在本文我们将一起学习如何在Silverlight后台代码中调用javascritp脚本。Silverlight中内置了对于HTML、客户端脚本等的支持。很多情况下,我们编写的Web应用程序中用了一些JavaScript或者AJAX框架,我们可以在Silverlight调用某些脚本方法,或者说在Silverlight中触发某个脚本的执行。
本文将示例如何调用Silverlight脚本, 要使用此功能,我们需要引入命名空间:
using
System.Windows.Browser;
//
引入此命名空间
调用javascript脚本方法有以下四种(本例中我们将在第二种参数处理示例中演示如何使用它们):
方法一:直接调用脚本对象
方法二:使用GetProperty获取脚本对象
方法三:使用HtmlPage.Window.Eval直接执行javascript语句
方法四:使用CreateInstance创建脚本对象
方法二:使用GetProperty获取脚本对象
方法三:使用HtmlPage.Window.Eval直接执行javascript语句
方法四:使用CreateInstance创建脚本对象
这里,我们示例如何传递和传回:
1、简单参数与结果(本例:传入两个整数,返回Float结果)
2、复杂参数与结果(本例: 传入自定义的PlusNumbers类实例,传回自定义的PlusResults类实例结果)
2、复杂参数与结果(本例: 传入自定义的PlusNumbers类实例,传回自定义的PlusResults类实例结果)
首先,我们创建新的Silverlight应用程序SLcallJSfunction。
创建用户界面如图:
Page.xaml代码如下:
<
UserControl xmlns:basics
=
"
clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls
"
x:Class
=
"
SLcallJSfunction.Page
"
xmlns = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation "
xmlns:x = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml "
Width = " 400 " Height = " 300 " >
< Grid x:Name = " LayoutRoot " Background = " White " >
< StackPanel >
< TextBlock Text = " 在SL中调用Javascript代码示例 " TextAlignment = " Center " FontSize = " 18 " Foreground = " Green " Margin = " 10 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBlock Text = " 加数一 " TextAlignment = " Center " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBox x:Name = " txtBxNumOne " Width = " 100 " ></ TextBox >
< TextBlock Text = " 加数二 " TextAlignment = " Center " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBox x:Name = " txtBxNumTwo " Width = " 100 " ></ TextBox >
< StackPanel Orientation = " Horizontal " HorizontalAlignment = " Center " Background = " Bisque " Margin = " 10 " >
< TextBlock Text = " 运算结果: " TextAlignment = " Center " FontSize = " 16 " Foreground = " Red " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBlock x:Name = " txtBxResult " TextAlignment = " Center " FontSize = " 16 " Foreground = " Red " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
</ Sta ckPanel >
< Button x:Name = " btnCallAdd " Width = " 200 " Height = " 50 " Content = " 调用Javascript进行加法运算 " Margin = " 20 " Click = " btnCallAdd_Click " ></ Button >
</ Sta ckPanel >
</ Grid >
</ UserControl >
xmlns = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation "
xmlns:x = " http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml "
Width = " 400 " Height = " 300 " >
< Grid x:Name = " LayoutRoot " Background = " White " >
< StackPanel >
< TextBlock Text = " 在SL中调用Javascript代码示例 " TextAlignment = " Center " FontSize = " 18 " Foreground = " Green " Margin = " 10 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBlock Text = " 加数一 " TextAlignment = " Center " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBox x:Name = " txtBxNumOne " Width = " 100 " ></ TextBox >
< TextBlock Text = " 加数二 " TextAlignment = " Center " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBox x:Name = " txtBxNumTwo " Width = " 100 " ></ TextBox >
< StackPanel Orientation = " Horizontal " HorizontalAlignment = " Center " Background = " Bisque " Margin = " 10 " >
< TextBlock Text = " 运算结果: " TextAlignment = " Center " FontSize = " 16 " Foreground = " Red " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
< TextBlock x:Name = " txtBxResult " TextAlignment = " Center " FontSize = " 16 " Foreground = " Red " Margin = " 8 " ></ TextBlock >
</ Sta ckPanel >
< Button x:Name = " btnCallAdd " Width = " 200 " Height = " 50 " Content = " 调用Javascript进行加法运算 " Margin = " 20 " Click = " btnCallAdd_Click " ></ Button >
</ Sta ckPanel >
</ Grid >
</ UserControl >
方法一:简单参数与结果(本例:传入两个整数,返回Float结果)
Page.xaml.cs的代码如下:
using
System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
public partial class Page : UserControl
{
public Page()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void btnCallAdd_Click( object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
int NumberOne = Convert.ToInt32( this .txtBxNumOne.Text.ToString());
int NumberTwo = Convert.ToInt32( this .txtBxNumTwo.Text.ToString());
// 调用Javascript脚本,并传递进两个简单参数
object MyResult = HtmlPage.Window.Invoke( " Plus " , NumberOne, NumberTwo);
// 返回结果
this .txtBxResult.Text = MyResult.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this .txtBxResult.Text = ex.ToString();
}
}
}
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
public partial class Page : UserControl
{
public Page()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void btnCallAdd_Click( object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
int NumberOne = Convert.ToInt32( this .txtBxNumOne.Text.ToString());
int NumberTwo = Convert.ToInt32( this .txtBxNumTwo.Text.ToString());
// 调用Javascript脚本,并传递进两个简单参数
object MyResult = HtmlPage.Window.Invoke( " Plus " , NumberOne, NumberTwo);
// 返回结果
this .txtBxResult.Text = MyResult.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this .txtBxResult.Text = ex.ToString();
}
}
}
}
对应的Javascript代码如下:
function Plus(i,j)
{
return (i + j);
}
{
return (i + j);
}
SLcallJSfunctionTestPage.aspx页面代码如下:
<%
@ Page Language
=
"
C#
"
AutoEventWireup
=
"
true
"
%>
<% @ Register Assembly = " System.Web.Silverlight " Namespace = " System.Web.UI.SilverlightControls "
TagPrefix = " asp " %>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC " -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN " " http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd " >
< html xmlns = " http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml " style = " height:100%; " >
< head runat = " server " >
< title > SLcallJSfunction </ title >
< script type = " text/javascript " >
function Plus(i,j)
{
return (i + j);
}
</ script >
</ head >
< body style = " height:100%;margin:0; " >
< form id = " form1 " runat = " server " style = " height:100%; " >
< asp:ScriptManager ID = " ScriptManager1 " runat = " server " ></ asp:ScriptManager >
< div style = " height:100%; " >
< asp:Silverlight ID = " Xaml1 " runat = " server " Source = " ~/ClientBin/SLcallJSfunction.xap " MinimumVersion = " 2.0.31005.0 " Width = " 100% " Height = " 100% " />
</ div >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
<% @ Register Assembly = " System.Web.Silverlight " Namespace = " System.Web.UI.SilverlightControls "
TagPrefix = " asp " %>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC " -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN " " http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd " >
< html xmlns = " http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml " style = " height:100%; " >
< head runat = " server " >
< title > SLcallJSfunction </ title >
< script type = " text/javascript " >
function Plus(i,j)
{
return (i + j);
}
</ script >
</ head >
< body style = " height:100%;margin:0; " >
< form id = " form1 " runat = " server " style = " height:100%; " >
< asp:ScriptManager ID = " ScriptManager1 " runat = " server " ></ asp:ScriptManager >
< div style = " height:100%; " >
< asp:Silverlight ID = " Xaml1 " runat = " server " Source = " ~/ClientBin/SLcallJSfunction.xap " MinimumVersion = " 2.0.31005.0 " Width = " 100% " Height = " 100% " />
</ div >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
方法二: 复杂参数与结果(本例: 传入自定义的PlusNumbers类实例,传回自定义的PlusResults类实例结果)
先自定义两个类,一个是PlusNumbers,一个是PlusResults
PlusNumbers代码如下:
using
System;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
// 定义一个将作为Javascript传入参数的类
[ScriptableType]
public class PlusNumbers
{
private int _x;
private int _y;
[ScriptableMember]
public int X
{
get { return _x; }
set {_x = value;}
}
[ScriptableMember]
public int Y
{
get { return _y; }
set { _y = value; }
}
// 构造函数
public PlusNumbers()
{
this .X = 10 ;
this .Y = 10 ;
}
// 构造函数
public PlusNumbers( int num1, int num2)
{
this .X = num1;
this .Y = num2;
}
}
}
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
// 定义一个将作为Javascript传入参数的类
[ScriptableType]
public class PlusNumbers
{
private int _x;
private int _y;
[ScriptableMember]
public int X
{
get { return _x; }
set {_x = value;}
}
[ScriptableMember]
public int Y
{
get { return _y; }
set { _y = value; }
}
// 构造函数
public PlusNumbers()
{
this .X = 10 ;
this .Y = 10 ;
}
// 构造函数
public PlusNumbers( int num1, int num2)
{
this .X = num1;
this .Y = num2;
}
}
}
PlusResults代码如下:
using
System;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
// 定义一个将作为Javascript返回结果的类
[ScriptableType]
public class PlusResults
{
[ScriptableMember]
public float RetValue { get ; set ; }
}
}
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
// 定义一个将作为Javascript返回结果的类
[ScriptableType]
public class PlusResults
{
[ScriptableMember]
public float RetValue { get ; set ; }
}
}
Page.xaml.cs的代码如下:
using
System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
public partial class Page : UserControl
{
public Page()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.Loaded+=new RoutedEventHandler(Page_Loaded);
}
void Page_Loaded(object sender,RoutedEventArgs e)
{
HtmlPage.RegisterCreateableType("JSresultType",typeof(PlusResults)); //把在SL中定义的一个类映射为将在Javascript代码中使用的类型
//本处,我们把定义的PlusResults类映射为"JSresultType"在javascript中使用
}
private void btnCallAdd_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
int NumberOne = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtBxNumOne.Text.ToString());
int NumberTwo = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtBxNumTwo.Text.ToString());
//创建参数类实例
PlusNumbers jsArgument = new PlusNumbers(NumberOne, NumberTwo);
string xstr = jsArgument.X.ToString();
string ystr = jsArgument.Y.ToString();
PlusResults myResult = soResult.ManagedObject as PlusResults; //取得从javascript返回的结果
this.txtBxResult.Text = myResult.RetValue.ToString(); //显示运行结果
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
this.txtBxResult.Text = ex.ToString();
}
}
}
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Browser; // 引入此命名空间
namespace SLcallJSfunction
{
public partial class Page : UserControl
{
public Page()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.Loaded+=new RoutedEventHandler(Page_Loaded);
}
void Page_Loaded(object sender,RoutedEventArgs e)
{
HtmlPage.RegisterCreateableType("JSresultType",typeof(PlusResults)); //把在SL中定义的一个类映射为将在Javascript代码中使用的类型
//本处,我们把定义的PlusResults类映射为"JSresultType"在javascript中使用
}
private void btnCallAdd_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
int NumberOne = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtBxNumOne.Text.ToString());
int NumberTwo = Convert.ToInt32(this.txtBxNumTwo.Text.ToString());
//创建参数类实例
PlusNumbers jsArgument = new PlusNumbers(NumberOne, NumberTwo);
string xstr = jsArgument.X.ToString();
string ystr = jsArgument.Y.ToString();
PlusResults myResult = soResult.ManagedObject as PlusResults; //取得从javascript返回的结果
this.txtBxResult.Text = myResult.RetValue.ToString(); //显示运行结果
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
this.txtBxResult.Text = ex.ToString();
}
}
}
}
对应的Javascript代码如下:
<
script type
=
"
text/javascript
"
>
// 说明: arg是传入的参数,它是在SL后台代码定义的类
// myResult是计算结果,它也是SL后台代码定义的类,要使用它之前必须在SL代码中进行注册
// 注册方法是:HtmlPage.RegisterCreateableType("JSresultType",typeof(PlusResults)); // PlusResults是后台代码定义的类
function Plus(arg) // 把类实例(arg)作为参数对象传入到Javascript代码中
{
var myXaml = $ get ( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例(此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
myJsPlus = function(arg)
{
}
myJsPlus.prototype.myPlus = function(arg)
{
var myXaml = $ get ( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例(此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
</ script >
// 说明: arg是传入的参数,它是在SL后台代码定义的类
// myResult是计算结果,它也是SL后台代码定义的类,要使用它之前必须在SL代码中进行注册
// 注册方法是:HtmlPage.RegisterCreateableType("JSresultType",typeof(PlusResults)); // PlusResults是后台代码定义的类
function Plus(arg) // 把类实例(arg)作为参数对象传入到Javascript代码中
{
var myXaml = $ get ( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例(此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
myJsPlus = function(arg)
{
}
myJsPlus.prototype.myPlus = function(arg)
{
var myXaml = $ get ( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例(此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
</ script >
SLcallJSfunctionTestPage.aspx页面代码如下:
<%
@ Page Language
=
"
C#
"
AutoEventWireup
=
"
true
"
%>
<% @ Register Assembly = " System.Web.Silverlight " Namespace = " System.Web.UI.SilverlightControls "
TagPrefix = " asp " %>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >
< html xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style ="height:100%;" >
< head runat ="server" >
< title > SLcallJSfunction </ title >
< script type ="text/javascript" >
// 说明: arg是传入的参数,它是在SL后台代码定义的类
// myResult是计算结果,它也是SL后台代码定义的类,要使用它之前必须在SL代码中进行注册
// 注册方法是:HtmlPage.RegisterCreateableType("JSresultType",typeof(PlusResults)); //PlusResults是后台代码定义的类
function Plus(arg) // 把类实例(arg)作为参数对象传入到Javascript代码中
{
var myXaml = $get( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例 (此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
myJsPlus = function (arg)
{
}
myJsPlus.prototype.myPlus = function (arg)
{
var myXaml = $get( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例 (此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
</ script >
</ head >
< body style ="height:100%;margin:0;" >
< form id ="form1" runat ="server" style ="height:100%;" >
< asp:ScriptManager ID ="ScriptManager1" runat ="server" ></ asp:ScriptManager >
< div style ="height:100%;" >
< asp:Silverlight ID ="Xaml1" runat ="server" Source ="~/ClientBin/SLcallJSfunction.xap" MinimumVersion ="2.0.31005.0" Width ="100%" Height ="100%" />
</ div >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
<% @ Register Assembly = " System.Web.Silverlight " Namespace = " System.Web.UI.SilverlightControls "
TagPrefix = " asp " %>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >
< html xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style ="height:100%;" >
< head runat ="server" >
< title > SLcallJSfunction </ title >
< script type ="text/javascript" >
// 说明: arg是传入的参数,它是在SL后台代码定义的类
// myResult是计算结果,它也是SL后台代码定义的类,要使用它之前必须在SL代码中进行注册
// 注册方法是:HtmlPage.RegisterCreateableType("JSresultType",typeof(PlusResults)); //PlusResults是后台代码定义的类
function Plus(arg) // 把类实例(arg)作为参数对象传入到Javascript代码中
{
var myXaml = $get( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例 (此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
myJsPlus = function (arg)
{
}
myJsPlus.prototype.myPlus = function (arg)
{
var myXaml = $get( " Xaml1 " );
var myResult = myXaml.content.services.createObject( " JSresultType " ); // 创建一个在javascript中的类实例 (此类在SL中定义)
myResult.RetValue = arg.X + arg.Y; // 参数类成员进行运算后,结果赋值给结果类成员
return myResult; // 返回结果类
}
</ script >
</ head >
< body style ="height:100%;margin:0;" >
< form id ="form1" runat ="server" style ="height:100%;" >
< asp:ScriptManager ID ="ScriptManager1" runat ="server" ></ asp:ScriptManager >
< div style ="height:100%;" >
< asp:Silverlight ID ="Xaml1" runat ="server" Source ="~/ClientBin/SLcallJSfunction.xap" MinimumVersion ="2.0.31005.0" Width ="100%" Height ="100%" />
</ div >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
运行时,在两个文本输入框内分别输入两上整数,然后点击按钮,运行效果如下: