一、HashMap集合练习:键是String值是Student
需求:
创建一个HashMap集合,键是学号(String),值是学生对象(Student)。存储三个键值对元素,并遍历
思路:
1、定义学生类
2、创建HashMap集合对象
3、创建学生对象
4、把学生添加到集合
5、遍历集合
方式一:键找值
方式二:键值对对象找键和值
代码实现:
public class Student { private String name; private int age; public Student() { } public Student(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } }
测试类:
public class HashMapDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //创建HashMap集合对象 HashMap<String, Student> hm = new HashMap<String, Student>(); //创建学生对象 Student s1 = new Student("小林", 20); Student s2 = new Student("小张", 25); Student s3 = new Student("小王", 23); //把学生添加到集合 hm.put("itheima001", s1); hm.put("itheima002", s2); hm.put("itheima003", s3); //方式一:键找值 Set<String> keySet = hm.keySet(); for (String key : keySet) { Student value = hm.get(key); System.out.println(key + "," + value.getName() + "," + value.getAge()); } System.out.println("--------"); //方式二:键值对对象找键和值 Set<Map.Entry<String, Student>> entrySet = hm.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<String, Student> me : entrySet) { String key = me.getKey(); Student value = me.getValue(); System.out.println(key + "," + value.getName() + "," + value.getAge()); } } }
二、HashMap集合练习:键是Student值是String
需求:
■ 创建一个HashMap集合,键是学生对象(Student),值是居住地(String)。存储多个元素,并遍历。
■ 要求保证键的唯一性:如果学生对象的成员变量值相同,我们就认为是同一对象
学生类:
public class Student { private String name; private int age; public Student() { } public Student(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { if (this == o) return true; if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false; Student student = (Student) o; if (age != student.age) return false; return name != null ? name.equals(student.name) : student.name == null; } @Override public int hashCode() { int result = name != null ? name.hashCode() : 0; result = 31 * result + age; return result; } }
测试类:
public class HashMapDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //创建HashMap集合对象 HashMap<Student, String> hm = new HashMap<Student, String>(); //创建学生对象 Student s1 = new Student("小林", 30); Student s2 = new Student("小张", 35); Student s3 = new Student("小王", 33); Student s4 = new Student("小王", 33); //把学生添加到集合 hm.put(s1, "西安"); hm.put(s2, "武汉"); hm.put(s3, "郑州"); hm.put(s4, "北京"); //遍历集合 Set<Student> keySet = hm.keySet(); for (Student key : keySet) { String value = hm.get(key); System.out.println(key.getName() + "," + key.getAge() + "," + value); } } }
三、集合嵌套:ArrayList嵌套HashMap
需求:
创建一个ArrayList集合,存储三个元素,每一个元素都是HashMap
每一个HashMap的键和值都是String,并遍历
代码实现:
public class ArrayListIncludeHashMapDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //创建ArrayList集合 ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> array = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); //创建HashMap集合,并添加键值对元素 HashMap<String, String> hm1 = new HashMap<String, String>(); hm1.put("孙策", "大乔"); hm1.put("周瑜", "小乔"); //把HashMap作为元素添加到ArrayList集合 array.add(hm1); HashMap<String, String> hm2 = new HashMap<String, String>(); hm2.put("郭靖", "黄蓉"); hm2.put("杨过", "小龙女"); //把HashMap作为元素添加到ArrayList集合 array.add(hm2); HashMap<String, String> hm3 = new HashMap<String, String>(); hm3.put("令狐冲", "任盈盈"); hm3.put("林平之", "岳灵珊"); //把HashMap作为元素添加到ArrayList集合 array.add(hm3); //遍历ArrayList集合 for (HashMap<String, String> hm : array) { Set<String> keySet = hm.keySet(); for (String key : keySet) { String value = hm.get(key); System.out.println(key + "," + value); } } } }
四、集合嵌套:HashMap嵌套ArrayList
需求:
创建一个HashMap集合,存储三个键值对元素,每一个键值对元素的键是String,值是ArrayList
每一个ArrayList的元素是String,并遍历
代码实现:
public class HashMapIncludeArrayListDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //创建HashMap集合 HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>> hm = new HashMap<String,ArrayList<String>>(); //创建ArrayList集合,并添加元素 ArrayList<String> sgyy = new ArrayList<String>(); sgyy.add("诸葛亮"); sgyy.add("赵云"); //把ArrayList作为元素添加到HashMap集合 hm.put("三国演义",sgyy); ArrayList<String> xyj = new ArrayList<String>(); xyj.add("唐僧"); xyj.add("孙悟空"); //把ArrayList作为元素添加到HashMap集合 hm.put("西游记",xyj); ArrayList<String> shz = new ArrayList<String>(); shz.add("武松"); shz.add("鲁智深"); //把ArrayList作为元素添加到HashMap集合 hm.put("水浒传",shz); //遍历HashMap集合 Set<String> keySet = hm.keySet(); for(String key : keySet) { System.out.println(key); ArrayList<String> value = hm.get(key); for(String s : value) { System.out.println("\t" + s); } } } }
五、统计字符串中每个字符出现的次数
需求:
键盘录入一个字符串,要求统计字符串中每个字符串出现的次数
举例:键盘录入"aababbccdeffeeda",在控制台输出:"a(4)b()c(2)d(2)e(3)f(2)"
代码实现:
public class HashMapDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //键盘录入一个字符串 Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("请输入一个字符串:"); String line = sc.nextLine(); //创建HashMap集合,键是Character,值是Integer // HashMap<Character, Integer> hm = new HashMap<Character, Integer>(); TreeMap<Character, Integer> hm = new TreeMap<Character, Integer>(); //遍历字符串,得到每一个字符 for (int i = 0; i < line.length(); i++) { char key = line.charAt(i); //拿得到的每一个字符作为键到HashMap集合中去找对应的值,看其返回值 Integer value = hm.get(key); if (value == null) { //如果返回值是null:说明该字符在HashMap集合中不存在,就把该字符作为键,1作为值存储 hm.put(key,1); } else { //如果返回值不是null:说明该字符在HashMap集合中存在,把该值加1,然后重新存储该字符和对应的值 value++; hm.put(key,value); } } //遍历HashMap集合,得到键和值,按照要求进行拼接 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); Set<Character> keySet = hm.keySet(); for(Character key : keySet) { Integer value = hm.get(key); sb.append(key).append("(").append(value).append(")"); } String result = sb.toString(); //输出结果 System.out.println(result); } }