PolarDB-X「DRDS」 全局二级索引 (Global Secondary Index, GSI) 结合业务压测记录「服务端PHP」

本文涉及的产品
云原生数据库 PolarDB 分布式版,标准版 2核8GB
性能测试 PTS,5000VUM额度
简介: PolarDB-X「DRDS」 全局二级索引 (Global Secondary Index, GSI) 压测记录

执行环境

  • CPU:2.6 GHz 六核Intel Core i7
  • 内存:16G
  • 操作系统:macOS Catalina(10.15.2)
  • 同一个docker容器中

压测工具

ab -c 100 -n 10000 -k url


执行流程

api网关->userRpc用户服务->db数据库


测试流程

SELECT COUNT( ) FROM users; !!#ff0000 COUNT():1000w+!!

1、 读取一行数据(select *)

1)drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)主表执行
执行的sql:
!!#0000ff SELECT * FROM users WHERE mobile=';!!

joex@joexdembp ~ % ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        swoole-http-server
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        353 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   12.148 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      7130000 bytes
HTML transferred:       3530000 bytes
Requests per second:    823.16 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       121.483 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.215 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          573.16 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       5
Processing:    42  119  42.8    111     766
Waiting:       41  119  42.8    111     766
Total:         42  120  42.8    112     766

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    112
  66%    123
  75%    133
  80%    139
  90%    160
  95%    184
  98%    242
  99%    321
 100%    766 (longest request)

2)drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)冗余表索引+主表缺失列回查执行
执行的sql:
!!#0000ff SELECT * FROM redundance_mobile WHERE mobile='';!!

!!#0000ff SELECT * FROM users WHERE uid=;!!

joex@joexdembp ~ % ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        swoole-http-server
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        353 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   19.521 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      7130000 bytes
HTML transferred:       3530000 bytes
Requests per second:    512.28 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       195.207 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.952 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          356.69 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       7
Processing:    57  192 101.8    155     824
Waiting:       56  192 101.7    155     824
Total:         60  192 101.8    155     824

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    155
  66%    171
  75%    185
  80%    199
  90%    391
  95%    440
  98%    478
  99%    514
 100%    824 (longest request)

3)drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.4.4-15864860)全局二级索引执行
执行的sql:
!!#0000ff SELECT * FROM users WHERE mobile='';!!

joex@joexdembp ~ % ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        swoole-http-server
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        353 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   14.018 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      7130000 bytes
HTML transferred:       3530000 bytes
Requests per second:    713.37 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       140.181 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.402 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          496.71 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   1.8      0     181
Processing:    27  139  49.4    127     451
Waiting:       22  139  49.3    127     451
Total:         28  139  49.4    127     451

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    127
  66%    141
  75%    152
  80%    161
  90%    210
  95%    257
  98%    287
  99%    302
 100%    451 (longest request)

|__ab并发和请求数__|__数据库环境__|__执行时间(5次平均值)__|__QPS(每秒请求数)(5次平均值)__|
|100并发,10000请求|drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)主表执行|14.62 seconds|713|
||100并发,10000请求||drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)冗余表索引+主表缺失列回查执行|| 19.77 seconds||514||
||100并发,10000请求||drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.4.4-15864860)全局二级索引|| 17.18 seconds||592||

在这里插入图片描述


2、 读取一行数据(select uid mobile)查询二级索引/索引表(不回表)
1)drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)冗余表
执行的sql:
!!#0000ff SELECT uid,mobile FROM redundance_mobile WHERE mobile='';!!

joex@joexdembp ~ % ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        swoole-http-server
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        353 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   15.822 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      7130000 bytes
HTML transferred:       3530000 bytes
Requests per second:    632.03 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       158.221 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.582 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          440.07 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   1.8      0     178
Processing:    67  155  46.4    147     879
Waiting:       67  155  46.4    147     879
Total:         67  156  46.5    147     880

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    147
  66%    160
  75%    168
  80%    175
  90%    193
  95%    216
  98%    323
  99%    365
 100%    880 (longest request)

2)drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.4.4-15864860)全局二级索引
执行的sql:
!!#0000ff SELECT uid,mobile FROM users WHERE mobile='';!!

joex@joexdembp ~ % ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        swoole-http-server
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        90 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   12.937 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      4490000 bytes
HTML transferred:       900000 bytes
Requests per second:    773.00 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       129.366 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.294 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          338.94 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0  17.5      0    1753
Processing:    26  128 180.5    100    1989
Waiting:       26  128 180.5     99    1989
Total:         31  129 181.4    100    1989

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    100
  66%    116
  75%    128
  80%    136
  90%    169
  95%    243
  98%    313
  99%   1789
 100%   1989 (longest request)

||~ __ab并发和请求数__||__数据库环境__||__执行时间(5次平均值)__||__QPS(每秒请求数)(5次平均值)__||
||100并发,10000请求||drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)|| 17.44 seconds||587||
||100并发,10000请求||drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.4.4-15864860)全局二级索引|| 12.18 seconds||830||

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-WTtqoiEW-1586768686639)(/tfl/captures/2020-04/tapd_38981207_base64_1586765666_50.png)]

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-ntlWYqKS-1586768686639)(/tfl/captures/2020-04/tapd_38981207_base64_1586766337_18.png)]


3、 插入数据
1)drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)主表+冗余表

joex@joexdembp ~ % ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        swoole-http-server
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        162 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   418.928 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        8842
   (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 8842, Exceptions: 0)
Total transferred:      5230254 bytes
HTML transferred:       1630254 bytes
Requests per second:    23.87 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       4189.277 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       41.893 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          12.19 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       4
Processing:   845 4161 672.7   4231    7236
Waiting:      842 4161 672.7   4231    7236
Total:        846 4162 672.7   4232    7236

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   4232
  66%   4491
  75%   4632
  80%   4725
  90%   4948
  95%   5122
  98%   5375
  99%   5656
 100%   7236 (longest request)

2)drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.4.4-15864860)全局二级索引 主表

joex@joexdembp ~ % ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        swoole-http-server
Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        57 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   10.948 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      4160000 bytes
HTML transferred:       570000 bytes
Requests per second:    913.39 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       109.482 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.095 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          371.06 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.4      0      11
Processing:    38  108  43.8     99     605
Waiting:       38  107  43.8     98     600
Total:         38  108  43.8     99     605

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     99
  66%    111
  75%    120
  80%    126
  90%    148
  95%    178
  98%    264
  99%    313
 100%    605 (longest request)

||~ __ab并发和请求数__||__数据库环境__||__执行时间(5次平均值)__||__QPS(每秒请求数)(5次平均值)__||
||100并发,10000请求||drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.3.7-15460044)|| 24 seconds||408.55||
||100并发,10000请求||drds(5.6.29-TDDL-5.4.4-15864860)全局二级索引|| 11.808 seconds||856||

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-AqhVqhsc-1586768686640)(/tfl/captures/2020-04/tapd_38981207_base64_1586765507_87.png)]

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-iQN9GcAt-1586768686640)(/tfl/captures/2020-04/tapd_38981207_base64_1586765286_61.png)]

结论

目前的结论是基于数据量在1000W+

1、在查询(SELECT * )查询所有列时:直接查询主表-未建全局二级索引的执行时间和QPS是 最优的 ;查询查询主表-建立全局二级索引的执行时间和QPS次之,应该是因为查询了索引表后进行了回表;而自建冗余表索引+主表缺失列回查执行和全局二级索引原理类似,执行效率也是差不多。
2、在查询 (select uid mobile)全局二级索引/自写冗余索引表(不回表)时:全局二级索引比自写冗余索引表的优势明显。
3、插入数据:主表+写冗余索引表和全局二级索引的对比,全局二级索引优势更加明显。
4、GSI综合比较下来比自写冗余索引表方式效率更优,但考虑目前GSI在DML、DDL下有一定的限制与约定,所以在替换自写冗余索引表的时候得评估下限制与约定是否会造成影响。

相关实践学习
快速体验PolarDB开源数据库
本实验环境已内置PostgreSQL数据库以及PolarDB开源数据库:PolarDB PostgreSQL版和PolarDB分布式版,支持一键拉起使用,方便各位开发者学习使用。
相关文章
|
4天前
|
监控 Linux PHP
【02】客户端服务端C语言-go语言-web端PHP语言整合内容发布-优雅草网络设备监控系统-2月12日优雅草简化Centos stream8安装zabbix7教程-本搭建教程非docker搭建教程-优雅草solution
【02】客户端服务端C语言-go语言-web端PHP语言整合内容发布-优雅草网络设备监控系统-2月12日优雅草简化Centos stream8安装zabbix7教程-本搭建教程非docker搭建教程-优雅草solution
52 20
|
9天前
|
监控 关系型数据库 MySQL
【01】客户端服务端C语言-go语言-web端PHP语言整合内容发布-优雅草网络设备监控系统-硬件设备实时监控系统运营版发布-本产品基于企业级开源项目Zabbix深度二开-分步骤实现预计10篇合集-自营版
【01】客户端服务端C语言-go语言-web端PHP语言整合内容发布-优雅草网络设备监控系统-硬件设备实时监控系统运营版发布-本产品基于企业级开源项目Zabbix深度二开-分步骤实现预计10篇合集-自营版
19 0
|
1月前
|
关系型数据库 MySQL 分布式数据库
[PolarDB实操课] 05.通过源码部署PolarDB-X标准版
本课程介绍如何通过源码部署PolarDB-X标准版,涵盖基于Paxos的MySQL三副本工作原理和技术特点。主要内容包括: 1. **Paxos三副本工作原理**:讲解Leader和Follower节点的角色及数据同步机制。 2. **技术特点**:强调高性能、数据不丢失(RPO=0)和自动HA切换。 3. **源码部署步骤**:详细演示从编译生成RPM包到启动DN节点的过程,包括配置my.cnf文件和初始化数据库。 4. **高可用体验**:通过三台机器模拟三副本集群,展示Leader选举和故障转移机制,确保数据一致性和服务可用性。
|
1月前
|
关系型数据库 编译器 分布式数据库
PolarDB实操课] 04.通过源码部署PolarDB-X企业版
本次课程由PolarDB开源架构师王江颖分享,详细介绍了通过源码部署PolarDB-X企业版的全过程。主要内容包括: 1. **编译基础** 2. **使用源码编译部署PolarDB-X企业版** 3. **演示实例**:通过阿里云ECS进行实际操作演示,从创建用户、赋予权限到最终启动并连接PolarDB-X数据库,展示了完整的部署过程。 4. **总结**
|
4月前
|
SQL 安全 关系型数据库
PHP作为一种流行的服务端脚本语言,在Web开发领域具有显著的优势
【10月更文挑战第11天】PHP作为一种流行的服务端脚本语言,在Web开发领域具有显著的优势
70 0
|
7月前
|
关系型数据库 分布式数据库 PolarDB
PolarDB产品使用问题之如何基于Docker进行PolarDB-X单机模拟部署
PolarDB产品使用合集涵盖了从创建与管理、数据管理、性能优化与诊断、安全与合规到生态与集成、运维与支持等全方位的功能和服务,旨在帮助企业轻松构建高可用、高性能且易于管理的数据库环境,满足不同业务场景的需求。用户可以通过阿里云控制台、API、SDK等方式便捷地使用这些功能,实现数据库的高效运维与持续优化。
PolarDB产品使用问题之如何基于Docker进行PolarDB-X单机模拟部署
|
7月前
|
Oracle 关系型数据库 分布式数据库
PolarDB产品使用问题之使用pxd安装PolarDB-X出现报错,该怎么办
PolarDB产品使用合集涵盖了从创建与管理、数据管理、性能优化与诊断、安全与合规到生态与集成、运维与支持等全方位的功能和服务,旨在帮助企业轻松构建高可用、高性能且易于管理的数据库环境,满足不同业务场景的需求。用户可以通过阿里云控制台、API、SDK等方式便捷地使用这些功能,实现数据库的高效运维与持续优化。
|
7月前
|
Kubernetes 关系型数据库 分布式数据库
PolarDB产品使用问题之PolarDB-X的架构形态有什么区别
PolarDB产品使用合集涵盖了从创建与管理、数据管理、性能优化与诊断、安全与合规到生态与集成、运维与支持等全方位的功能和服务,旨在帮助企业轻松构建高可用、高性能且易于管理的数据库环境,满足不同业务场景的需求。用户可以通过阿里云控制台、API、SDK等方式便捷地使用这些功能,实现数据库的高效运维与持续优化。
|
7月前
|
关系型数据库 分布式数据库 PolarDB
PolarDB产品使用问题之原PolarDB-X集群无法连接且Docker容器已经被删除,如何恢复数据
PolarDB产品使用合集涵盖了从创建与管理、数据管理、性能优化与诊断、安全与合规到生态与集成、运维与支持等全方位的功能和服务,旨在帮助企业轻松构建高可用、高性能且易于管理的数据库环境,满足不同业务场景的需求。用户可以通过阿里云控制台、API、SDK等方式便捷地使用这些功能,实现数据库的高效运维与持续优化。
|
7月前
|
运维 关系型数据库 MySQL
PolarDB产品使用问题之PolarDB MySQL版和PolarDB-X的区别是什么
PolarDB产品使用合集涵盖了从创建与管理、数据管理、性能优化与诊断、安全与合规到生态与集成、运维与支持等全方位的功能和服务,旨在帮助企业轻松构建高可用、高性能且易于管理的数据库环境,满足不同业务场景的需求。用户可以通过阿里云控制台、API、SDK等方式便捷地使用这些功能,实现数据库的高效运维与持续优化。