); }
2.6.6 测试结果
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); List<User> all = mapper.findAllUserAndRole(); for(User user : all){ System.out.println(user.getUsername()); List<Role> roleList = user.getRoleList(); for(Role role : roleList){ System.out.println(role); } System.out.println("----------------------------------"); }