1.only & except
参考文档：https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#only--except
only和except是两个参数用分支策略来限制jobs构建,后面会逐步被rules替代
only定义哪些分支和标签的git项目将会被job执行。
except定义哪些分支和标签的git项目将不会被job执行
示例
job: # use regexp only: - /^issue-.*$/ # use special keyword except: - branches
2.rules
rules允许按顺序评估单个规则对象的列表，直到一个匹配并为作业动态提供属性. 请注意， rules不能only/except与only/except组合使用。
可用的规则条款包括：
1.if （类似于only:variables ）
2.changes （ only:changes相同）
3。exists
示例1：rules:if
如果DOMAIN的值匹配，则需要手动运行。不匹配则默认匹配到on_success。 条件判断从上到下，匹配即停止。多条件匹配可以使用&& ||
variables: DOMAIN: www.example.com deploy: stage: deploy script: - echo "hello deploy" - sleep 2; rules: - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"' when: manual - if: '$DOMAIN == "www.example.com"' when: delayed start_in: '10' - when: on_success
示例2：rules:changes
接受文件路径数组。 如果提交中Jenkinsfile文件发生的变化则为true。
codescan: stage: codescan tags: - build script: - echo "codescan" - sleep 5; #parallel: 5 rules: - changes: - Jenkinsfile when: manual - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"' when: on_success - when: on_success
示例3：rules:exists
接受文件路径数组。当仓库中存在指定的文件时操作。
codescan: stage: codescan tags: - build script: - echo "codescan" - sleep 5; #parallel: 5 rules: - exists: - Jenkinsfile when: manual - changes: - Jenkinsfile when: on_success - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"' when: on_success - when: on_success
示例4：rules:allow_failure
使用allow_failure: true rules:在不停止管道本身的情况下允许作业失败或手动作业等待操作.
job: script: "echo Hello, Rules!" rules: - if: '$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_TARGET_BRANCH_NAME == "master"' when: manual allow_failure: true
在此示例中，如果第一个规则匹配，则作业将具有以下when: manual和allow_failure: true。
3.workflow
顶级workflow:关键字适用于整个管道，并将确定是否创建管道。when ：可以设置为always或never . 如果未提供，则默认值always。
示例
variables: DOMAIN: example.com workflow: rules: - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"' #如果不匹配则 不执行pipeline - when: never
4.综合示例
before_script: - echo "before-script!!" variables: DOMAIN: example.com workflow: rules: - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"' when: always - when: never stages: - build - test - codescan - deploy build: before_script: - echo "before-script in job" stage: build script: - echo "mvn clean " - echo "mvn install" - ech "$DOMAIN" after_script: - echo "after script in buildjob" rules: - exists: - Dockerfile when: on_success allow_failure: true - changes: - Dockerfile when: manual - when: on_failure unittest: stage: test script: - ech "run test" when: delayed start_in: '5' allow_failure: true retry: max: 1 when: - script_failure timeout: 1 hours 10 minutes deploy: stage: deploy script: - echo "hello deploy" - sleep 2; rules: - if: '$DOMAIN == "example.com"' when: manual - if: '$DOMAIN == "aexample.com"' when: delayed start_in: '5' - when: on_failure codescan: stage: codescan script: - echo "codescan" - sleep 5; when: on_success parallel: 5 after_script: - echo "after-script"
