前一段时间看到MySQL官方视频的Oracle工程师在mysql shell里面重启mysql实例，感觉这个操作很方便，所以来试试，下面为该工程师的操作截图
图片
1.MySQL Shell 通过root用户连上mysql，shutdown mysql实例
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# mysqlsh
MySQL Shell 8.4.5
Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.
Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type '\help' or '\?' for help; '\quit' to exit.
MySQL SQL > \connect --mysql
Creating a Classic session to 'root@localhost'
Fetching global names for auto-completion... Press ^C to stop.
Your MySQL connection id is 377
Server version: 8.4.4-commercial MySQL Enterprise Server - Commercial
No default schema selected; type \use to set one.
MySQL localhost SQL > select user();
+----------------+
| user()|
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.0008 sec)
MySQL localhost SQL > shutdown;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.0005 sec)
MySQL localhost SQL > select user();
ERROR: 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to MySQL server during query
The global session got disconnected..
Attempting to reconnect to 'mysql://root@/tmp%2Fmysql.sock'........
......
The global session could not be reconnected automatically.
Please use '\reconnect' instead to manually reconnect.
MySQL SQL >
MySQL SQL > \reconnect
Attempting to reconnect to 'mysql://root@/tmp%2Fmysql.sock'..............
The global session could not be reconnected automatically.
Please use '\reconnect' instead to manually reconnect.
MySQL SQL >
2.我们从系统上看一下mysql服务，看来默认在mysqlsh里shutdown mysql实例可以使用
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl status mysqld83308.service
● mysqld83308.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since Thu 2025-04-24 12:00:39 CST; 57s ago
Process: 16169 ExecStart=/u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 16169 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
4月24 11:57:13 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
4月24 12:00:39 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: mysqld83308.service: Succeeded.
[root@mysql8_3 bin]#
3.我们启动一下mysql服务
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl start mysqld83308.service
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl status mysqld83308.service
● mysqld83308.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2025-04-24 12:02:22 CST; 2s ago
Main PID: 16417 (mysqld)
Tasks: 17 (limit: 22962)
Memory: 579.5M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld83308.service
└─16417 /u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf
4月24 12:02:22 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@mysql8_3 bin]#
4.我们在mysqlsh里执行重启命令，报错了
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# mysqlsh
MySQL Shell 8.4.5
Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.
Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type '\help' or '\?' for help; '\quit' to exit.
MySQL SQL > \connect --mysql
Creating a Classic session to 'root@localhost'
Fetching global names for auto-completion... Press ^C to stop.
Your MySQL connection id is 44
Server version: 8.4.4-commercial MySQL Enterprise Server - Commercial
No default schema selected; type \use to set one.
MySQL localhost SQL > select user();
+----------------+
| user()|
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.0004 sec)
MySQL localhost SQL > restart;
ERROR: 3707 (HY000): Restart server failed (mysqld is not managed by supervisor process).
MySQL localhost SQL >
5.看看官方文档的实现脚本
!/bin/bash
export MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=$$ export MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT=16 while true ; do bin/mysqld mysqld options here if [ $? -ne $MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT ]; then break fi Done 图片 图片 6.我们根据官方文档创建mysql 启动脚本并启动数据库，当然启动前先要停止mysql实例 [root@mysql8_3 mysql3308]# cat start.sh #!/bin/bash export MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=$$
export MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT=16
while true ; do
/u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf
if [ $? -ne $MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT ]; then
break
fi
[root@mysql8_3 mysql3308]# chmod +x start.sh
[root@mysql8_3 mysql3308]# ./start.sh
7.测试，通过使用官方提供的脚本格式编写的start.sh脚本启动数据库，能够实现mysqlsh重启mysql实例
8.根据这个脚本的逻辑修改systemd启动脚本
[root@mysql8_3 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
This service is actually a systemd target,
but we are using a service since targets cannot be reloaded.
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=mysqld.service
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
RestartForceExitStatus=16
Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
9.重启服务
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl start mysqld83308.service
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl status mysqld83308.service
● mysqld83308.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2025-04-24 12:19:43 CST; 2s ago
Main PID: 17310 (mysqld)
Tasks: 30 (limit: 22962)
Memory: 672.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld83308.service
└─17310 /u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf
4月24 12:19:43 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
10.测试使用systemd启动脚本的mysqlsh重启效果
这两种方法均能实现，原理来自官方脚本
参考:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/restart.html
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/latest/systemd.exec.html#Environment
