智能视觉生产的请求签名有哪些？ _问答-阿里云开发者社区

对于每一次HTTP或者HTTPS协议请求，我们会根据访问中的签名信息验证访问请求者身份。具体由使用AccessKeyID和AccessKeySecret对称加密验证实现。其中AccessKeyID是访问者身份，AccessKeySecret是加密签名字符串和服务器端验证签名字符串的密钥，必须严格保密谨防泄露。 1. 指定请求参数

在代码中指定请求参数，参数中需要包含公共请求头和接口必备的参数信息。

说明请求参数中不允许出现以Signature为key的参数。示例代码如下：

String accessKeyId = "yourAccessId";
String accessSecret = "yourAccessSecret";
java.text.SimpleDateFormat df = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss'Z'");
df.setTimeZone(new java.util.SimpleTimeZone(0, "GMT"));// 这里一定要设置GMT时区
java.util.Map<String, String> paras = new java.util.HashMap<String, String>();

指定参数：

paras.put("SignatureMethod", "HMAC-SHA1");
paras.put("SignatureNonce", java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString());
paras.put("AccessKeyId", accessKeyId);
paras.put("SignatureVersion", "1.0");
paras.put("Timestamp", df.format(new java.util.Date()));
paras.put("Format", "JSON");
paras.put("RegionId", "cn-shanghai");
# API 版本
paras.put("Version", "2019-06-25");
# API ACTION
paras.put("Action", "SegmentImage");
# 下面是业务参数
paras.put("Url", "http://vigen-invi-cdn.alibaba.com/aliyun-doc/pop/images/segment-image-src.jpg");

去除签名关键字Key：

if (paras.containsKey("Signature")) {
  paras.remove("Signature");
}

根据参数Key排序（顺序）

参考代码如下：

java.util.TreeMap<String, String> sortParas = new java.util.TreeMap<String, String>();
.sortParas.putAll(paras);

构造待签名的请求串

首先介绍下面会用到的特殊URL编码这个是POP特殊的一种规则，即在一般的URLEncode后再增加三种字符替换：加号（+）替换成 %20、星号（*）替换成 %2A、 %7E 替换回波浪号（~）参考代码如下：

public static String specialUrlEncode(String value) throws Exception {
    return java.net.URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8").replace("+", "%20").replace("*", "%2A").replace("%7E", "~");
}

构造待签名的请求串：把排序后的参数顺序拼接成如下格式：

"&" + specialUrlEncode(参数Key) + "=" + specialUrlEncode(参数值)

参考代码如下：

java.util.Iterator<String> it = sortParas.keySet().iterator();
StringBuilder sortQueryStringTmp = new StringBuilder();
while (it.hasNext()) {
    String key = it.next();
    sortQueryStringTmp.append("&").append(specialUrlEncode(key)).append("=").append(specialUrlEncode(paras.get(key)));
}
String sortedQueryString = sortQueryStringTmp.substring(1);// 去除第一个多余的&符号

打印上面的 sortQueryString。结果如下：

AccessKeyId=yourAccessId&Action=SegmentImage&Format=JSON&RegionId=cn-shanghai&SignatureMethod=HMAC-SHA1&SignatureNonce=3ed0a494-421e-4979-ab1e-f0e28072795a&SignatureVersion=1.0&Timestamp=2019-10-13T01%3A28%3A40Z&Url=http%3A%2F%2Fvigen-invi-cdn.alibaba.com%2Faliyun-doc%2Fpop%2Fimages%2Fsegment-image-src.jpg&Version=2019-06-25

对应的未URL编码的值（方便用户对比）：

AccessKeyId=yourAccessId&Action=SegmentImage&Format=JSON&RegionId=cn-shanghai&SignatureMethod=HMAC-SHA1&SignatureNonce=3ed0a494-421e-4979-ab1e-f0e28072795a&SignatureVersion=1.0&Timestamp=2019-10-13T01:28:40Z&Url=http://vigen-invi-cdn.alibaba.com/aliyun-doc/pop/images/segment-image-src.jpg&Version=2019-06-25

按POP的签名规则拼接成最终的待签名串。规则如下：

HTTPMethod + “&” + specialUrlEncode(“/”) + ”&” + specialUrlEncode(sortedQueryString)

参考代码如下：

StringBuilder stringToSign = new StringBuilder();
stringToSign.append("GET").append("&");
stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode("/")).append("&");
stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode(sortedQueryString));

这就完成了待签名的请求字符串。打印结果如下：

POST&%2F&AccessKeyId%3DyourAccessId%26Action%3DSegmentImage%26Format%3DJSON%26RegionId%3Dcn-shanghai%26SignatureMethod%3DHMAC-SHA1%26SignatureNonce%3D39720f7f-373c-4b7c-9ec8-520fdc51741f%26SignatureVersion%3D1.0%26Timestamp%3D2019-10-13T02%253A15%253A41Z%26Url%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fvigen-invi-cdn.alibaba.com%252Faliyun-doc%252Fpop%252Fimages%252Fsegment-image-src.jpg%26Version%3D2019-06-25

签名

签名采用HmacSHA1算法 + Base64，编码采用UTF-8。参考代码如下：

String sign = sign(accessSecret + "&", stringToSign.toString());
public static String sign(String accessSecret, String stringToSign) throws Exception {
    javax.crypto.Mac mac = javax.crypto.Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
    mac.init(new javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec(accessSecret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA1"));
    byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
    return new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode(signData);
}

参数说明：

accessSecret：你的AccessKeyId对应的秘钥AccessSecret，特别说明：POP要求需要后面多加一个“&”字符，即accessSecret + “&”
stringToSign：即第三步生成的待签名请求串

签名后的结果打印如下：

sEl89yBxH69oSz52bM0S7rLc0vM=

增加签名结果到请求参数中，发送请求

说明签名也要做特殊URL编码。

String Signature = specialUrlEncode(sign);// sEl89yBxH69oSz52bM0S7rLc0vM%3D

最终完整的POST请求HTTP为：

http://ivpd.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/?Signature=sEl89yBxH69oSz52bM0S7rLc0vM%3D&AccessKeyId=yourAccessId&Action=SegmentImage&Format=JSON&RegionId=cn-shanghai&SignatureMethod=HMAC-SHA1&SignatureNonce=39720f7f-373c-4b7c-9ec8-520fdc51741f&SignatureVersion=1.0&Timestamp=2019-10-13T02%3A15%3A41Z&Url=http%3A%2F%2Fvigen-invi-cdn.alibaba.com%2Faliyun-doc%2Fpop%2Fimages%2Fsegment-image-src.jpg&Version=2019-06-25

最后发起请求示例：

](http://public-vigen-invi-zb.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/aliyun-doc/pop/images/HTTP-REST-DOC.jpg

JAVA示例

完整的Java签名Demo代码：

package com.aliyun.aic.demo;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class SignDemo {
    static final String API_HTTP_METHOD = "POST";
    static final String API_VERSION = "2019-06-25";
    static final java.text.SimpleDateFormat DF = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss'Z'");
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String accessKeyId = "yourAccessId";
        String accessSecret = "yourAccessSecret";
        DF.setTimeZone(new java.util.SimpleTimeZone(0, "GMT"));// 这里一定要设置GMT时区
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();//业务参数名字是大驼峰
        params.put("Url", "http://vigen-invi-cdn.alibaba.com/aliyun-doc/pop/images/segment-image-src.jpg");
        String action = "SegmentImage";
        execute(action, accessKeyId, accessSecret, params);
    }
    public static void execute(String action, String accessKeyId, String accessSecret, Map<String, String> bizParams) throws Exception {
        java.util.Map<String, String> paras = new java.util.HashMap<String, String>();
        // 1. 系统参数
        paras.put("SignatureMethod", "HMAC-SHA1");
        paras.put("SignatureNonce", java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString());//防止重放攻击
        paras.put("AccessKeyId", accessKeyId);
        paras.put("SignatureVersion", "1.0");
        paras.put("Timestamp", DF.format(new java.util.Date()));
        paras.put("Format", "JSON");
        // 2. 业务API参数
        paras.put("RegionId", "cn-shanghai");
        paras.put("Version", API_VERSION);
        paras.put("Action", action);
        if (bizParams != null && !bizParams.isEmpty()) {
            paras.putAll(bizParams);
        }
        // 3. 去除签名关键字Key
        if (paras.containsKey("Signature")) {
            paras.remove("Signature");
        }
        // 4. 参数KEY排序
        java.util.TreeMap<String, String> sortParas = new java.util.TreeMap<String, String>();
        sortParas.putAll(paras);
        // 5. 构造待签名的字符串
        java.util.Iterator<String> it = sortParas.keySet().iterator();
        StringBuilder sortQueryStringTmp = new StringBuilder();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            String key = it.next();
            sortQueryStringTmp.append("&").append(specialUrlEncode(key)).append("=").append(specialUrlEncode(paras.get(key)));
        }
        String sortedQueryString = sortQueryStringTmp.substring(1);// 去除第一个多余的&符号
        StringBuilder stringToSign = new StringBuilder();
        stringToSign.append(API_HTTP_METHOD).append("&");
        stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode("/")).append("&");
        stringToSign.append(specialUrlEncode(sortedQueryString));
        String sign = sign(accessSecret + "&", stringToSign.toString());
        // 6. 签名最后也要做特殊URL编码
        String signature = specialUrlEncode(sign);
        System.out.println(paras.get("SignatureNonce"));
        System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
        System.out.println(paras.get("Timestamp"));
        System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
        System.out.println(sortedQueryString);
        System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
        System.out.println(stringToSign.toString());
        System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
        System.out.println(sign);
        System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
        System.out.println(signature);
        System.out.println("\r\n=========\r\n");
        // 最终打印出合法请求的URL
        System.out.println("http://ivpd.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/?Signature=" + signature + sortQueryStringTmp);
    }
    public static String specialUrlEncode(String value) throws Exception {
        return java.net.URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8").replace("+", "%20").replace("*", "%2A").replace("%7E", "~");
    }
    public static String sign(String accessSecret, String stringToSign) throws Exception {
        javax.crypto.Mac mac = javax.crypto.Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
        mac.init(new javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec(accessSecret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA1"));
        byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        return new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode(signData);
    }
}

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