前言
Linux下则需要修改/etc/my.cnf，在[mysqld]下加入default-character-set = utf8，[client]下加入default-character-set = utf8，在[mysql]字段里加入default-character-set=utf8
实现
1、查看原编码
mysql> show variables like 'character%'; // 执行编码显示，可以看到默认是latin1 +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+
2、修改/etc/my.cnf，分别在[client],[mysqld],[mysql]字段里添加default-character-set=utf8。注意[mysqld]字段与[mysql]字段是有区别的。这点在网上没人反馈过。
# vim /etc/my.cnf // 添加default-character-set=utf8
[client] port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock character-set-server=utf8 [mysql] no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8修改完成后，service mysql restart重启mysql服务器，使用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character%’;查看，发现数据库编码全已改成utf8。
mysql> show variables like 'character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
3、如果上面的都修改了还乱码，那剩下问题就一定在connection连接层上。解决方法是在发送查询前执行一下下面这句（直接写在SQL文件的最前面）
SET NAMES 'utf8';
它相当于以下三指令：
SET character_set_client = utf8; SET character_set_results = utf8; SET character_set_connection = utf8;
附：
朋友的一个站点转到我这边。导入mysql时，mysql还是latin的编码，因此，虽然按上面的步骤，在/etc/my.cnf文件中[client],[mysqld],[mysql]字段里添加default-character-set=utf8，但站点部分中文是乱码。在将mysql编辑改为utf8再重新导入数据库后，就正常了。
估计是mysql是latin编码是，导入数据时，因为mysql无法识别，直接将数据保存成了???这种乱码的形式了。
