根据条件更新两个数据框列

使用DataFrame.assign可以避免在代码的第二行中测试被覆盖的列Column1：

df = pd.DataFrame({
         'Column1':[4,5,4,5,5,4],
         'Column2':[7,8,9,4,2,3],

})
print (df)
   Column1  Column2
0        4        7
1        5        8
2        4        9
3        5        4
4        5        2
5        4        3

a = np.where(df['Column1'] > df['Column2'], df['Column1'] - df['Column2'], 0)
b = np.where(df['Column1'] < df['Column2'], df['Column2'] - df['Column1'], 0)

df = df.assign(Column1 = a, Column2 = b)
print (df)
   Column1  Column2
0        0        3
1        0        3
2        0        5
3        1        0
4        3        0
5        1        0

回答来源：stackoverflow