练习1：创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为20G的名为testing的VG，要求PE大小为16MB. 而后在卷组中创建大小为5GB的逻辑卷testlv，挂载至/users目录:
查看磁盘信息：
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[root@localhost ~]
# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk
/dev/sdb
: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical
/physical
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I
/O
size (minimum
/optimal
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label
type
: dos
Disk identifier: 0x648d3fea
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1
2048 10487807 5242880 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2
10487808 20973567 5242880 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb3
20973568 31459327 5242880 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb4
31459328 41943039 5241856 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5
31461376 41943039 5240832 8e Linux LVM
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检查当前系统有无PV
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[root@localhost ~]
# pvscan
No matching physical volumes found
#没有找到匹配的物理卷
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创建分区1，2，3，5分区为PV：
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[root@localhost ~]
# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2,3,5}
Physical volume
"/dev/sdb1"
successfully created
Physical volume
"/dev/sdb2"
successfully created
Physical volume
"/dev/sdb3"
successfully created
Physical volume
"/dev/sdb5"
successfully created
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利用PVS查看PV物理卷
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[root@localhost ~]
# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb1
lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g
/dev/sdb2
lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g
/dev/sdb3
lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g
/dev/sdb5
lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g
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创建大小为20GB的名为testing的VG，选项“-s”指明创建PE的大小为16MB
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[root@localhost ~]
# vgcreate testing -s 16MB /dev/sdb{1,2,3,5}
Volume group
"testing"
successfully created
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显示VG的详细信息
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[root@localhost ~]
# vgdisplay testing
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testing
#卷组名为“testing”
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 4
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access
read
/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 4
Act PV 4
VG Size 19.94 GiB
#卷组的大小为20GB
PE Size 16.00 MiB
#卷组PE的大小为16MB
Total PE 1276
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1276 / 19.94 GiB
VG UUID GRcIga-Tcg8-4yIW-r0UZ-PjgZ-vLI7-Vimebi
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创建逻辑卷testlv
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[root@localhost ~]
# lvcreate -L 2G testing
Logical volume
"lvol0"
created.
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修改逻辑卷的名称为“testlv”
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[root@localhost ~]
# lvrename /dev/testing/lvol0 /dev/testing/testlv
Renamed
"lvol0"
to
"testlv"
in
volume group
"testing"
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查看逻辑卷的详细信息：
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[root@localhost ~]
# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path
/dev/testing/testlv
LV Name testlv
#“逻辑组名为testlv”
VG Name testing
#“卷组名为testing”
LV UUID nO09rU-yuv2-j328-Kx4m-Cb06-hMEg-GWHCXz
LV Write Access
read
/write
LV Creation host,
time
localhost.localdomain, 2016-01-01 23:08:55 -0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 2.00 GiB
#“逻辑卷为2GB”
Current LE 128
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently
set
to 8192
Block device 253:0
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格式化逻辑卷
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[root@localhost ~]
# mke2fs -t ext4 -b 2048 -L Mylv /dev/testing/testlv
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=Mylv
OS
type
: Linux
Block size=2048 (log=1)
Fragment size=2048 (log=1)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 1048576 blocks
52428 blocks (5.00%) reserved
for
the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=269484032
64 block
groups
16384 blocks per group, 16384 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
16384, 49152, 81920, 114688, 147456, 409600, 442368, 802816
Allocating group tables:
done
Writing inode tables:
done
Creating journal (32768 blocks):
done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:
done
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挂载至/users目录
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[root@localhost ~]
# mount /dev/testing/testlv /users
[root@localhost ~]
# man mount
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练习2：新建用户archlinux,要求其家目录为/users/archlinux,，而后su切换至archlinux用户，复制/etc/pam.d目录至自己的家目录：
创建用户archlinux, 家目录为：/users/archlinux
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[root@localhost ~]
# useradd -d /users/archlinux archlinux
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切换至用户archlinux
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[root@localhost ~]
# su - archlinux
Last login: Fri Jan 1 23:45:47 PST 2016 on pts
/0
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复制/etc/pam.d目录至用户家目录
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[archlinux@localhost ~]$
cp
-r
/etc/pam
.d/
/users/archlinux
[archlinux@localhost ~]
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练习3：对testlv创建快照，并尝试基于快照备份数据，验证快照的功能：
创建testlv的快照卷为”mylv_snap”
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[root@localhost ~]
# lvcreate -s -L 512M -n mylv_snap /dev/testing/testlv
Logical volume
"mylv_snap"
created.
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本文转自 Nico_Lv 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/nearlv/1730876，如需转载请自行联系原作者
