项目部署二：服务器和环境配置
合集 - 项目部署(1)
1.
项目部署二：服务器和环境配置
10-05
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2.服务和环境配置
下面的配置和操作均在腾讯云服务器+CentOS 7.5的系统下进行。
2.1 MySQL
安装服务端
yum install mariadb-server -y
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
安装客户端
yum install mariadb -y
软件包 1:mariadb-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
服务配置
启动
systemctl start mariadb
设置开机自启动
systemctl enable mariadb
账号初始化
登录
mysql -u root -p
root设置密码
UPDATE user SET password=password('qwe123..') WHERE user='root';
flush privileges;
创建用户
insert into mysql.user(user,host,password) values('xxx','%',password('qwe123..'));
或更新密码
UPDATE user SET password=password('qwe123..') WHERE user='xxx';
flush privileges;
创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE 数据库名 DEFAULT CHARSET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
授权
grant all privileges on 数据库. to settle@'%';
flush privileges;
grant all privileges on 数据库. to tasker@'127.0.0.1';
flush privileges;
img
img
服务器安全组可以进行端口配置
2.2 redis
安装
yum install redis -y
配置
打开文件
vim /etc/redis.conf
寻找
?requirepass
进入编辑状态
requirepass qwe123456
点击ESC退出编辑状态
保存并退出
:wq
启动
启动
systemctl start redis
systemctl restart redis
开机启动
systemctl enable redis
2.3 Python3
安装gcc，用于后续安装Python时编译源码。
yum install gcc -y
安装Python3相关依赖
yum install zlib zlib-devel -y
yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel -y
yum install ncurses ncurses-devel -y
yum install readline readline-devel -y
yum install openssl openssl-devel -y
yum install xz lzma xz-devel -y
yum install sqlite sqlite-devel -y
yum install gdbm gdbm-devel -y
yum install tk tk-devel -y
yum install mysql-devel -y
yum install python-devel -y
yum install libffi-devel -y
下载Python源码，https://www.python.org/ftp/python/
cd /data/
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.5/Python-3.9.5.tgz
注意：如果没有wget，则先安装 yum install wget
编译安装
解压
tar -xvf Python-3.9.5.tgz
进入目录并编译安装
cd Python-3.9.5
./configure
make all
make install
测试
python3 --version
/usr/local/bin/python3
/usr/local/bin/pip3
/usr/local/bin/pip3.9
配置豆瓣源（腾讯云服务器，默认腾讯源）
pip3.9 config set global.index-url https://pypi.douban.com/simple/
2.4 虚拟环境
安装虚拟环境
pip3.9 install virtualenv
创建虚拟环境目录并创建虚拟环境
mkdir /envs
virtualenv /envs/nb --python=python3.9
安装项目依赖的pip包
source /envs/nb/bin/activate
cd /data/www/nb/
pip install -r requirements.txt
2.5 拉取代码和配置
当上述环境准备好之后，接下来需要在线上服务器上做以下步骤：
获取最新代码
安装第三方包
source /envs/nb/bin/activate # 激活虚拟环境
pip install -r requirements.txt # 下载gitee上面down下来的代码
local_settings.py设置线上配置（在虚拟环境中创建本py文件,然后进行项目配置）
import os
from pathlib import Path
BASE_DIR = Path(file).resolve().parent.parent.parent
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"allstatic")
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'day06db', # 数据库名字
'USER': 'wangchuan',
'PASSWORD': 'qwe123..',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1', # ip
'PORT': 3306,
}
}
CACHES = {
"default": {
"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
"LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379",
"OPTIONS": {
"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
"CONNECTION_POOL_KWARGS": {"max_connections": 100},
"PASSWORD": "qwe123456",
}
}
}
收集静态文件
python manage.py collectstatic
2.5 uwsgi
激活虚拟环境并安装uwsgi
source /envs/nb/bin/activate
pip install uwsgi
命令运行：
cd /data/www/day06
uwsgi --http :80 --chdir /data/www/day06/ --wsgi-file day06/wsgi.py --master --processes 1 - static-map static=/data/www/allstatic/
基于uwsgi运行项目
命令参数
uwsgi --http :80 --chdir /data/www/xxxxx/ --wsgi-file day06/wsgi.py --master --processes 4 --static-map /static=/data/www/allstatic
文件参数
创建 day06_uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
http = 0.0.0.0:80
chdir = /data/www/xxxxx/
wsgi-file = day06/wsgi.py
processes = 4
static-map = /static=/data/www/allstatic
virtualenv = /envs/nb/
执行命令
uwsgi --ini day06_uwsgi.ini
2.6 nginx
利用nginx做反向代理和处理静态文件。
yum install nginx -y
修改nginx.conf配置文件：
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 4096;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
# Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
# See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
# for more information.
# include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
upstream django {
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
}
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name day06.pythonav.com;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
# include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location /static {
alias /data/www/allstatic/;
}
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include uwsgi_params;
}
}
}
修改uwsgi配置（day06_uwsgi）：
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:9000
chdir = /data/www/xxxxx/
wsgi-file = day06/wsgi.py
processes = 4
virtualenv = /envs/video_killer/
接下来就需要启动uwsgi和nginx：
nginx
启动
systemctl start nginx
开机启动
systemctl enable nginx
uwsgi
uwsgi --ini day06_uwsgi.ini
每次启动都比较麻烦，怎么办？
2.7 shell脚本
shell脚本，自动实现重启等功能(shell命令)
reboot.sh
stop.sh
2.7.1 reboot.sh
!/usr/bin/env bash
echo -e "\033[34m--------------------wsgi process--------------------\033[0m"
ps -ef|grep uwsgi_day06.ini | grep -v grep
sleep 0.5
echo -e '\n--------------------going to close--------------------'
ps -ef |grep uwsgi_day06.ini | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
sleep 0.5
echo -e '\n----------check if the kill action is correct----------'
/envs/day06/bin/uwsgi --ini uwsgi_day06.ini & >/dev/null
echo -e '\n\033[42;1m----------------------started...----------------------\033[0m'
sleep 1
ps -ef |grep uwsgi_day06.ini | grep -v grep
chmod 755 reboot.sh
./reboot.sh
2.7.2 stop.sh
!/usr/bin/env bash
echo -e "\033[34m--------------------wsgi process--------------------\033[0m"
ps -ef |grep uwsgi_day06.ini | grep -v grep
sleep 0.5
echo -e '\n--------------------going to close--------------------'
ps -ef |grep uwsgi_day06.ini | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
sleep 0.5
2.7.3 uwsgi
uwsgi_day06.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:8001
chdir = /data/www/day06/
wsgi-file = day06/wsgi.py
processes = 1
virtualenv = /envs/day06/
数据库处理
登录线上服务器
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
在.gitignore中
# database migrations
*/migrations/*.py
!*/migrations/__init__.py
原因：redis配置没有重启。
问题：关于应该尽可能的去避免。
2.8 域名和解析
2.8.1 购买域名
img
2.8.2 解析
就是让域名和我们刚才买的服务器绑定，以后通过域名就可以找到那台服务器，不需要再使用IP了。
img
img
img
img
2.9 https
2.9.1 申请证书
[kod.assjchina.com）
[kod.lishihai.com）
[kod.comipyme.com）
[kod.hycnshop.com）
[kod.tdfxtt.com）
[kod.hnwuba.com）
[kod.dpcae.com）
[kod.network-sky.com）
[kod.soyyou.com）
2.9.2 下载证书
2.9.3 证书上传
将证书文件上传至服务器，例如：上传至项目目录的ssl文件夹下。
2.9.4 修改nginx配置
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 65536;
use epoll;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_buffers 4 32k;
gzip_comp_level 9;
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
upstream django {
server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name day06.pythonav.com;
rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 redirect;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name day06.pythonav.com;
#证书文件
ssl_certificate /data/www/ssl/8372403_day06.pythonav.com.pem;
#私钥文件
ssl_certificate_key /data/www/ssl/8372403_day06.pythonav.com.key;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include uwsgi_params;
}
location /static {
alias /data/www/allstatic;
}
}
}
nginx重启(就合适了)
systemctl restart nginx
