正文
安装包下载
安装步骤
1. 添加群组：mysql
[root@ss-1 mysql]# groupadd mysql
2. 添加用户：mysql
[root@ss-1 mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
-r表示建立系统账号-g指定用户所在的群组-s /bin/false该用户不可登录
3. 解压安装包
[root@ss-1 mysql]# cd /usr/local [root@ss-1 mysql]# tar xvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.xz [root@ss-1 mysql]# ln -s ~/workspace_mysql/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
4. 创建文件夹：mysql-files
[root@ss-1 mysql]# cd mysql [root@ss-1 mysql]# mkdir mysql-files [root@ss-1 mysql]# chown mysql:mysql mysql-files [root@ss-1 mysql]# chmod 750 mysql-files yum install libaio -y
5. mysql 初始化
[root@ss-1 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql ./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory #如果出现上面的报错，就是缺少 libaio 库，执行下面的命令安装上即可。 [root@ss-1 mysql]# yum install libaio -y [root@ss-1 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql 2022-09-13T05:31:27.610325Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. 2022-09-13T05:31:27.610559Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /root/workspace_mysql/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.28) initializing of server in progress as process 21006 2022-09-13T05:31:27.633452Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started. 2022-09-13T05:31:29.433746Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended. 2022-09-13T05:31:31.144844Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013829] [Server] Missing data directory for ICU regular expressions: /root/workspace_mysql/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/lib/private/. 2022-09-13T05:31:32.473696Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: kIg=+&Kn7Bya
6. 开启ssl
[root@ss-1 mysql]# ./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
mysql5.7之前的版本是不提供ssl安全连接的，其在网络中数据都是以明文进行传输的。mysql_ssl_rsa_setup程序用于创建 SSL 证书和密钥文件以及 RSA 密钥对文件，以支持使用 SSL 的安全连接和使用 RSA 通过未加密连接的安全密码交换（如果这些文件丢失）。 如果现有的 SSL 文件已经过期，mysql_ssl_rsa_setup也可用于创建新的 SSL 文件。
7. 后台运行 mysql_safe
[root@ss-1 mysql]# mkdir /var/log/mariadb [root@ss-1 mysql]# touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log [root@ss-1 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb [root@ss-1 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & [1] 21262 [root@ss-1 mysql]# 2022-09-13T05:57:15.546134Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'. 2022-09-13T05:57:15.599043Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 2022-09-13T05:57:16.897010Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid ended [1]+ Done ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
8. 拷贝配置文件
$> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
9. 配置环境变量
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
最好写入 /etc/profile 文件
10. 启动mysql
[root@ss-1 workspace_mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql.server start Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! [root@ss-1 workspace_mysql]# netstat -tunlp | grep mysql tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 22386/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::33060 :::* LISTEN 22386/mysqld
11. 验证连接
[root@ss-1 tmp]# mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 12 Server version: 8.0.28 Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> mysql>
可以看到，数据库连接已经没问题了。
三、修改 root 密码
虽然 mysql 数据库已经能连接了，但还没结束，当我们执行 show databases; 时，会提示如下错误：
mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
意思是提醒咱们不要用初始密码，这是需要修改密码：
mysql> alter user user() identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
修改完密码之后，可以看到错误就消失了。
四、创建 'root'@'%' 用户
初始 root@localhost 用户是无法远程登录的，要远程登录，咱们还需要创建 root@%用户。
create user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456'; grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%'; flush privileges;
