Python爬虫：Scrapy中间件Middleware和Pipeline

from scrapy import Spider, cmdline
class BaiduSpider(Spider):
    name = "baidu_spider"
    start_urls = [
        "https://www.baidu.com/"
    ]
    custom_settings = {
        "SPIDER_DATA": "this is spider data",
        "DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES": {
                "scrapys.mymiddleware.MyMiddleware": 100,
            },
        "ITEM_PIPELINES": {
            "scrapys.mypipeline.MyPipeline": 100,
        },
        "SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES":{
            "scrapys.myspidermiddleware.MySpiderMiddleware": 100,
        }
    }
    def parse(self, response):
        pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
    cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl baidu_spider".split())

class MyPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self, spider_data):
        self.spider_data = spider_data
    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        """
        获取spider的settings参数,返回Pipeline实例对象
        """
        spider_data = crawler.settings.get("SPIDER_DATA")
        print("### pipeline get spider_data: {}".format(spider_data))
        return cls(spider_data)
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        """
        return Item 继续处理
        raise DropItem 丢弃
        """
        print("### call process_item")
        return item
    def open_spider(self, spider):
        """
        spider开启时调用
        """
        print("### spdier open {}".format(spider.name))
    def close_spider(self, spider):
        """
        spider关闭时调用
        """
        print("### spdier close {}".format(spider.name))

class MyMiddleware(object):
    def __init__(self, spider_data):
        self.spider_data = spider_data
    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        """
        获取spider的settings参数,返回中间件实例对象
        """
        spider_data = crawler.settings.get("SPIDER_DATA")
        print("### middleware get spider_data: {}".format(spider_data))
        return cls(spider_data)
    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        """
        return
            None: 继续处理Request
            Response: 返回Response
            Request: 重新调度
        raise IgnoreRequest:  process_exception -> Request.errback
        """
        print("### call process_request")
    def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
        """
        return
            Response: 继续处理Response
            Request: 重新调度
        raise IgnoreRequest: Request.errback
        """
        print("### call process_response")
        return response
    def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
        """
        return
            None: 继续处理异常
            Response: 返回Response
            Request: 重新调用
        """
        pass

class MySpiderMiddleware(object):
    def __init__(self, spider_data):
        self.spider_data = spider_data
    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        """
        获取spider的settings参数,返回中间件实例对象
        """
        spider_data = crawler.settings.get("SPIDER_DATA")
        print("### spider middleware get spider_data: {}".format(spider_data))
        return cls(spider_data)
    def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
        """
        response通过时调用
        return None  继续处理response
        raise Exception
        """
        print("### call process_spider_input")
    def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
        """
        response返回result时调用
        return
            iterable of Request、dict or Item
        """
        print("### call process_spider_output")
        for i in result:
            yield i
    def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
        """
        return
            None
            iterable of Response, dict, or Item
        """
        pass

### middleware get spider_data: this is spider data
### spider middleware get spider_data: this is spider data
### pipeline get spider_data: this is spider data
### spdier open baidu_spider
### call process_request
### call process_response
### call process_spider_input
### call process_spider_output
### spdier close baidu_spider