官方网址：http://www.postgis.org/
下载源码安装包，我这里下载的是postgis的最新版本：postgis-2.3.3.tar.gz
环境依赖需要：
1 postgresql 数据库版本在9.2 到 9.4之间（需要提前安装）
2 需要安装依赖包：gcc
gmake or make
Proj4 version 4.6.0 or greater （下载地址：http://proj4.org/download.html#linux）
GEOS version 3.3 or greater （下载地址：http://trac.osgeo.org/geos/）
LibXML2, version 2.5.x or higher
JSON-C, version 0.9 or higher (下载：wget http://oss.metaparadigm.com/json-c/json-c-0.9.tar.gz)
./configure
make
sudo make install
GDAL, version 1.8 or higher （下载地址：http://trac.osgeo.org/gdal/wiki/DownloadSource）安装PostGIS
1 解压源码安装包：
tar -zxvf postgis-2.3.3.tar.gz
2 安装：
(1)./configure --prefix=/opt/pg963 --with-pgconfig=/opt/pg963/bin/pg_config --with-gdalconfig=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config --with-geosconfig=/usr/local/bin/geos-config --with-xml2config=/usr/bin/xml2-config --with-projdir=/usr/local/share/proj --with-jsondir=/usr/local/include/json
报错：
checking for library containing GDALAllRegister... no
configure: error: could not find GDAL
解决方法：
:~/postgis-2.3.3$ sudo vi /etc/ld.so.conf
include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
添加
/opt/pg963/lib
是参数生效
:~/postgis-2.3.3$ sudo /sbin/ldconfig -v
(2) make
(3) make install 添加postgis 扩展
先登录安装postgis的数据库
postgres@:~$ /opt/pg963/bin/psql -p 6432
psql (9.6.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
---------+---------+------------+------------------------------
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
(1 row)
安装扩展
postgres=# create extension postgis;
CREATE EXTENSION
postgres=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
---------+---------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
postgis | 2.3.3 | public | PostGIS geometry, geography, and raster spatial types and functions
(2 rows)
postgres=# 安装postgis_topology
postgres=# create extension postgis_topology;
CREATE EXTENSION
postgres=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
------------------------+---------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
postgis | 2.3.3 | public | PostGIS geometry, geography, and raster spatial types and functions
postgis_topology | 2.3.3 | topology | PostGIS topology spatial types and functions安装postgis_tiger_geocoder
postgres=# CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder FROM unpackaged;
ERROR: required extension "fuzzystrmatch" is not installed
HINT: Use CREATE EXTENSION ... CASCADE to install required extensions too.
postgres=# CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder cascade;
ERROR: could not open extension control file "/opt/pg963/share/postgresql/extension/fuzzystrmatch.control": 没有那个文件或目录
原因：fuzzystrmatch已经包含在了postgresql的源码扩展中，需要去postgresql源码目录中安装：
root@:~/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/fuzzystrmatch# pwd
/home/～/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/fuzzystrmatch
postgres=# CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder cascade;
NOTICE: installing required extension "fuzzystrmatch"
CREATE EXTENSION
postgres=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
------------------------+---------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
fuzzystrmatch | 1.1 | public | determine similarities and distance between strings
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
postgis | 2.3.3 | public | PostGIS geometry, geography, and raster spatial types and functions
postgis_tiger_geocoder | 2.3.3 | tiger | PostGIS tiger geocoder and reverse geocoder
postgis_topology | 2.3.3 | topology | PostGIS topology spatial types and functions安装address_standardizer
root@:~/postgis-2.3.3/extensions/address_standardizer# make
gcc -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fpic -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/share/proj/include -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/local/include/json/include -g -O0 -I. -I./ -I/opt/pg963/include/postgresql/server -I/opt/pg963/include/postgresql/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o address_parser.o address_parser.c
address_parser.c:10:18: fatal error: pcre.h: 没有那个文件或目录
解决方法：
root@:~/postgis-2.3.3/extensions/address_standardizer# apt-get update
root@:~/postgis-2.3.3/extensions/address_standardizer# apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
root@:~/postgis-2.3.3/extensions/address_standardizer# make
root@:~/postgis-2.3.3/extensions/address_standardizer# make install
postgres=# CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer;
CREATE EXTENSION
postgres=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
------------------------+---------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
address_standardizer | 2.3.3 | public | Used to parse an address into constituent elements. Generally used to support geocoding address normalization step.
fuzzystrmatch | 1.1 | public | determine similarities and distance between strings
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
postgis | 2.3.3 | public | PostGIS geometry, geography, and raster spatial types and functions
postgis_tiger_geocoder | 2.3.3 | tiger | PostGIS tiger geocoder and reverse geocoder
postgis_topology | 2.3.3 | topology | PostGIS topology spatial types and functions
