最近研究微信公众平台，这里整理了一下向特定用户推送消息的思路
一、首先需要将微信的openid与系统用户绑定。
在用户关注公众平台的时候，回复一个链接，要求用户绑定，可以设计如下消息进行回复，（openid最好进行加密处理，后者还需要用这个字段绑定fakeid）。
欢迎关注有问必答平台,<
a
href='http://myweixin123.duapp.com/bind.html?openid=@openid'>点击此处进行用户绑定</
a
>!
|
在bind.html页面将openid与系统的usercode进行绑定，这个绑定过程非常简单，这里不详叙述。
二、将openid与fakeid进行绑定
微信公众平台是一回一答的模式；但是在微信公众平台后台，可以向特定用户进行消息发送。我们利用这个机制使用代码去模拟这个过程来实现消息推送。
首先需要模拟登录：
using
System;
using
System.Collections.Generic;
using
System.Linq;
using
System.Web;
using
System.Security.Cryptography;
using
System.Text;
using
System.Net;
using
System.IO;
using
System.Security.Authentication;
using
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
/// <summary>
///WeiXinLogin 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public
class
WeiXinLogin
{
/// <summary>
/// MD5 32位加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static
string
GetMd5Str32(
string
str)
{
MD5CryptoServiceProvider md5Hasher =
new
MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
// Convert the input string to a byte array and compute the hash.
char
[] temp = str.ToCharArray();
byte
[] buf =
new
byte
[temp.Length];
for
(
int
i = 0; i < temp.Length; i++)
{
buf[i] = (
byte
)temp[i];
}
byte
[] data = md5Hasher.ComputeHash(buf);
// Create a new Stringbuilder to collect the bytes
// and create a string.
StringBuilder sBuilder =
new
StringBuilder();
// Loop through each byte of the hashed data
// and format each one as a hexadecimal string.
for
(
int
i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
{
sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString(
"x2"
));
}
// Return the hexadecimal string.
return
sBuilder.ToString();
}
public
static
bool
ExecLogin(
string
name,
string
pass)
{
bool
result =
false
;
string
password = GetMd5Str32(pass).ToUpper();
string
padata =
"username="
+ name +
"&pwd="
+ password +
"&imgcode=&f=json"
;
string
url =
"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/login?lang=zh_CN "
;//请求登录的URL
try
{
CookieContainer cc =
new
CookieContainer();
//接收缓存
byte
[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(padata);
// 转化
HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
//新建一个WebRequest对象用来请求或者响应url
ServicePointManager.CertificatePolicy =
new
AcceptAllCertificatePolicy();
webRequest2.CookieContainer = cc;
//保存cookie
webRequest2.Method =
"POST"
;
//请求方式是POST
webRequest2.UserAgent =
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/30.0.1599.69 Safari/537.36"
;
webRequest2.Referer =
"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/"
;
webRequest2.ContentType =
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
;
//请求的内容格式为application/x-www-form-urlencoded
webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream();
//返回用于将数据写入 Internet 资源的 Stream。
// Send the data.
newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
//写入参数
newStream.Close();
HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr2 =
new
StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default);
string
text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();
//此处用到了newtonsoft来序列化
WeiXinRetInfo retinfo = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WeiXinRetInfo>(text2);
string
token =
string
.Empty;
if
(retinfo.ErrMsg.Length > 0)
{
token = retinfo.ErrMsg.Split(
new
char
[] {
'&'
})[2].Split(
new
char
[] {
'='
})[1].ToString();
//取得令牌
LoginInfo.LoginCookie = cc;
LoginInfo.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
LoginInfo.Token = token;
result =
true
;
}
}
catch
(Exception ex)
{
throw
new
Exception(ex.StackTrace);
}
return
result;
}
public
static
class
LoginInfo
{
/// <summary>
/// 登录后得到的令牌
/// </summary>
public
static
string
Token {
get
;
set
; }
/// <summary>
/// 登录后得到的cookie
/// </summary>
public
static
CookieContainer LoginCookie {
get
;
set
; }
/// <summary>
/// 创建时间
/// </summary>
public
static
DateTime CreateDate {
get
;
set
; }
}
internal
class
AcceptAllCertificatePolicy : ICertificatePolicy
{
public
AcceptAllCertificatePolicy()
{
}
public
bool
CheckValidationResult(ServicePoint sPoint,
X509Certificate cert, WebRequest wRequest,
int
certProb)
{
// Always accept
return
true
;
}
}
}
|
获取fakeid
public
static
ArrayList SubscribeMP()
{
try
{
CookieContainer cookie =
null
;
string
token =
null
;
cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie;
//取得cookie
token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token;
//取得token
/*获取用户信息的url，这里有几个参数给大家讲一下，1.token此参数为上面的token 2.pagesize此参数为每一页显示的记录条数
3.pageid为当前的页数，4.groupid为微信公众平台的用户分组的组id，当然这也是我的猜想不一定正确*/
string
Url =
"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/contactmanage?t=user/index&pagesize=10&pageidx=0&type=0&groupid=0&token="
+ token +
"&lang=zh_CN"
;
HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);
webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie;
webRequest2.ContentType =
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
;
webRequest2.Method =
"GET"
;
webRequest2.UserAgent =
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"
;
webRequest2.ContentType =
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
;
HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr2 =
new
StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default);
string
text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();
MatchCollection mc;
//由于此方法获取过来的信息是一个html网页所以此处使用了正则表达式，注意：（此正则表达式只是获取了fakeid的信息如果想获得一些其他的信息修改此处的正则表达式就可以了。）
Regex r =
new
Regex(
"\"id\"\\:\\d+,\"nick_name\""
);
//定义一个Regex对象实例
mc = r.Matches(text2);
Int32 friendSum = mc.Count;
//好友总数
string
fackID =
""
;
ArrayList fackID1 =
new
ArrayList();
for
(
int
i = 0; i < friendSum; i++)
{
//"id":208989515,"nick_name"
fackID = mc[i].Value.Replace(
",\"nick_name\""
,
""
).Split(
new
char
[] {
':'
})[1];
fackID = fackID.Replace(
"\""
,
""
).Trim();
fackID1.Add(fackID);
}
return
fackID1;
}
catch
(Exception ex)
{
throw
new
Exception(ex.StackTrace);
}
}
|
根据fakeid获取openid
public static string GetOpenidByFakeid(string fakeid) { try { CookieContainer cookie = null; string token = null; cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie;//取得cookie token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token;//取得token string Url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlemsgpage?msgid=&source=&count=20&t=wxm-singlechat&fromfakeid=" + fakeid + "&token=" + token + "&lang=zh_CN"; HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url); webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie; webRequest2.ContentType = "text/html; charset=UTF-8"; webRequest2.Method = "GET"; webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"; webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8); string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); HtmlDocument doc = new HtmlDocument(); doc.LoadHtml(text2); var str = doc.GetElementbyId("json-msgList").InnerHtml; JArray messages = JArray.Parse(str); foreach (var message in messages) { string strContent = HttpUtility.HtmlDecode(message["content"].ToString()); Regex reg = new Regex(@"(?is)<a[^>]*?href=(['""\s]?)(?<href>[^'""\s]*)\1[^>]*?>"); MatchCollection match = reg.Matches(strContent); var href = ""; foreach (Match m in match) { href = m.Groups["href"].Value; } var openid = GetUrlParamValue(href, "openid"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(openid)) return openid; } return ""; } catch (Exception ex) { return ""; } }
由于之前有建立openid与usercode的关系，所以可以根据usercode找到openid，又可以根据openid找到fakeid。使用下面代码进行推送：
public
static
bool
SendMessage(
string
Message,
string
fakeid)
{
bool
result =
false
;
CookieContainer cookie =
null
;
string
token =
null
;
cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie;
//取得cookie
token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token;
//取得token
string
strMsg = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Message);
//对传递过来的信息进行url编码
string
padate =
"type=1&content="
+ strMsg +
"&error=false&tofakeid="
+ fakeid +
"&token="
+ token +
"&ajax=1"
;
string
url =
"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlesend?t=ajax-response&lang=zh_CN"
;
byte
[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(padate);
// 转化
HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie;
//登录时得到的缓存
webRequest2.Referer =
"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlemsgpage?token="
+ token +
"&fromfakeid="
+ fakeid +
"&msgid=&source=&count=20&t=wxm-singlechat&lang=zh_CN"
;
webRequest2.Method =
"POST"
;
webRequest2.UserAgent =
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"
;
webRequest2.ContentType =
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
;
webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream();
// Send the data.
newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
//写入参数
newStream.Close();
HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr2 =
new
StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default);
string
text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();
if
(text2.Contains(
"ok"
))
{
result =
true
;
}
return
result;
}
|
可以写一个长期运行的windows服务用于建立fakeid和openid的关系，这里不再详诉。
本文转自麒麟博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuqil/p/3354640.html，如需转载请自行联系原作者
