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您想要建立一个迷宫产生程式,迷宫使用二维阵列来定义,0表示道路,1表示墙,2表示宝物,根据所定义的二维迷宫阵列,您想要程式自动产生各种不同材质的迷宫,例如砖墙迷宫,钻石迷宫等等。
您可以在程式中定义两个角色,一个是指导迷宫建立的Director角色,一个是按照指导者指示建立迷宫的Builder角色,Director根据定义的迷宫阵列来指导Builder,只要更换Builder,就可以完成不同材质的迷宫。
可以使用下面的UML 类别图来表示上述的概念:
实际上的程式设计如下:
- MazeDirector.java
1: public class MazeDirector {
2: private int[][] maze;
3: private IMazeBuilder mazeBuilder;
4:
5: public void setMaze(int[][] maze) {
6: this.maze = maze;
7: }
8:
9: public void setMazeBuilder(IMazeBuilder mazeBuilder) {
10: this.mazeBuilder = mazeBuilder;
11: }
12:
13: public void buildMaze() {
14: for(int i = 0; i < maze.length; i++) {
15: for(int j = 0; j < maze[i].length; j++) {
16: // 由于mazeBuilder是IMazeBuilder型态
17: // 所以无论Builder实例为何,这边的程式都无需变动
18: switch (maze[i][j]) {
19: case 0:
20: mazeBuilder.createRoadBlock();
21: break;
22: case 1:
23: mazeBuilder.createWallBlock();
24: break;
25: case 2:
26: mazeBuilder.createTreasureBlock();
27: break;
28: default:
29: System.out.println("undefined");
30: }
31: }
32: mazeBuilder.nextRow();
33: }
34: }
35: }
- IMazeBuilder.java
1: public interface IMazeBuilder {
2: public void createRoadBlock();
3: public void createWallBlock();
4: public void createTreasureBlock();
5: public void nextRow();
6: }
- SoliderMazeBuilder.java
1: public class SolidMazeBuilder implements IMazeBuilder {2: public void createWallBlock() {3: System.out.print("█");4: }
5:
6: public void createRoadBlock() {7: System.out.print(" ");8: }
9:
10: public void createTreasureBlock() {11: System.out.print("$ ");12: }
13:
14: public void nextRow() {15: System.out.println();
16: }
17: }
- DiamondMazeBuilder.java
1: public class DiamondMazeBuilder implements IMazeBuilder {
2: public void createWallBlock() {
3: System.out.print("◇");
4: }
5:
6: public void createRoadBlock() {
7: System.out.print(" ");
8: }
9:
10: public void createTreasureBlock() {
11: System.out.print("* ");
12: }
13:
14: public void nextRow() {
15: System.out.println();
16: }
17: }
使用下面的程式来测试一下,它将产生两个迷宫图形:
1: public class Main {
2: public static void main(String[] args) {
3: int[][] maze = {{1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1},
4: {1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1},
5: {1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1},
6: {1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1},
7: {1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1},
8: {1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1},
9: {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}};
10:
11: MazeDirector mazeDirector = new MazeDirector();
12: mazeDirector.setMaze(maze);
13:
14: System.out.println("Build SolidMaze....");
15: mazeDirector.setMazeBuilder(new SolidMazeBuilder());
16: mazeDirector.buildMaze();
17:
18: System.out.println("Build DiamondMaze....");
19:
20: mazeDirector.setMazeBuilder(
21: new DiamondMazeBuilder());
22: mazeDirector.buildMaze();
23: }
24: }
在迷宫例子中并没有产生或返回产品物件,这视您的需求而定,迷宫例子只是将结果输出至主控台,您也可以设计一个产品物件,或是将结果直接输出为文件。
在 Gof (Design Patterns Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software)中有给出了一个不错的例子,以设计文件剖析器为例,该剖析器可以将文件转换为其它的格式,以DOC文件剖析器为例好了,假设希望析剖器可以将DOC文件转换为RTF或是PDF文件,可以如下设计结构:
简单来说,建筑者模式适用的场合,在于使得您可以依赖抽象的建筑蓝图,而实际建造时可以使用不同的实例,这是其之所以命为Builder的原因
Edit by Atlas
Time 2013/7/4 14:23