四、邮箱授权码的获取
获取邮箱授权码的目的，主要是为了通过代码进行发送邮件，例如 QQ 邮箱授权码获取方式，如下图：
点击【开启】按钮，然后发送短信，即可获取授权码，该授权码就是配置文件spring.mail.password需要的密码！
五、项目介绍
- springboot版本：2.1.5.RELEASE
- RabbitMQ版本：3.6.5
- SendMailUtil：发送邮件工具类
- ProduceServiceImpl：生产者，发送消息
- ConsumerMailService：消费者，消费消息，发送邮件
六、代码实现
6.1、创建项目
在 IDEA 下创建一个名称为smail的 Springboot 项目，pom文件中加入amqp和mail。
<dependencies> <!--spring boot核心--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <!--spring boot 测试--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--springmvc web--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--开发环境调试--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!--mail 支持--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency> <!--amqp 支持--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- commons-lang3 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.4</version> </dependency> <!--lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.16.10</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
6.2、配置rabbitMQ、mail
在application.properties文件中，配置amqp和mail！
#rabbitmq spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.0.103 spring.rabbitmq.port=5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.rabbitmq.password=guest # 开启confirms回调 P -> Exchange spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true # 开启returnedMessage回调 Exchange -> Queue spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true # 设置手动确认(ack) Queue -> C spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch=100 # mail spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8 spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com spring.mail.username=1370887518@qq.com spring.mail.password=获取的邮箱授权码 spring.mail.from=1370887518@qq.com spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
其中，spring.mail.password第四步中获取的授权码，同时username和from要一致！
6.3、RabbitConfig配置类
@Configuration @Slf4j public class RabbitConfig { // 发送邮件 public static final String MAIL_QUEUE_NAME = "mail.queue"; public static final String MAIL_EXCHANGE_NAME = "mail.exchange"; public static final String MAIL_ROUTING_KEY_NAME = "mail.routing.key"; @Autowired private CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory; @Bean public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() { RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory); rabbitTemplate.setMessageConverter(converter()); // 消息是否成功发送到Exchange rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, cause) -> { if (ack) { log.info("消息成功发送到Exchange"); } else { log.info("消息发送到Exchange失败, {}, cause: {}", correlationData, cause); } }); // 触发setReturnCallback回调必须设置mandatory=true, 否则Exchange没有找到Queue就会丢弃掉消息, 而不会触发回调 rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true); // 消息是否从Exchange路由到Queue, 注意: 这是一个失败回调, 只有消息从Exchange路由到Queue失败才会回调这个方法 rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((message, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routingKey) -> { log.info("消息从Exchange路由到Queue失败: exchange: {}, route: {}, replyCode: {}, replyText: {}, message: {}", exchange, routingKey, replyCode, replyText, message); }); return rabbitTemplate; } @Bean public Jackson2JsonMessageConverter converter() { return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter(); } @Bean public Queue mailQueue() { return new Queue(MAIL_QUEUE_NAME, true); } @Bean public DirectExchange mailExchange() { return new DirectExchange(MAIL_EXCHANGE_NAME, true, false); } @Bean public Binding mailBinding() { return BindingBuilder.bind(mailQueue()).to(mailExchange()).with(MAIL_ROUTING_KEY_NAME); } }
6.4、Mail 邮件实体类
@Getter @Setter @NoArgsConstructor @AllArgsConstructor public class Mail { @Pattern(regexp = "^([a-z0-9A-Z]+[-|\\.]?)+[a-z0-9A-Z]@([a-z0-9A-Z]+(-[a-z0-9A-Z]+)?\\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,}$", message = "邮箱格式不正确") private String to; @NotBlank(message = "标题不能为空") private String title; @NotBlank(message = "正文不能为空") private String content; private String msgId;// 消息id }
6.5、SendMailUtil邮件发送类
@Component @Slf4j public class SendMailUtil { @Value("${spring.mail.from}") private String from; @Autowired private JavaMailSender mailSender; /** * 发送简单邮件 * * @param mail */ public boolean send(Mail mail) { String to = mail.getTo();// 目标邮箱 String title = mail.getTitle();// 邮件标题 String content = mail.getContent();// 邮件正文 SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage(); message.setFrom(from); message.setTo(to); message.setSubject(title); message.setText(content); try { mailSender.send(message); log.info("邮件发送成功"); return true; } catch (MailException e) { log.error("邮件发送失败, to: {}, title: {}", to, title, e); return false; } } }
6.6、ProduceServiceImpl 生产者类
@Service public class ProduceServiceImpl implements ProduceService { @Autowired private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; @Override public boolean send(Mail mail) { //创建uuid String msgId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", ""); mail.setMsgId(msgId); //发送消息到rabbitMQ CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(msgId); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.MAIL_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConfig.MAIL_ROUTING_KEY_NAME, MessageHelper.objToMsg(mail), correlationData); return true; } }
6.7、ConsumerMailService 消费者类
@Component @Slf4j public class ConsumerMailService { @Autowired private SendMailUtil sendMailUtil; @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitConfig.MAIL_QUEUE_NAME) public void consume(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException { //将消息转化为对象 String str = new String(message.getBody()); Mail mail = JsonUtil.strToObj(str, Mail.class); log.info("收到消息: {}", mail.toString()); MessageProperties properties = message.getMessageProperties(); long tag = properties.getDeliveryTag(); boolean success = sendMailUtil.send(mail); if (success) { channel.basicAck(tag, false);// 消费确认 } else { channel.basicNack(tag, false, true); } } }
6.8、TestController 控制层类
@RestController @RequestMapping("/test") @Slf4j public class TestController { @Autowired private ProduceService testService; @PostMapping("send") public boolean sendMail(Mail mail) { return testService.send(mail); } }
