1、基本概念
窗口 Stage -场景 Scene -布局 stackPane -控件 Button
2、最小框架代码
创建命令行应用
package com.company; import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class HelloWorld extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception { primaryStage.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } }
对就是啥都没有，空白的窗体
3、控件布局
package com.company; import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.Button; import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class Main extends Application { public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } @Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception { // 实例化按钮 Button button = new Button("这是按钮上的文字"); // 创建布局控件 StackPane stackPane = new StackPane(); // 将button添加到布局 stackPane.getChildren().add(button); // 创建场景 宽=400 高=400 Scene scene = new Scene(stackPane, 400, 400); // 将场景添加到窗口 primaryStage.setScene(scene); // 显示窗口 primaryStage.show(); } }
4、事件添加
Main.java
package com.company; import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.event.EventHandler; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.Button; import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent; import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class Main extends Application implements EventHandler<MouseEvent> { private Button button; public static void main(String[] args) { // write your code here // System.out.println("你好"); launch(args); } @Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception { // 实例化按钮 button = new Button("这是按钮"); // 1、添加按钮点击事件， this.handle 处理事件 // button.setOnMouseClicked(this); // 2、使用单独实现的类 事件监听 // button.setOnMouseClicked(new MyMouseEvent()); // 3、使用匿名类添加事件监听 button.setOnMouseClicked(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() { @Override public void handle(MouseEvent event) { System.out.println("鼠标点击按钮了"); } }); // 4、jdk 8 使用简写执行一条输出 button.setOnMouseClicked(e -> System.out.println("简写的监听事件")); // 5、同时输出多条 button.setOnMouseClicked(e -> { System.out.println("简写的监听事件1"); System.out.println("简写的监听事件2"); }); // 创建布局控件 StackPane stackPane = new StackPane(); // 将button添加到布局 stackPane.getChildren().add(button); // 创建场景 Scene scene = new Scene(stackPane, 400, 400); // 给场景添加事件处理的对象 // scene.setOnMousePressed(this); scene.setOnMousePressed(new MySceneMouseEvent()); // 将场景添加到窗口 primaryStage.setScene(scene); // 显示窗口 primaryStage.show(); } @Override public void handle(MouseEvent event) { // event.getSource() 获取事件对象 if (event.getSource() == button) { System.out.println("点击了按钮"); } else { System.out.println("点击了场景"); } } }
MyMouseEvent.java 处理鼠标点击事件的类
package com.company; import javafx.event.EventHandler; import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent; public class MyMouseEvent implements EventHandler<MouseEvent> { @Override public void handle(MouseEvent event) { System.out.println("MyMouseEvent click"); } }
MySceneMouseEvent.java 处理场景点击事件的类
package com.company; import javafx.event.EventHandler; import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent; public class MySceneMouseEvent implements EventHandler<MouseEvent> { @Override public void handle(MouseEvent event) { System.out.println("场景鼠标点击"); } }
5、场景切换
package com.company; import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.Button; import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane; import javafx.scene.layout.VBox; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class SceneChange extends Application { Scene scene1, scene2; public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } @Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception { // 场景1 Button button1 = new Button("场景1 的button"); // 事件监听 点击后切换到场景2 button1.setOnMouseClicked(e -> { primaryStage.setScene(scene2); }); VBox vBox = new VBox(); vBox.getChildren().add(button1); scene1 = new Scene(vBox, 400, 400); // 场景2 Button button2 = new Button("场景2 的button"); // 事件监听 点击后切换到场景1 button2.setOnMouseClicked(e -> { primaryStage.setScene(scene1); }); StackPane stackPane = new StackPane(); stackPane.getChildren().add(button2); scene2 = new Scene(stackPane, 400, 400); primaryStage.setScene(scene1); primaryStage.show(); } }
6、窗体切换
Main.java
package com.company; import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.Button; import javafx.scene.layout.VBox; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class Main extends Application { private Stage stage; @Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception { stage = primaryStage; // 窗口点击叉号关闭询问 stage.setOnCloseRequest(event -> { event.consume(); // 消除默认事件 handleClose(); }); // 布局 Button button = new Button("关闭窗口"); // 鼠标点击关闭窗口 button.setOnMouseClicked(event -> handleClose()); VBox vBox = new VBox(); vBox.getChildren().add(button); Scene scene = new Scene(vBox, 400, 400); stage.setScene(scene); stage.show(); } public void handleClose() { // 接收窗体返回值 boolean ret = WindowAlert.display("关闭窗口", "是否关闭窗口？"); System.out.println(ret); if (ret) { stage.close(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } }
WindowAlert.java
package com.company; import javafx.geometry.Pos; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.Button; import javafx.scene.control.Label; import javafx.scene.layout.VBox; import javafx.stage.Modality; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class WindowAlert { public static boolean answer; /** * @param title 标题 * @param msg 消息 */ public static boolean display(String title, String msg) { // 创建舞台 Stage stage = new Stage(); // 设置显示模式 stage.initModality(Modality.APPLICATION_MODAL); stage.setTitle(title); // 创建控件 Button buttonYes = new Button("是"); buttonYes.setOnMouseClicked(event -> { answer = true; stage.close(); }); Button buttonNo = new Button("否"); buttonNo.setOnMouseClicked(event -> { answer = false; stage.close(); }); Label label = new Label(msg); // 创建布局 VBox vBox = new VBox(); vBox.getChildren().addAll(label, buttonYes, buttonNo); vBox.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER); // 布局居中显示 // 创建场景 Scene scene = new Scene(vBox, 200, 200); // 显示舞台 stage.setScene(scene); // stage.show(); stage.showAndWait(); // 等待窗体关闭才继续 // 窗体返回值 return answer; } }
