0.安全提示
因root账号启动mysql数据库存在严重安全隐患，请在启动时使用mysql账号！
1.源码方式安装mysql5.5 GA
创建组和用户：
[root@mysqldb2 ~]# groupadd mysql [root@mysqldb2 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
解压缩安装包：
[root@mysqldb2 ~]# cd /home/mysql/Desktop [root@mysqldb2 Desktop]# tar xvfz mysql-5.5.24.tar.gz [root@mysqldb2 Desktop]# cd mysql-5.5.24
检查依赖的软件包，如果缺少相关的软件包，可通过yum install或rpm安装：
cmake gcc* gcc-c++* autoconf* automake* zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel* libmcrypt* libtool* bison rpm -qa |grep 需要root权限执行
进入mysql安装包目录，执行cmake并加载适当参数：
root>#cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql/ -DWITH_SERVER_SUFFIX=lihui_edition -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=yes -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DWITH_PTHREAD=1 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_MYSQLD_LDFLAGS=-all-static -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 > /home/mysql/mysql_setuplogs_cmake.log 2>&1
MySQL 从5.5版本开始，通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消，取而代之的是cmake 工具。
我相信大多数人都已经习惯了之前的configure方式，并且所使用的参数也是比较个性化的，换成cmake之后，这一方面会带来不少的麻烦。
还好，MySQL的官方网站提供了二者的参数对照表，我们可以尽可能的保留之前的参数，来编译配置新的MySQL 版本。
configure 与cmake 参数对照指南：
http://www.blogjava.net/kelly859/archive/2012/09/04/387005.html
提示：如果编译不成功，重新编译需要删除mysql安装包目录下的CMakeCache.txt文件
root>#rm CMakeCache.txt
继续执行编译：
root>#make > /home/mysql/mysql_setuplogs_make.log 2>&1 root>#$make install > /home/mysql/mysql_setuplogs_makeinstall.log 2>&1
PS:make时注意新开一个会话，用tail -200f /home/mysql/mysql_setuplogs_make.log查看编译日志，审查有无报错。但下述警告可忽略：
警告：提领类型双关的指针将破坏强重叠规则
修改相关路径权限：
root># cd /usr/local/ root># chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
复制程序文件到/usr/bin目录下，方便调用：
[root@mysqldb2 local]# cp /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql* /usr/bin/
至此，MySQL数据库软件安装完全，此时已可使用mysql命令行工具连接其它MySQL数据库服务器了。
2.创建数据库
创建目录并修改权限：
[root@mysqldb2 local]# cd /data0 [root@mysqldb2 data]# mkdir mysqldata [root@mysqldb2 data]# cd mysqldata [root@mysqldb2 mysqldata]# mkdir 3306 [root@mysqldb2 mysqldata]# cd 3306 [root@mysqldb2 3306]# mkdir data binlog tmp innodb_ts innodb_log [root@mysqldb2 3306]# cd /data0 [root@mysqldb2 data]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysqldata
创建数据库：
[root@mysqldb2 local]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@mysqldb2 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data0/mysqldata/3306/data
Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h 192.168.66.32 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysqlbug script!
编辑和修改my.cnf配置文件：
[root@mysqldb2 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8
#Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.pid
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysqldata/3306/data
tmpdir = /data/mysqldata/3306/tmp
open_files_limit = 10240
server-id = 303306
lower_case_table_names = 1
character_set_server = utf8
skip-name-resolve
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100000
max_allowed_packet = 512M
max_heap_table_size = 1024M
max_length_for_sort_data = 4096
back_log=100
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
net_buffer_length = 8K
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
thread_cache_size = 300
table_open_cache = 1024
tmp_table_size = 256M
#*********** Logs related settings ***********
log_bin = /data/mysqldata/3306/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
binlog_cache_size=32m
max_binlog_cache_size=512m
max_binlog_size=512m
long_query_time = 1
log_output = FILE
log_error = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysqldata/3306/slow_statement.log
#log_queries_not_using_indexes
general_log = 0
general_log_file = /data/mysqldata/3306/general_statement.log
expire-logs-days = 14
#*********** MyISAM Specific options ***********
key_buffer_size = 32M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 2G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
#*********** INNODB Specific options ***********
innodb_file_per_table
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysqldata/3306/innodb_ts
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2048M:autoextend:max:8192M
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysqldata/3306/innodb_log
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 512M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt="\\u@\\h \\R:\\m:\\s \\d> "
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer_size = 2M
write_buffer_size = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192
启动数据库：
mysql>$ mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
设置超级用户密码：
mysql>$mysqladmin -uroot password 'xxx' -S /data0/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
可以通过netstat或ps等命令查看mysqld是否正常加载，由于默认指定mysqld端口号为3306，因此通过netstat查看是否存在3306端口即可，例如：
mysql>$netstat -lnt
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2208 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:864 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:11111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:16851 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
使用mysql命令行连接：
[mysql@mysqldb2 mysql]$ mysql -uroot -proot123.. -S /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.5.24-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
3、后续动作
删除本机匿名连接的空密码帐号
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -proot123.. mysql>use mysql; //选择系统数据库mysql mysql>select Host,User,Password from user; //查看所有用户 mysql>delete from user where password=""; mysql>flush privileges; mysql>select Host,User,Password from user; //确认密码为空的用户是否已全部删除 mysql>exit;
进入mysql安装目录下的支持文件目录
[root@mysqldb2 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
复制服务文件以使MYSQL能用service直接启动
[root@mysqldb2 mysql]# cp ./mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
再拷贝已配置好的cnf参数文件到/etc/my.cnf,方便service启动时的读取
[root@mysqldb2 mysql]# cp /data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
现在就可以很方便的用service命令来启动、关闭MYSQL服务器了
[mysql@mysqldb2 mysql]$ service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL....[ OK ]
Starting MySQL.[ OK ]
到这里,MYSQL的源码安装就结束了.
